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Zhang, Yan,Wang, Qiang,Han, Zhi-Gang,Shan, Li Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.5
Objective: To investigate differences in mutations of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene and relationships with clinicopathological features in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) between Uygur and Han ethnic groups. Methods: The Scorpions amplification refractory mutation system (Scorpions ARMS) was used to measure mutations in exons 18, 19, 20 and 21 of the EGFR gene in paraffin-embedded tumor tissue from NSCLC cases, and statistical analysis was performed to investigate links with clinicopathological features in different histological types of NSCLC. Results: Results from ARMS testing showed EGFR mutations in tumor tissues from six (6) of 50 NSCLC patients of Uygur ethnic group, with a positive rate of 12.0%; four of them (4) had exon 19 deletion in EGFR, and two (2) had L858R point mutation in exon 21 of EGFR. Statistically significant difference was noted in EGFR genetic mutation between adenocarcinoma and non-adenocarcinoma (P < 0.05), but no differences with gender, age group, smoking status, or stage (P > 0.05). EGFR mutations were detected in tumor tissues from 27 of 49 NSCLC patients of Han ethnic group, with a positive rate of 55.1%; 19 of them had exon 19 deletions, seven (7) had L858R point mutations in exon 21 of EGFR and one (1) had mutations in both exon 18 G719X and exon 20 T790M of EGFR. Statistically significant differences were noted in EGFR genetic mutations between genders and between adenocarcinoma and non-adenocarcinoma (P<0.05), but not with age group, smoking status, or stage (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Statistically significant differences were noted in the positive rates of EGFR genetic mutations in NSCLC patients between Uygur and Han ethnic groups, with lower positive rates for the Uygur cases.
Qiang Xia,Mo Xu,Han Zhang,Qiang Zhang,Xian-xuan Xiao 대한토목학회 2018 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.22 No.1
Most of the analytical and numerical models of tunnel groundwater inflow ignore the excavation process, leading to inaccurate prediction of discharge rate. A dynamic modeling approach was introduced by redevelopment of MODFLOW to simulate the change of groundwater flow step by step in accord with tunnel excavation. The drilling tunnel was conceptualized as a changing boundary condition, which was modeled by dividing the drilling process into a series of successive steps. The impact of permeability heterogeneity on groundwater flow was studied through a comparison between a homogeneous hydraulic conductivity case and a synthetic heterogeneous one. It was found that the discharge rate at drilling front kept stable in the homogeneous case, resulting in a linear increase in the total discharge rate, similar to the analytical solution by Perrochet (2005). In contrast, the front and total discharge rate were influenced significantly by the variability of permeability in the heterogeneous case. The time-dependent discharge rate at a given place was subject to an exponential decay for both cases with the maximum inflow occuring at the beginning of excavation. The relationship between discharge rate and hydraulic properties was further investigated in a high-K zone. It revealed that maximum discharge rate was proportional to hydraulic conductivity (K) and specific storage (Ss). The decaying rate of discharge was time-dependent and also proportional to the value of K and Ss. The water budget analysis demonstrated that water released from storage of the high-K zone was the major source of tunnel discharge at early times.
한강(Han Qiang),김춘수(Kim Chun Soo) 글로벌경영학회 2010 글로벌경영학회지 Vol.7 No.4
중국이 1970년대 후반에 개혁 개방 정책을 채택함에 따라 수 많은 영어 차용어가 중국어로 유입되었다. 그러므로 영어 차용어의 연구는 중국 언어학과 사전학의 중요한 분야가 되었다. 이 연구는 우선 대표적인 예시들을 언급함을 통해 현대 중국어에서의 영어 차용어의 전통적이고 새로운 형식들을 조사하였다. 이 연구는 영어 차용어가 중국어를 풍부하게 해주었고, 영어 차용어는 중국어의 다양한 변화들을 가져오는 전도성이 있었다고 주장한다. 미래에 점점 더 많은 영어 차용어들이 나타나기를 기대해본다. With China adopted Open Door policy in late 1970s, numerous English borrowings have penetrated into Chinese language. The study of English borrowings therefore has become an important field within Chinese linguistics and lexicography. This study firstly investigates traditional and recent new forms of English borrowings in Chinese today by providing typical examples. This study argues that English borrowings have enriched Chinese language, and English borrowings have been conducive to bringing about changes to Chinese language. More and more English borrowings are expected to emerge in the future.
Ren, Yong-Qiang,Han, Ju-Qiang,Cao, Jian-Biao,Li, Shao-Xiang,Fan, Gong-Ren Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.11
Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the association of MDR1 gene polymorphisms with susceptibility to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: A total of 689 HCC patients and 680 cancer-free subjects were enrolled. Human MDR1 gene polymorphisms were investigated by created restriction site-polymerase chain reaction (CRS-PCR) and DNA sequencing methods. Multiple logistic regression models were applied to estimate the association between MDR1 gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to HCC. Results: We detected a novel c.4125A>C polymorphism and our findings suggested that this variant was significantly associated with susceptibility to HCC. A significantly increased susceptibility to HCC was noted in the homozygote comparison (CC versus AA: OR=1.621, 95% CI 1.143-2.300, ${\chi}^2$=7.4095, P=0.0065), recessive model (CC versus AC+AA: OR=1.625, 95% CI 1.167-2.264, ${\chi}^2$=8.3544, P=0.0039) and allele contrast (C versus A: OR=1.185, 95% CI 1.011-1.389, ${\chi}^2$=4.4046, P=0.0358). However, no significant increase was observed in the heterozygote comparison (AC versus AA: OR=0.995, 95% CI 0.794-1.248, ${\chi}^2$=0.0017, P=0.9672) and dominant model (CC+AC versus AA: OR=1.106, 95% CI 0.894-1.369, ${\chi}^2$=0.8560, P=0.3549). Conclusions: These findings suggest that the c.4125A>C polymorphism of the MDR1 gene might contribute to susceptibility to HCC in the Chinese population. Further work will be necessary to clarify the relationship between the c.4125A>C polymorphism and susceptibility to HCC on larger populations of diverse ethnicity.