Statin and clinical outcomes of primary prevention in individuals aged >75 years: The SCOPE-75 study

Kim, Kyu,Lee, Chan Joo,Shim, Chi-Young,Kim, Jung-Sun,Kim, Byeong-Keuk,Park, Sungha,Chang, Hyuk-Jae,Hong, Geu-Ru,Ko, Young-Guk,Kang, Seok-Min,Choi, Donghoon,Ha, Jong-Won,Hong, Myeong-Ki,Jang, Yangsoo,L Elsevier Scientific Publ. Co 2019 Atherosclerosis Vol.284 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Background and aims</B></P> <P>Limited data is available on the benefit of statin for primary prevention in the elderly. The aim of this study is to investigate whether statin for primary prevention is effective in lowering the cardiovascular risk and all-cause death in individuals aged >75 years.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>This was a retrospective, propensity score-matched study and data were acquired between 2005 and 2016 in a tertiary university hospital. Of the 6414 patients screened, 1559 statin-naïve patients without a history of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease before the index visit were included. After propensity score matching, 1278 patients (639 statin users, 639 statin non-users) were finally analyzed. Primary outcome variables included major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) and all-cause death. MACCE included cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, coronary revascularization, and nonfatal stroke or transient ischemic attack.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>At a median follow-up of 5.2 years, statin users had lower rates of MACCE (2.15 <I>vs.</I> 1.25 events/100 person-years; hazard ratio, 0.59; <I>p</I> = 0.005) and all-cause death (1.19 <I>vs.</I> 0.65 events/100 person-years; hazard ratio, 0.56; <I>p</I> = 0.02), as well as lower levels of low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol than did non-users. The Kaplan-Meier curves revealed lower event rates in statin users (hazard ratio: 0.59 for MACCE and 0.56 for all-cause death). The incidence of myocardial infarction and coronary revascularization were lower in statin users.</P> <P><B>Conclusions</B></P> <P>Statin therapy for primary prevention was clearly associated with lower risk of cardiovascular events and all-cause death in individuals aged >75 years. These results support more active statin use in this population.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Effect of statins for primary prevention was analyzed in individuals aged >75 years. </LI> <LI> Statin was associated with lower cardiovascular risk and all-cause death. </LI> <LI> Rates of MI and coronary revascularization were lower in statin users. </LI> <LI> These results support a more active statin use in this population. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) Transparent Shielding of Reduced Graphene Oxide (RGO) Interleaved Structure Fabricated by Electrophoretic Deposition

Kim, Sanghoon,Oh, Joon-Suk,Kim, Myeong-Gi,Jang, Woojin,Wang, Mei,Kim, Youngjun,Seo, Hee Won,Kim, Ye Chan,Lee, Jun-Ho,Lee, Youngkwan,Nam, Jae-Do American Chemical Society 2014 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.6 No.20

<P>Here we introduce the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness (SE) of reduced graphene oxide (RGO) sheets interleaved between polyetherimide (PEI) films fabricated by electrophoretic deposition (EPD). Incorporating only 0.66 vol % of RGO, the developed PEI/RGO composite films exhibited an electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) at 6.37 dB corresponding to ∼50% shielding of incident waves. Excellent flexibility and optical transparency up to 62% of visible light was demonstrated. It was achieved by placing the RGO sheets in the localized area as a thin film (ca. 20 nm in thickness) between the PEI films (ca. 2 μm) to be an interleaved and alternating structure. This unique interleaved structure without any delamination areas was fabricated by a successive application of cathodic and anodic EPD of both RGO and PEI layers. The EPD fabrication process was ensured by an alternating deposition of the quarternized-PEI drops and RGO, each taking positive and negative charges, respectively, in the water medium. We believe that the developed facile fabrication method of RGO interleaved structure with such low volume fraction has great potential to be used as a transparent EMI shielding material.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/aamick/2014/aamick.2014.6.issue-20/am503893v/production/images/medium/am-2014-03893v_0009.gif'></P>

Meta-Analysis on the Effect of Physical Therapy Methods on Myofascial Pain Syndrome: The Cases of Domestic Research

( Chan Myeong Kim ),( Jae-kwang Lee ) 대한물리치료학회 2020 대한물리치료학회지 Vol.32 No.4

Purpose: The primary purposes of this study were to identify the degree of the effect size and the variables related to it on the effects of physical therapy on myofascial pain syndrome. Methods: This study collected 15 studies published between 2008.01.01 and 2019.12.31. The Analysis results confirmed 57 effect size data. The random-effect model was chosen because of the heterogeneity of the data. Results: First, the full case showed the largest mean effect size of 2.03 (p<0.001). Second, the size of the effect, according to the hands-on intervention, was 2.74 (p<0.003). Third, the VAS showed an effect size of 2.30 (p<0.001). Fourth, the intervention period showed a 1- to 15-day effect size of 2.94 (p<0.001). The number of interventions showed a 6 to 10 effect size of 2.84 (p<0.006). The number of participants showed a 10 or less effect size of 2.66 (p<0.001). Finally, the ‘Trim and Fill’ result confirmed that the calibration effect size was 0.93 (p<0.001). Conclusion: Physical therapy had a great effect on myofascial pain syndrome in the neck and shoulders, and that the effect differed according to the methods of the intervention and the methods of evaluation.

Differences in the Effects of Beta-Blockers Depending on Heart Rate at Discharge in Patients With Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction and Atrial Fibrillation

Kim Young In,Ahn Min-Soo,Yoo Byung-Su,Kim Jang-Young,Son Jung-Woo,Park Young Jun,Kim Sung Hwa,Kang Dae Ryong,Lee Hae-Young,Kang Seok-Min,Cho Myeong-Chan 대한심부전학회 2024 International Journal of Heart Failure Vol.6 No.3

Background and Objectives Beta-blockers (BBs) improve prognosis in heart failure (HF), which is mediated by lowering heart rate (HR). However, HR has no prognostic implication in atrial fibrillation (AF) and also BBs have not been shown to improve prognosis in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) with AF. This study assessed the prognostic implication of BB in HFpEF with AF according to discharge HR. Methods From the Korean Acute Heart Failure Registry, 687 patients with HFpEF and AF were selected. Study subjects were divided into 4 groups based on 75 beats per minute (bpm) of HR at discharge and whether or not they were treated with BB at discharge. Results Of the 687 patients with HFpEF and AF, 128 (36.1%) were in low HR group and 121 (36.4%) were in high HR group among those treated with BB at discharge. In high HR group, HR at discharge was significantly faster in BB non-users (85.5±9.1 bpm vs. 89.2±12.5 bpm, p=0.005). In the Cox model, BB did not improve 60-day rehospitalization (hazard ratio, 0.93; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.35–2.47) or mortality (hazard ratio, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.22–2.74) in low HR group. However, in high HR group, BB treatment at discharge was associated with 82% reduced 60-day HF rehospitalization (hazard ratio, 0.18; 95% CI, 0.04–0.81), but not with mortality (hazard ratio, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.20–2.98). Conclusions In HFpEF with AF, in patients with HR over 75 bpm at discharge, BB treatment at discharge was associated with a reduced 60-day rehospitalization rate. Background and Objectives Beta-blockers (BBs) improve prognosis in heart failure (HF), which is mediated by lowering heart rate (HR). However, HR has no prognostic implication in atrial fibrillation (AF) and also BBs have not been shown to improve prognosis in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) with AF. This study assessed the prognostic implication of BB in HFpEF with AF according to discharge HR. Methods From the Korean Acute Heart Failure Registry, 687 patients with HFpEF and AF were selected. Study subjects were divided into 4 groups based on 75 beats per minute (bpm) of HR at discharge and whether or not they were treated with BB at discharge. Results Of the 687 patients with HFpEF and AF, 128 (36.1%) were in low HR group and 121 (36.4%) were in high HR group among those treated with BB at discharge. In high HR group, HR at discharge was significantly faster in BB non-users (85.5±9.1 bpm vs. 89.2±12.5 bpm, p=0.005). In the Cox model, BB did not improve 60-day rehospitalization (hazard ratio, 0.93; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.35–2.47) or mortality (hazard ratio, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.22–2.74) in low HR group. However, in high HR group, BB treatment at discharge was associated with 82% reduced 60-day HF rehospitalization (hazard ratio, 0.18; 95% CI, 0.04–0.81), but not with mortality (hazard ratio, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.20–2.98). Conclusions In HFpEF with AF, in patients with HR over 75 bpm at discharge, BB treatment at discharge was associated with a reduced 60-day rehospitalization rate.

Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Various Physical Therapy Method about Shoulder Adhesive Capsulitis: The Cases of Domestic Research

( Chan Myeong Kim ) 대한물리치료학회 2020 대한물리치료학회지 Vol.32 No.5

Purpose: The main purposes of this study are to identify the degree of effect size and variables related to it, on the effect of physical therapy on shoulder adhesive capsulitis. Methods: This study were collected 8 studies published between 2010.01.01. and 2020.08.01. The Analysis result confirmed 16 effect size data, the random effect model was chosen because of the heterogeneity of the data. Results: First, full case showed the largest mean effect size 3.28 (p< 0.001). Second, Size of the effect according to hands on+off intervention the 5.17 (p >0.344). Third, Number of participants showed 15 or more effect size 4.19 (p< 0.002). intervention period showed 8 weeks effect size 5.12 (p >0.425). Number of intervention showed 14 or less effect size 3.99 (p>0.061). Publication type showed thesis effect size 4.34 (p<0.003). Finally, ‘Trim and Fill’ result confirmed that the calibration effect size is 1.71 (p<0.001). Conclusion: We were able to confirm that physical therapy had great effect on shoulders adhesive capsulitis, and that the effect differed according to the methods of intervention, the methods of evaluation.

Atomic Layer Deposition of Transition/Post-Transition Metal Oxide Thin Films towards High-Performance Transparent Electronics

Chan-Rok Park,Myeong-Hee Ko,Shin-Ik Kim,Seong-Keun Kim,Seung-Hyub Baek,Jin-Sang Kim,Jin-Ha Hwang 한국진공학회 2014 한국진공학회 학술발표회초록집 Vol.2014 No.8

Beta-Blockers in Patients with Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: Results from The Korea Acute Heart Failure (KorAHF) Registry

Kim, Sung-Hwan,Yun, Sung-Cheol,Park, Jin Joo,Lee, Sang Eun,Jeon, Eun-Seok,Kim, Jae-Joong,Cho, Myeong-Chan,Chae, Shung Chull,Kang, Seok-Min,Choi, Dong-Ju,Yoo, Byung-Su,Kim, Kye Hun,Oh, Byung-Hee,Baek, The Korean Society of Cardiology 2019 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.49 No.3

<P><B>Background and Objectives</B></P><P>Beta-blockers are indicated in patients with heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction. However, their efficacy in patients with HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is uncertain. We investigated the hypothesis that beta-blockers are associated with reduced adverse events in patients with HFpEF.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>The Korea Acute Heart Failure (KorAHF) is a prospective observational multicentre cohort study. The 5,625 patients hospitalized for acute HF syndrome in 10 tertiary university hospitals across the country have been consecutively enrolled between March 2011 and February 2014. Of these patients, 2,152 patients with HFpEF (ejection fraction ≥40%) were investigated. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality according to beta-blocker use.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>During a median follow-up duration of 807 days, 702 patients died. In Cox proportional hazards model beta-blocker use was associated with a 14% reduced all-cause death (hazard ratio [HR], 0.86; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.75–0.98), but not with reduce rehospitalization (HR, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.85–1.27). In the propensity-score matched population, beta-blockers were also associated with reduced all-cause death (HR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.69–0.94) but not with reduced rehospitalization (HR, 1.08; 95% CI, 0.87–1.33).</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>In Korean patients with HFpEF, use of beta-blockers is associated with reduced all-cause death but not with reduced rehospitalization.</P>

Evaluation of Submucosal or Lymphovascular Invasion Detection Rates in Early Gastric Cancer Based on Pathology Section Interval

Kim, Young-Il,Kook, Myeong-Cherl,Choi, Jee Eun,Lee, Jong Yeul,Kim, Chan Gyoo,Eom, Bang Wool,Yoon, Hong Man,Ryu, Keun Won,Kim, Young-Woo,Choi, Il Ju The Korean Gastric Cancer Association 2020 Journal of gastric cancer Vol.20 No.2

Purpose: The guidelines for pathological evaluation of early gastric cancer (EGC) recommend wider section intervals for surgical specimens (5-7 mm) than those for endoscopically resected specimens (2-3 mm). Studies in surgically resected EGC specimens showed not negligible lymph node metastasis risks in EGCs meeting the expanded criteria for endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 401 EGC lesions with an endoscopic size of ≤ 30 mm detected in 386 patients. Pathological specimens obtained by ESD or surgery were cut into 2-mm section intervals for reference. Submucosal or lymphovascular invasion (LVI) was evaluated arbitrarily in 4- or 6-mm section intervals. McNemar's tests compared the differences between submucosal and LVI. Results: Submucosal invasion was detected in 29.2% (117/401) and LVI in 9.5% (38/401) at 2-mm interval. The submucosal invasion detection rates in 4-mm intervals decreased to 88.0% or 90.6% (both P<0.001), while the LVI detection rates decreased to 86.8% or 57.9% (P=0.025 and P<0.001, respectively). In 6-mm intervals, the submucosal and LVI detection rates decreased further to 72.7-80.3% (P<0.001 for all three sets) and 55.3-63.2% (P<0.001 for all three sets), respectively. Among 150 out-of-indication cases at 2-mm interval, 4-10 (2.7%-6.7%) at 4-mm intervals, and 10-17 (6.7%-11.3%) at 6-mm intervals were misclassified as lesions meeting the curative resection criteria due to the underestimation of submucosal or LVI. Conclusions: After ESD, the 2-mm wide section interval was suitable for the pathological evaluation of focal submucosal or LVI. Thus, if an EGC lesion meets the expanded criteria for the ESD specimen pathological evaluation, it could be safely followed up.

Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Physical Modality Therapy and Exercise Therapy on Neck and Shoulder Myofascial Pain Syndrome

Kim Chan-Myeong,Park Ji-Won 질병관리본부 2020 Osong Public Health and Research Persptectives Vol.11 No.4

Objectives The main purpose of this study was to identify the effects of physical therapy modalities and exercise therapy on myofascial pain syndrome by assessing the degree of effect size (ES) and related variables. Methods Related studies published between 1st January 2008 and 31st December 2019were retrieved from national [KCI, RISS, National Assembly Library and DBpia (n = 405)] and international [PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar and Cochrane library (n = 1,600)] databases. According to the selection criteria, 25 studies were selected for review. Results The degree of ES in the physical therapy and exercise therapy combined group (1.83) showed the largest mean ES. The size of the effect according to the number of people to be treated was 41 or more (1.64), and showed the largest mean ES. The size of the effect according to treatment period was 16 to 30 days (1.41). The size of the effect for 6 to 10 treatments (1.51) showed the largest mean ES. Trim and fill results showed that the calibration ES was 0.67. Conclusion Physical therapy modalities and exercise therapy had a great effect on myofascial pain syndrome in the neck and shoulders, and the effect differed according to the methods of intervention, and the methods of evaluation.

Scalable fabrication of micron-scale graphene nanomeshes for high-performance supercapacitor applications

Kim, Hyun-Kyung,Bak, Seong-Min,Lee, Suk Woo,Kim, Myeong-Seong,Park, Byeongho,Lee, Su Chan,Choi, Yeon Jun,Jun, Seong Chan,Han, Joong Tark,Nam, Kyung-Wan,Chung, Kyung Yoon,Wang, Jian,Zhou, Jigang,Yang, Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE Vol.9 No.4

<P>Graphene nanomeshes (GNMs) with nanoscale periodic or quasi-periodic nanoholes have attracted considerable interest because of unique features such as their open energy band gap, enlarged specific surface area, and high optical transmittance. These features are useful for applications in semiconducting devices, photocatalysis, sensors, and energy-related systems. Here, we report on the facile and scalable preparation of multifunctional micron-scale GNMs with high-density of nanoperforations by catalytic carbon gasification. The catalytic carbon gasification process induces selective decomposition on the graphene adjacent to the metal catalyst, thus forming nanoperforations. The pore size, pore density distribution, and neck size of the GNMs can be controlled by adjusting the size and fraction of the metal oxide on graphene. The fabricated GNM electrodes exhibit superior electrochemical properties for supercapacitor (ultracapacitor) applications, including exceptionally high capacitance (253 F g(-1) at 1 A g(-1)) and high rate capability (212 F g(-1) at 100 A g(-1)) with excellent cycle stability (91% of the initial capacitance after 50000 charge/discharge cycles). Further, the edge-enriched structure of GNMs plays an important role in achieving edge-selected and high-level nitrogen doping.</P>