Human parvovirus B19 in patients with beta thalassemia major from Tehran, Iran

Seyed Ali Mohammad Arabzadeh,Farideh Alizadeh,Ahmad Tavakoli,Hamidreza Mollaei,Farah Bokharaei-Salim,Gharib Karimi,Mohammad Farahmand,Helya Sadat Mortazavi,Seyed Hamidreza Monavari 대한혈액학회 2017 Blood Research Vol.52 No.1

Background: Due to the tropism of human parvovirus B19 to erythroid progenitor cells, infection in patients with an underlying hemolytic disorder such as beta-thalassemia major leads to suppression of erythrocyte formation, referred to as transient aplasia crisis (TAC), which may be life-threatening. We investigated the prevalence of parvovirus B19 among patients with beta thalassemia major attending the Zafar Adult Thalassemia Clinic in Tehran, Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed to determine the presence of parvovirus B19 DNA in blood samples and parvovirus B19 genotypes in plasma samples of patients with thalassemia major. The population consisted of 150 patients with beta-thalassemia major who attended the Zafar clinic in Tehran. Specimens were studied using a real-time poly-merase chain reaction assay. Results: The prevalence of parvovirus B19 in our study population was 4%. Of 150 patients with thalassemia, six (4%) were positive for B19 DNA. There was no significant correlation between blood transfusion frequency and B19 DNA positivity. Finally, phylogenetic analy-sis of human parvovirus B19 revealed genotype I in these six patients. Conclusion: In this study, acute B19 infections were detected in patients with beta thalassemia major. Screening of such high-risk groups can considerably reduce the incidence and prevalence of B19 infection; thus, screening is required for epidemiologic surveillance and dis-ease-prevention measures.

Human parvovirus B19 in patients with beta thalassemia major from Tehran, Iran

Seyed Ali Mohammad Arabzadeh,Farideh Alizadeh,Ahmad Tavakoli,Hamidreza Mollaei,Farah Bokharaei-Salim,Gharib Karimi,Mohammad Farahmand,Helya Sadat Mortazavi,Seyed Hamidreza Monavari 대한혈액학회 2017 Blood Research Vol.52 No.1

Background: Due to the tropism of human parvovirus B19 to erythroid progenitor cells, infection in patients with an underlying hemolytic disorder such as beta-thalassemia major leads to suppression of erythrocyte formation, referred to as transient aplasia crisis (TAC), which may be life-threatening. We investigated the prevalence of parvovirus B19 among patients with beta thalassemia major attending the Zafar Adult Thalassemia Clinic in Tehran, Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed to determine the presence of parvovirus B19 DNA in blood samples and parvovirus B19 genotypes in plasma samples of patients with thalassemia major. The population consisted of 150 patients with beta-thalassemia major who attended the Zafar clinic in Tehran. Specimens were studied using a real-time poly-merase chain reaction assay. Results: The prevalence of parvovirus B19 in our study population was 4%. Of 150 patients with thalassemia, six (4%) were positive for B19 DNA. There was no significant correlation between blood transfusion frequency and B19 DNA positivity. Finally, phylogenetic analy-sis of human parvovirus B19 revealed genotype I in these six patients. Conclusion: In this study, acute B19 infections were detected in patients with beta thalassemia major. Screening of such high-risk groups can considerably reduce the incidence and prevalence of B19 infection; thus, screening is required for epidemiologic surveillance and dis-ease-prevention measures.

Effect of Intravenous Intraoperative Esmolol on Pain Management Following Lower Limb Orthopedic Surgery

( Mohammad Haghighi ),( Abbas Sedighinejad ),( Ahmadreza Mirbolook ),( Bahram Naderi Nabi ),( Maral Farahmand ),( Ehsan Kazemnezhad Leili ),( Masoumeh Shirvani ),( Sina Khajeh Jahromi ) 대한통증학회 2015 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.28 No.3

Background: Lack of proper control of acute postoperative pain often leads to lingering or chronic pain. Several studies have emphasized the role of beta-blockers in reducing postoperative pain. Esmolol is a selective short-acting beta-blocker that produces few side effects. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of intravenous intraoperative esmolol on postoperative pain reduction following orthopedic leg fracture surgery. Methods: In a clinical trial, 82 patients between 20-65 years of age with tibia fractures and American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I & II who underwent surgery were divided into two groups. Group A received esmolol and group B received normal saline. Postoperative pain was measured at three time points: entering the recovery unit, and at 3 h and 6 h following surgery, using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). A P value of < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Mean VAS scores at all three time points were significantly different between the two test groups (P = 0.02, P = 0.0001, and P = 0.0001, respectively). The consumption of pethidine was lower in group A than in group B (P = 0.004) and the duration of its effect was significantly longer in time (P = 0.026). Conclusions: Intravenous intraoperative esmolol is effective in the reduction of postoperative pain following leg fracture surgery. It reduced opioid consumption following surgery and delayed patient requests for analgesics. (Korean J Pain 2015; 28: 198-202)

Design and analysis of a novel parallel mechanism for prosthetic knee wear test simulators

Fatemeh S. Daeinejad,Farzam Farahmand,Mohammad Durali,Mohammad H. Abedinnasab 대한기계학회 2017 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.31 No.2

Using a parallel mechanism in the wear test simulators of prosthetic knees provides an easy access to the femoral and tibial components during tests. Moreover, because of its higher accuracy and load capacity, in comparison with serial mechanisms, it allows simulation of heavier tasks, such as climbing stairs, to be performed. This paper describes a new 3 Degree of freedom (DoF) spatial 2T1R (T:Translational DoF; R: Rotational DoF) parallel mechanism, for reproducing the force and motion of the tibial component of the knee prostheses in a wear test simulator. Kinematics and dynamics analysis of the mechanism indicated that it can satisfy the required DoFs, workspace and load capacity prescribed in the standard. Also, evaluation of the performance of the mechanism using the simMechanics toolbox of MATLAB revealed that it can reproduce the prescribed forces/torques with relatively high accuracy. However, the mechanism’s force outcomes were found to be affected by inaccuracies in mounting the prosthesis components, although less than the previous serial simulators. In comparison of the different possible architectures, a lateral leg angulation of 45 degrees provided the best efficacy, considering the size of actuators, the overall size of the mechanism and the accessibility of the test sample.

Alimentary Tract ; Role of Fecal Calprotectin in Differentiating between Hirschsprung`s Disease and Functional Constipation

( Fatemeh Elham Mahjoub ),( Nasim Zahedi ),( Bahar Ashjai ),( Mohammad Taghi Haghi Ashtiani ),( Fatemeh Farahmand ),( Maryam Monajemzadeh ),( Leila Kashi ),( Heshmat Iranikhah ) 대한소화기학회 2013 대한소화기학회지 Vol.62 No.5

Background/Aims: Calprotectin is a 36.5 kD calcium and zinc binding protein in the S100 protein family. Fecal calprotectin levels are elevated in patients with inflammatory bowel disease and some other gastrointestinal disorders such as colorectal carcinoma. We decided to evaluate the fecal calprotectin level to see if it was able to distinguish between functional and organic causes of constipation. Methods: Seventy-six children aged 1 to 120 months that all underwent deep rectal mucosa biopsies at Children Medical Center from November 2010 till September 2011 were recruited. Nineteen cases were diagnosed as Hirschsprung`s disease and 57 of the patients had nerve ganglion cells in their biopsies. Calprotectin concentration was analyzed by the ELISA method. Results: Although there was a significant difference between the median of the two groups (p=0.036), the median was not above the predetermined cutoff value of 50 μg/g. Conclusions: We propose that fecal calprotectin, using the above cutoff value, has limited value in differentiating functional constipation from Hirschsprung`s disease. (Korean J Gastroenterol 2013;62:288-291)