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Circumcision-incision orchidopexy: A novel technique for palpable, low inguinal undescended testis
Michael E. Chua,Jan Michael A. Silangcruz,Odina Gomez,Jun S. Dy,Marcelino L. Morales Jr 대한비뇨의학회 2017 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.58 No.6
Given that both orchidopexy and circumcision are commonly done in a single operative setting, we adopted a technique of combined orchidopexy and circumcision using a single circumcision incision. We applied this new technique to boys with palpable, low inguinal cryptorchidism. Here we describe a case series of 7 boys who underwent concurrent orchidopexy via the circumcision site. We present this novel technique and discuss our preliminary outcomes, including the anatomic basis and feasibility. The technique appears to be an alternative for concurrent circumcision and cryptorchid cases with palpable, low inguinal testes.
Nedoluha, Gerald E.,Kiefer, Michael,Lossow, Stefan,Gomez, R. Michael,Kä,mpfer, Niklaus,Lainer, Martin,Forkman, Peter,Christensen, Ole Martin,Oh, Jung Jin,Hartogh, Paul,Anderson, John,Bramstedt, Kl Copernicus GmbH 2017 Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Vol.17 No.23
<P>Abstract. As part of the second SPARC (Stratosphere-troposphere Processes And their Role in Climate) water vapor assessment (WAVAS-II), we present measurements taken from or coincident with seven sites from which ground-based microwave instruments measure water vapor in the middle atmosphere. Six of the ground-based instruments are part of the Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC) and provide datasets that can be used for drift and trend assessment. We compare measurements from these ground-based instruments with satellite datasets that have provided retrievals of water vapor in the lower mesosphere over extended periods since 1996. We first compare biases between the satellite and ground-based instruments from the upper stratosphere to the upper mesosphere. We then show a number of time series comparisons at 0.46 hPa, a level that is sensitive to changes in H2O and CH4 entering the stratosphere but, because almost all CH4 has been oxidized, is relatively insensitive to dynamical variations. Interannual variations and drifts are investigated with respect to both the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS; from 2004 onwards) and each instrument's climatological mean. We find that the variation in the interannual difference in the mean H2O measured by any two instruments is typically ∼ 1%. Most of the datasets start in or after 2004 and show annual increases in H2O of 0-1 % yr−1. In particular, MLS shows a trend of between 0.5 % yr−1 and 0.7 % yr−1 at the comparison sites. However, the two longest measurement datasets used here, with measurements back to 1996, show much smaller trends of +0.1 % yr−1 (at Mauna Loa, Hawaii) and −0.1 % yr−1 (at Lauder, New Zealand). </P>
ER71 Acts Downstream of BMP, Notch, and Wnt Signaling in Blood and Vessel Progenitor Specification
Lee, Dongjun,Park, Changwon,Lee, Ho,Lugus, Jesse J.,Kim, Seok Hyung,Arentson, Elizabeth,Chung, Yun Shin,Gomez, Gustavo,Kyba, Michael,Lin, Shuo,Janknecht, Ralf,Lim, Dae-Sik,Choi, Kyunghee Elsevier 2008 Cell stem cell Vol.2 No.5
<P><B>Summary</B></P><P>FLK1-expressing (FLK1<SUP>+</SUP>) mesoderm generates blood and vessels. Here, we show that combined BMP, Notch, and Wnt signaling is necessary for efficient FLK1<SUP>+</SUP> mesoderm formation from embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Inhibition of BMP, Notch, and Wnt signaling pathways greatly decreased the generation of FLK1<SUP>+</SUP> mesoderm and expression of the Ets transcription factor <I>Er71</I>. Enforced expression of ER71 in ESCs resulted in a robust induction of FLK1<SUP>+</SUP> mesoderm; rescued the generation of FLK1<SUP>+</SUP> mesoderm when blocked by BMP, Notch, and Wnt inhibition; and enhanced hematopoietic and endothelial cell generation. <I>Er71</I>-deficient mice had greatly reduced FLK1 expression, died early in gestation, and displayed severe blood and vessel defects that are highly reminiscent of the <I>Flk1</I> null mouse phenotype. Collectively, we provide compelling evidence that ER71 functions downstream of BMP, Notch, and Wnt signals and regulates FLK1<SUP>+</SUP> mesoderm, blood, and vessel development.</P>