Do Women Benefit from Women Education Aid? Evidence from Panel Data

Maruta Admasu Asfaw 한국국제경제학회 2023 International Economic Journal Vol.37 No.4

Generally, the literature on aid focuses on the potential growth effects of aggregate aid. Due to the fact that donors have consistently asserted the multidimensionality of their purposes, it is necessary to conduct a much more disaggregated analysis of aid effectiveness. In this study, the effect of women education aid on 72 developing countries is examined empirically over the period 1990–2016. Using cross-country regression, this study examines the effectiveness of aid targeted at women’s education. Based on the fact that donors provide a large amount of women’s education aid to countries whose voting positions in the UN General Assembly are similar, this analysis exploits an instrumental variable. This study shows that women’s education aid has a significantly positive effect on women’s education. The results of this study are robust when different sensitivity checks are performed. The findings have significant policy implications for donor countries and international aid organizations, as they assist in identifying the most effective types of foreign aid flow to the various sectors of the recipient country’s economy.

Progress of Beam Commissioning and Beam Loss Mitigation in the J-PARC Linac after the Tohoku Earthquake

Tomofumi Maruta,Akihiko Miura,Hiroyuki Sako,Jun Tamura,Masanori Ikegami,Kenta Futatsukawa,Zhigao Fang,Tomoaki Miyao,Yong Liu 한국물리학회 2013 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.63 No.7

The Tohoku earthquake in March 2011 caused significant damage to the Japan Proton AcceleratorResearch Complex (J-PARC) linac and forced us to shutdown the accelerator for nearly nine months. After a significant effort for its restoration, we resumed beam operation of the J-PARC linac inDecember 2011. Since the resumption of beam operation, we have been suffering from beam-losseswhich were not observed before the earthquake. Tackling the beam-loss issues, we have finallyreached the same beam power for user operation as before the earthquake. In this paper, we presentour experience with the beam start-up tuning after the earthquake, with emphasis on beam-lossmitigation efforts.

韓日漢字語の品訶のずれと用法に關する硏究 : 日本語敎育の視角から from the viewpoint of Japanese education

丸田 孝志 청주대학교 인문과학연구소 1995 人文科學論集 Vol.14 No.-

韓ㆍ中ㆍ日漢子音의 比較 : 韓國語漢子音敎育의 視角에서 from the Point of View of Korean Education for Pronounciation

丸田 孝志 청주대학교 인문과학연구소 1996 人文科學論集 Vol.16 No.-

Producing a Semi-automatic Profile Measuring Program (SPMP) in Body Silhouette for Elderly Women

Oh, HeeKyung,Maruta, Naomi,Nagashima, Shinobu,Hirokawa, Taeko The Society of Fashion and Textile Industry 2012 한국의류산업학회지 Vol.14 No.6

This study presents a new method called the SPMP (Semi-automatic profile measuring program) to efficiently measure body shape in elderly women. SPMP can automatically measure the angle of axis (19 items), surface (17 items), lengths (14 items), heights (16 items), widths (13 items), and depth (6 items). In total these 85 items are automatically measured very quickly, accurately, and easily after manually marking an initial 36 points. The utility of SPMP was evaluated using several tests. When SPMP measuring results were compared with manual methods (using a ruler and protractor) in thirteen elderly women using a paired t-test, there was no significant difference found between them. Furthermore, when measurements from SPMP were compared with actual measurement results in selected items from seven elderly women's measurements, smaller mean differences were found than those defined by ISO 20685, with the exception of the abdominal area which moves easily with breathing. Seven independent measurements of a single elderly woman were made by seven students using SPMP, and the values of coefficient of variation were less than 5% for all but 8 items. Finally, this study analyzed the correlation of all 85 item measurements, and found that the angle from the upper chest to the neck towards the front in the axis curved forward as much as the axis angle from the thigh to the waist (r=-0.876, $^{**}p$ < 0.01) bent backwards in elderly women. This detailed analysis helps to understand age-related changes in body posture, and will be useful in future studies.

Producing a Semi-automatic Profile Measuring Program (SPMP) in Body Silhouette for Elderly Women

오희경,Naomi Maruta,Shinobu Nagashima,Taeko Hirokawa 한국의류산업학회 2012 한국의류산업학회지 Vol.14 No.6

This study presents a new method called the SPMP (Semi-automatic profile measuring program) to efficiently measure body shape in elderly women. SPMP can automatically measure the angle of axis (19 items), surface (17 items),lengths (14 items), heights (16 items), widths (13 items), and depth (6 items). In total these 85 items are automatically measured very quickly, accurately, and easily after manually marking an initial 36 points. The utility of SPMP was evaluated using several tests. When SPMP measuring results were compared with manual methods (using a ruler and protractor)in thirteen elderly women using a paired t-test, there was no significant difference found between them. Furthermore, when measurements from SPMP were compared with actual measurement results in selected items from seven elderly women’s measurements, smaller mean differences were found than those defined by ISO 20685, with the exception of the abdominal area which moves easily with breathing. Seven independent measurements of a single elderly woman were made by seven students using SPMP, and the values of coefficient of variation were less than 5% for all but 8 items. Finally, this study analyzed the correlation of all 85 item measurements, and found that the angle from the upper chest to the neck towards the front in the axis curved forward as much as the axis angle from the thigh to the waist (r=-0.876,**p<0.01) bent backwards in elderly women. This detailed analysis helps to understand age-related changes in body posture,and will be useful in future studies.

A Novel Predictive Digital Controlled Sensorless PFC Converter under the Boundary Conduction Mode

Wang, Jizhe,Maruta, Hidenori,Matsunaga, Motoshi,Kurokawa, Fujio The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2017 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.17 No.1

This paper presents a novel predictive digital control method for boundary conduction mode PFC converters without the need for detecting the inductor current. In the proposed method, the inductor current is predicted by analytical equations instead of being detected by a sensing-resistor. The predicted zero-crossing point of the inductor current is determined by the values of the input voltage, output voltage and predicted inductor current. Importantly, the prediction of zero-crossing point is achieved in just a single switching cycle. Therefore, the errors in predictive calculation caused by parameter variations can be compensated. The prediction of the zero-crossing point with the proposed method has been shown to have good accuracy. The proposed method also shows high stability towards variations in both the inductance and output power. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed predictive digital control method for PFC converters.

Frame splitting and data-aided decision direct channel estimation for OFDM in fast varying fading channels

Kentaro Yonei,Kazuki Maruta,안창준 한국통신학회 2020 ICT Express Vol.6 No.3

This article proposes a novel wireless channel estimation method suited for fast fading environment. Generally, forward error correction (FEC) requires long block code length to raise error correction capability while it deteriorates the channel tracking accuracy in pilot-aided estimation. To meet these trade-off demands, we propose a frame splitting and decision directed channel estimation (DDCE). It splits information data in half and estimate channel state information (CSI) of the former part. That of latter is simply extrapolated using the former CSI. Computer simulation result shows that the proposed method can improve bit error rate performance even at fast fading environment.

Producing a Semi-automatic Profile Measuring Program (SPMP) in Body Silhouette for Elderly Women

( Heekyung Oh ),( Naomi Maruta ),( Shinobu Nagashima ),( Taeko Hirokawa ) 한국의류산업학회 2013 한국의류산업학회지 Vol.14 No.6

This study presents a new method called the SPMP (Semi-automatic profile measuring program) to efficiently measure body shape in elderly women. SPMP can automatically measure the angle of axis (19 items), surface (17 items), lengths (14 items), heights (16 items), widths (13 items), and depth (6 items). In total these 85 items are automatically measured very quickly, accurately, and easily after manually marking an initial 36 points. The utility of SPMP was evaluated using several tests. When SPMP measuring results were compared with manual methods (using a ruler and protractor) in thirteen elderly women using a paired t-test, there was no significant difference found between them. Furthermore, when measurements from SPMP were compared with actual measurement results in selected items from seven elderly women`s measurements, smaller mean differences were found than those defined by ISO 20685, with the exception of the abdominal area which moves easily with breathing. Seven independent measurements of a single elderly woman were made by seven students using SPMP, and the values of coefficient of variation were less than 5% for all but 8 items. Finally, this study analyzed the correlation of all 85 item measurements, and found that the angle from the upper chest to the neck towards the front in the axis curved forward as much as the axis angle from the thigh to the waist (r=-0.876, **p<0.01) bent backwards in elderly women. This detailed analysis helps to understand age-related changes in body posture, and will be useful in future studies.

A Novel Predictive Digital Controlled Sensorless PFC Converter under the Boundary Conduction Mode

Jizhe Wang,Hidenori Maruta,Motoshi Matsunaga,Fujio Kurokawa 전력전자학회 2017 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.17 No.1

This paper presents a novel predictive digital control method for boundary conduction mode PFC converters without the need for detecting the inductor current. In the proposed method, the inductor current is predicted by analytical equations instead of being detected by a sensing-resistor. The predicted zero-crossing point of the inductor current is determined by the values of the input voltage, output voltage and predicted inductor current. Importantly, the prediction of zero-crossing point is achieved in just a single switching cycle. Therefore, the errors in predictive calculation caused by parameter variations can be compensated. The prediction of the zero-crossing point with the proposed method has been shown to have good accuracy. The proposed method also shows high stability towards variations in both the inductance and output power. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed predictive digital control method for PFC converters.