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      • The Relationship between Spectator Motivation, Constraint, Satisfaction, Team Identity and Behavioral Intention among Chinese Sport Fans

        ( Bojun Liu ),( Kyungsik Kim ) 아시아스포츠융합과학회 2021 Asia Pacific Journal of Applied Sport Sciences Vol.2 No.2

        PURPOSE This study was to explore and describe the structural relationships between spectator motivation, spectator constraint, team identity, spectator satisfaction and behavioral intention in the context of Chinese sport leagues. METHOD The participants were spectators who come from soccer and basketball. In two CSL and two CBA field investigations, a total of 900 questionnaires were issued, and 828 valid questionnaires were finally recovered, with a recovery rate of 92%. The collected data was analyzed by CFA, correlation analysis, multigroup comparison and equation structural model analysis. RESULT First, spectating motivation, spectating satisfaction, team identity had a significant positive effect on behavioral intention. Second, spectating motivation, spectating satisfaction had a significant positive effect on team identity while spectating constraint had no significantly effect on identity. Third, spectating motivation had a significant effect on spectating satisfaction while spectating constraint had no significant effect on spectating satisfaction. Forth, spectating constraint had a significant negative effect on behavioral intention. CONCLUSION In order to revitalize China's spectating sports, Various policies should be established to strengthen the team identity and spectating satisfaction that influences behavioral intention. In addition, policies to strengthen the motivation and to resolve the constraints should be implemented.

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        Quantum-inspired African vultures optimization algorithm with elite mutation strategy for production scheduling problems

        Liu Bojun,Zhou Yongquan,Luo Qifang,Huang Huajuan 한국CDE학회 2023 Journal of computational design and engineering Vol.10 No.4

        The production scheduling (PS) problem is a challenging task that involves assigning manufacturing resources to jobs while ensuring that all constraints are satisfied. The key difficulty in PS is determining the appropriate order of operations. In this study, we propose a novel optimization algorithm called the quantum-inspired African vultures optimization algorithm with an elite mutation strategy (QEMAVOA) to address this issue. QEMAVOA is an enhanced version of the African vulture optimization algorithm that incorporates three new improvement strategies. Firstly, to enhance QEMAVOA’s diversification ability, the population diversity is enriched by the introduction of quantum double-chain encoding in the initialization phase of QEMAVOA. Secondly, the implementation of the quantum rotating gate will balance QEMAVOA’s diversification and exploitation capabilities, leading the vulture to a better solution. Finally, with the purpose of improving the exploitability of QEMAVOA, the elite mutation strategy is introduced. To evaluate the performance of QEMAVOA, we apply it to two benchmark scheduling problems: flexible job shop scheduling problem and parallel machine scheduling. The results are compared to those of existing algorithms in the literature. The test results reveal that QEMAVOA surpasses comparison algorithms in accuracy, stability, and speed of convergence.

      • Exploring Research Trend on Physical Activity of Older Adults Using Semantic Network Analysis

        ( Detong Hu ),( Kyungsik Kim ),( Bojun Liu ),( Min Mao ) 아시아스포츠융합과학회 2020 Asia Pacific Journal of Applied Sport Sciences Vol.1 No.1

        PURPOSE The purpose of this study was: (1) To investigate the network evolution processes to understand research trends in physical activity of older adults and (2) To examine the contribution of keyword and keyword aggregation groups to the knowledge structure of physical activity of older adults. METHOD This study is conducted to search journal articles on NDSL site to identify research trends related to physical activity of older adults. To achieve this goal, we performed semantic network analysis on 1,170 papers of 162 international journals related the studies on physical activity of older adults, which were published between 1990 and 2019. The Net-Miner was employed to conduct the semantic network analysis. RESULT The results are as follows: First, there appeared little change in the research trend related the studies on physical activity of older adults. Although slight cyclical changes were found, there was no significant paradigm shift. Second, in the past 29 year, only a few key words in the study of physical activity of older adults have contributed to the formation of intellectual structure. These key words represent the research trend in the field of physical activity of older adults. CONCLUSION There has been no significant change in the physical activity research area of older adults over the last 29 years. A challenge to new research on physical activity of older adults is needed. In addition, a few core keywords are very important for research in the field of physical activity of older adults.

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        Oxidation of Zhundong subbituminous coal by Fe2+/H2O2 system under mild conditions

        Shuai Chen,Wei Zhou,Mingjun Liu,Guangbo Zhao,Qingxi Cao,Bojun Zhao,Kaikai Kou,Jihui Gao 한국화학공학회 2020 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.37 No.4

        Oxidation of coal under mild conditions is effective not only to understand the macromolecular network structure of coal but also to produce useful chemicals, allowing more efficient application of coal resources. In this work, the mild oxidation of Zhundong subbituminous coal (ZS) by Fe2+/H2O2 system was carried out under various conditions, including [Fe2+]/[H2O2] molar ratio, temperature, H2O2 concentration and oxidation time. The liquid oxidation products were analyzed using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), and the chemical structure changes were studied using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results suggest that the oxidation efficiency of ZS with H2O2 is enhanced with the aid of Fe2+. The optimum conditions were determined to be [Fe2+]/[H2O2] molar ratio of 0.00453, H2O2 concentration of 3mol/L, 60 oC and 4 h according to the oxidation conversion rate. In total, 25 compounds were identified, which could be categorized as six group components. Most of them are valuedadded chemicals, and the content of benzene carboxylic acids is the highest among them, making up 29.99% of all group components in total relative content (TRC). -CH2- should be primary bridge connecting the aromatic rings, and alkylene chains linking three aromatic rings are abundant in ZS.

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