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Online Higher Education in Hong Kong : The state, the Market, and the Universities
POON, LAI-MAN,PHILIP KWOK-FAI HUI 이화여자대학교 국제통상협력연구소 2001 Jounal of APEC Studies Vol.3 No.1
Global trends have led to marketization of higher education. The rapid development of Information Technology and the Internet challenge the established paradigms of educational enterprise. Hong Kong has restructured its economy in line with the Asian Pacific region and is undergoing change in order to establish itself as service based and technologically driven. This paper addresses online higher education in Hong Kong, with a focus on non-government funded continuing and professional education. Three cases of online education courses organized by public funded universities are identified together with online higher and continuing education in the private sector. Public-private partnership is developed between the higher education institutes(HEI) and the online education service providers. The state intervention is only on traditional higher education programmes but the area of cyber education for adults is left to the market.
Anderson Chun On Tsang,Simon Sui Man Lai,Wai Choi Chung,Abraham Yik Sau Tang,Gilberto Ka Kit Leung,Alexander Kai Kei Poon,Alfred Cheuk Hang Yu,Kwok Wing Chow 대한초음파의학회 2015 ULTRASONOGRAPHY Vol.34 No.2
Purpose: The aim of this study was to validate a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulationof flow-diverter treatment through Doppler ultrasonography measurements in patient-specificmodels of intracranial bifurcation and side-wall aneurysms. Methods: Computational and physical models of patient-specific bifurcation and sidewallaneurysms were constructed from computed tomography angiography with use ofstereolithography, a three-dimensional printing technology. Flow dynamics parametersbefore and after flow-diverter treatment were measured with pulse-wave and color Dopplerultrasonography, and then compared with CFD simulations. Results: CFD simulations showed drastic flow reduction after flow-diverter treatment in bothaneurysms. The mean volume flow rate decreased by 90% and 85% for the bifurcation aneurysmand the side-wall aneurysm, respectively. Velocity contour plots from computer simulationsbefore and after flow diversion closely resembled the patterns obtained by color Dopplerultrasonography. Conclusion: The CFD estimation of flow reduction in aneurysms treated with a flow-divertingstent was verified by Doppler ultrasonography in patient-specific phantom models of bifurcationand side-wall aneurysms. The combination of CFD and ultrasonography may constitute a feasibleand reliable technique in studying the treatment of intracranial aneurysms with flow-diverting stents.