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강나경,Julianne Townsend,Kuan Lim Khu 경북대학교 사회과학연구원 2023 사회과학 담론과 정책 Vol.16 No.2
How laws on homosexuality impact its social acceptance remains a pertinent question. Although there is a global trend towards liberalizing laws related to homosexuality, punitive measures still persist in many countries. This study analyzes the social discourse of Taiwan and Korea, two societies with different levels of institutional protection of homosexuality. Changes in themes depicted in newspaper articles revealed changes in the two societies’ social discourse before and after the judicial decision to legislate same-sex marriage during Tsai Ing-wen’s first term (2016-2020) in Taiwan and the attempt to legislate an anti-discrimination law during the Moon Jae-in’s presidency in Korea (2017-2022). Since this institutional intervention, both societies’ newspaper coverage on inclusive themes relating to homosexuality within civil society and political leaders have increased. However, negative and hostile themes have not changed significantly, but to varying degrees. Furthermore, this study confirms each society’s unique national context. In particular, foreign legal precedent and China were discussed in Taiwan, confirming that related discourse is somewhat linked to its legalization of same-sex marriage. On the other hand, most of the Korean discourse was aimed to confirm politicians' stances on homosexuality, which was also closely related to the military's anti-homosexuality criminal law and opposition from conservative Christian organizations. This study revealed social changes through an exploratory research of social discourse related to homosexuality during transitional periods. The result emphasizes the pivotal role of the political elites in promoting social acceptance of homosexuality, and empirically reveals the need for a combined legislation and judicial decision when dealing with legislation pertaining to homosexuality, as demonstrated in Taiwan’s case.
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