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Kobayashi Masaharu,Wu Jixuan,Sawabe Yoshiki,Takuya Saraya,Hiramoto Toshiro 나노기술연구협의회 2022 Nano Convergence Vol.9 No.50
Ferroelectric memory devices are expected for low-power and high-speed memory applications. HfO 2 -based fer- roelectric is attracting attention for its CMOS-compatibility and high scalability. Mesoscopic-scale grains, of which size is almost comparable to device size, are formed in HfO 2 -based ferroelectric poly-crystalline thin films, which largely influences electrical characteristics in memory devices. It is important to study the impact of mesoscopic-scale grain formation on the electrical characteristics. In this work, first, we have studied the thickness dependence of the polarization switching kinetics in HfO 2 -based ferroelectric. While static low-frequency polarization is comparable for different thickness, dynamic polarization switching speed is slower in thin Hf 0.5 Zr 0.5 O 2 (HZO) capacitors. Based on the analysis using the NLS model and physical characterization, thinner HZO contains smaller grains with orientation non-uniformity and more grain boundaries than thicker HZO, which can impede macroscopic polarization switching. We have also theoretically and experimentally studied the polar-axis alignment of a HfO 2 -based ferroelectric thin film. While in-plane polar orientation is stable in as-grown HZO, out-of-plane polarization can be dominant by applying electric field, which indicates the transition from in-plane polar to out-of-plane polar orientation in the ferroelectric phase grains. This is confirmed by calculating kinetic pathway using ab-initio calculation.
Permeability imaging in granitic rocks based on surface resistivity profiling
Sudo Hiroshi,Tanaka Toshikazu,Kobayashi Tsuyoshi,Kondo Tatsutoshi,Takahashi Toru,Miyamoto Masaharu,Amagai Mitsuru Korean Society of Earth and Exploration Geophysici 2004 지구물리와 물리탐사 Vol.7 No.1
In order to image the distribution of permeability in granitic rocks, we carried out two-dimensional (2D) resistivity profiling, together with in-situ permeability tests, electrical logging of boreholes, and resistivity measurements of rock core samples in a laboratory. Based on the electrical logging and in-situ permeability data from boreholes, we obtained empirical equations which relate resistivity and permeability of the granitic rocks in the area studied. We then applied the empirical equation to a 2D resistivity section, to produce a 2D permeability section of the granitic rocks. In this paper, we present details of the field data and of the procedure for conversion from the resistivity section to a permeability section. The observed relationship between resistivity and permeability of the rocks is also discussed.