Mechanism underlying 2n male and female gamete formation in lemon via cytological and molecular marker analysis

Kai‑Dong Xie,Qiang‑Ming Xia,Jun Peng,Xiao‑Meng Wu,Zong‑Zhou Xie,Chun‑Li Chen,Wen‑Wu Guo 한국식물생명공학회 2019 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.13 No.2

The unreduced (2n) gametes have long been used in triploid breeding of citrus. In lemon, the previously reported mechanisms for 2n megagametophyte formation were controversial, whereas that for 2n pollen production is still unknown. Herein, the frequency of and mechanism underlying 2n megagametophyte and 2n pollen formation in ‘Eureka’ lemon were investigated based on cytological observation and genotyping of the triploid hybrids between ‘Eureka’ lemon and ‘Early gold’ sweet orange. As a result, 4.79% of the viable pollens of ‘Eureka’ lemon were identified as the 2n pollen with a larger diameter (70.16 ± 3.92 μm). The 2n pollen might be resulted from the formation of parallel spindles at meiosis stage II. Among the 204 plantlets regenerated from embryo rescue following the sexual cross, 12 were triploids as identified by flow cytometry. According to the analysis of heterozygosity transmission using 13 pericentromeric single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers and 20 randomly distributed simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, 11 triploids were identified to be originated from the fertilization of 2n megagametophytes of ‘Eureka’ lemon, with a frequency of 5.39%. Among them, nine 2n megagametophytes were supposed to be arisen from the second division restitution (SDR), whereas the other two were from postmeiotic genome doubling (PMD). These results to understand the mechanism underlying 2n gamete formation in lemon are valuable for its efficient polyploid breeding.

어머니의 거부적 양육태도로 인한 반항적/적대적 행동문제 유아의 놀이치료 사례연구

정계숙,이은하 부산유아교육학회 2003 유아교육논총 Vol.12 No.-

본 연구논 어머니의 거부적 양육으로 인한 반항적이고 적대적인 행동 문제로 일상생황에 부적응을 나타내는 만3세 5개월 된 유아를 대상으로 아동 중심 놀이치료를 실시한 결과에 대한 보고이다. 치료 과정을 탐색단계, 보호의 시험단계, 실험적 치료단계, 그리고 종결단계로 나누고, 그 단계별로 유아-치료자간의 관계와 놀이에 나타난 유아의 정서를 중심으로 유아의 변화를 펴보았다. 그리고 어머니와의 면담과 전화상담을 통한 모자 관계의 변화도 함께 기술하였다. 그 결과, 유아는 놀이치료 과정을 통하여 자신의 내면화된 갈등과 억압을 객관화함으로써 감정을 조절할 수 있게 되었고 자기상(self-image)이 긍정적으로 변화되어 문제행동이 크게 감소되었다. 또한 어머니의 양육태도와 행동의 변화로 모자관계가 바람직한 방향으로 변화되었다. This study aimed to report the effect of child-centered play therapy for a young child with oppositional/defiant behavior problems caused by rejective parenting of mother. The subject was a 3.5 year old girl. According to the 4 stages of play therapy process such as the exploratory stage, the testing for protection stage, the realistic healing stage, and the terminal stage, the changes of child were described qualitatively on the standards of analysis, the child-therapist relationship and the emotion of child expressed in play activities. The changes of mother-child relationship were analyzed on the basis of data from weekly direct interviews and telephone counseling with mother. The results showed that the child could externalize her own internalized conflicts and constraints resulting from inappropriate and rejective parenting and make her emotion objective through the process of play therapy, therefore the problem behaviors were reduced a lot. Having the regular interviews and counseling with therapist, mother could understand the development of her daughter and change her perception of child’s problem behaviors, and these changes made the mother-child relationship positive. It concluded that not with the child’s own changes, but the changes of mother helped her child to develop a positive self-image, and to reduce oppositional/defiant behaviors.

裡里市 公園開發에 關한 硏究 : Centering around Pai San Park

郭桂煥 圓光大學校 1982 論文集 Vol.16 No.2

For the establishment of the inclination of a large Park in middle or Small city is apt to fail many reasons, the establishment of the in clination of the Park in IRi City of which the terrain is plain has to regard the line of movility of citizen and has to develop in small Park and has to emphasize the following : 1. We has to take advantage of the open space which is barren or marsh and has to develop plain. 2. The establishment of on pulclic athletic field is impossible for the national budget and has retain the nonofficial fund.

집단 미술치료 중재 프로그램을 통한 유아의 사회,정서 행동 문제 개선 효과 연구

정계숙,구정희 부산유아교육학회 2004 유아교육논총 Vol.13 No.-

본 연구는 사회 ·정서행동 문제를 가진 유아를 대상으로 집단미술치료 중재 프로그램을 실시하고 집단미술치료 중재프로그램이 유아의 사회 정서행동 문제의 개선에 효과가 있는가를 검토해 보았다. 4, 5세 아동 4명을 대상으로 회기 당 90뿐씩 총 16회기 동안 프로그램을 실시한 후, 각 유아별로 사회 정서행동 문제에 대하여 관찰기록과 비디오 녹화, 교사와 부모와의 면담결과를 중심으로 그 변화틀 질적으로 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 집단미술치료 중재 프로그램은 유아의 행동문제의 유형에 따라 개인차는 있으나 유아의 다양한 사회·정서적 행동문제의 개선에 효과적이었다. The study aimed to examine the effects of a group art therapy intervention program for young children with social and emotional problem behaviors on improving the problem behaviors. The program developed on the basis of natural intervention approach was consisted of group art therapy activity, free play and interaction time including snack time, hello time and evaluation time. It run for 90 minutes once a week through conjecutive 16 weeks. The data from observation sheet of social and emotional problem behaviors and interviewing sheet for mothers and teachers was analyzed for each child. With some individual differences each child's problem behaviors were remarkably improved. The result were discussed on the point of developing group art therapy intervention program for young children with social and emotional difficulties.

어머니의 발달지체유아에 대한 유관적 상호작용 행동 중재 효과 연구

정계숙,윤갑정 부산대학교 영유아보육연구소 2001 영유아보육연구 Vol.7 No.-

The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in contingent interaction behaviors of mothers with developmentally delayed young children through the intervention program for better mother-child interactions. The subjects were four children with developmental delays and their mothers who not received parent education program ever. The intervention program was consisted of 16 sessions and each session had intervention activities which were selected to improve negative and non-contingent interaction behaviors between mothers and their young children with developmental delays. The effects of the mother-child interaction program were presented by analyzing the changes in the frequencies of contingent interaction behaviors, each of attempts and responses behaviors, between children and their mothers and describing the characteristic behaviors which explained the changes of their contingent interaction behaviors through the analysis of the play behavior episodes between each dyads. The effects of the program were as follows. First, the frequencies of contingent attempt and response behaviors of the mothers increased through the mother-child interaction intervention program. Second, the contingent attempt and response behaviors of the mothers were improved qualitatively through the mother-child interaction intervention program. The results were discussed on the point of developing the better intervention program practices for mothers with young children with developmental delays and suggested some implications for it.

따뜻한 유아교육공동체 형성을 위한 구성원의 공통 핵심 역량 요소 탐색

정계숙,윤갑정,박희경 부산대학교 과학교육연구소 2016 교사교육연구 Vol.55 No.2

The purpose of the study was to examine the community members’ core competences for forming a ‘warm’ early childhood educational community as an ideal model of early childhood education. For this purpose, 6 people including parents, teacher, practician in the communal childcare cooperatives and 6 people including professors, directors teacher, school supervisor participated in the Focus Group Interview (FGI). The results were as follows: The first core competencies for developing a ‘warm’ early childhood educational community was sense of partnership which was characterized by; ‘understanding each other and warm hearted sympathy’, ‘a common purpose for children’s future’, ‘forgiveness and accepting each other’s differences’, and ‘meeting for building a positive relationship’. The second core competencies for developing a ‘warm’ early childhood educational community was sharing of key values between members which was characterized by; ‘establishment of self-identity and community identity’, ‘sharing perspectives and values on education’, ‘willingness for learning together in daily life’ and ‘democratic communication skill and decision-making ability’. Implications for the core competencies development and support toward building a warm early childhood educational community was discussed.

대인간 기술(People Skills) 증진 프로그램의 효과 연구(Ⅰ)

정계숙,심미경 부산대학교 영유아보육연구소 1998 영유아보육연구 Vol.4 No.-

The study aimed at implementing the social enhancement program, named the People Skills Program for children with problems of social development and describing the effects of the program. As a group counseling program, the People Skills Program was focused on enhancement of children's self-understanding and social skills. Four children from four elementary schools were target children referred by their mother and teachers to the Counseling Depart of Child Educare Research Institutel, Pusan National University. Two boys were in the 3rd grade and two girls were in the 2nd grade. The K-ABC Intelligence Test and the Social Skill Rating Scale were applied to identify whether the developmental charcteristics of the referred children were suitable for the program and the development levels of social skills of the target children. With annecdotal records for 12 sessions, each of the sessions took 90 minutes, once a week, the behavioral changes of the target children were analyzed. Effects of the program were described and discussed.

교육연극을 적용한 집단상담프로그램이 유아의 친사회적 행동 증진에 미치는 영향 : 또래관계 형성이 어려운 유아를 중심으로

정계숙,김미정,김정은 부산대학교 영유아보육연구소 2002 영유아보육연구 Vol.8 No.-

This study examined the applicability of creative drama to group intervention for poorly accepted elementary school children. The study was one of the planned variations study series for identifying the effectiveness of the social and emotional difficulties or developmental delays by the Child Counselling and Intervention Center Child Educare Research Institute, PNU since 1998. The goal of the program was to improve prosocial behavior through creative drama on emotion regulation and social skill. The subjects were 6 children, age 10∼13, with poorly accepted elementary school children. The program was composed of total 16 sessions for 16 weeks. Each session was implemented for 90 minutes by intervenient. Every child was observed and recorded on 3∼4 target behaviors after the 4th session. The behavior episodes of each of children were described through all sessions by the assigned observers for each child. The effects of the program were described with qualitative analysis and the behavior episodes related each child's target behaviors. The changes of target behaviors and other related prosocial behaviors of children were different to children. It was concluded that the group intervention program intended to improve prosocial behavior through the creative drama was generally effective for poorly accepted children.

통합교육을 위한 부모교육 프로그램 개발의 기초 연구

정계숙 釜山大學校 師範大學 1999 교사교육연구 Vol.37 No.-

鐵筋콘크리트 기둥의 安全率에 關한 硏究

金桂煥 圓光大學校 1986 論文集 Vol.20 No.2

本 硏究는 중심축 하중을 받는 철근콘크리트의 短柱인 띠 철든기둥과 나선 철근기둥의 안전율을 强度設計를 기준하여 許容應力設計法에 대해 다음과 같이 비교 고찰한 것이다. 첫째, 강도설계에 의한 철근콘크리트 기둥의 안전율을 사하중과 활하중의 구성비에 따라 비교하였다. 둘째, 허용응력 설계에 의한 철근콘크리트 기둥의 안전율을 재료의 강도 및 철근비에 따라 비교하였다. 셋째, 허용응력 설계에서 안전율을 기둥의 총단면적을 사용할 때와 순단면적을 사용할 때로 구분하여 비교하였다. 수치해석 결과, 강도설계에서는 하중계수비의 差에 따른 안전율은 그다지 크지 않다. 허용응력 설계에서는 재료의 강도 및 철근비에 따른 안전율은 일정하지 않으며, 강도설계에 비해 그 값이 크고 그 差가 비교적 크다. 따라서 허용응력 설계법은 강도설계법에 비해 비경제적임을 알 수 있다. This study is concerned with the safety factor of axially loaded concrete column designed by strength desigh and working stress design. The safety factor of reinforced concrete columns by strength Design is constant regardless of the strength of the materials and the percentage of reinforcing steel, although it show small difference depending upon the ratio of live load to dead load. The safety factor of the same reinforced concnete columns by working stress design is higher than that by strength design and varies depending upon the strength of materials and the percentage of steel. With those results, strength desigh is more preferable to working stress design as far as the safety factor of reinforce concrete columns is concerned.