http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
- 中文 을 입력하시려면 zhongwen을 입력하시고 space를누르시면됩니다.
- 北京 을 입력하시려면 beijing을 입력하시고 space를 누르시면 됩니다.
RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : Jose Galindo (검색결과 2 건)
- 무료
- 기관 내 무료
- 유료
-
EGR TRANSIENT OPERATIONS IN HIGHLY DYNAMIC DRIVING CYCLES
Jose Galindo,Hector Climent,Benjamin Pla,Chaitanya Patil 한국자동차공학회 2020 International journal of automotive technology Vol.21 No.4
EGR is one of the proven and well tested strategies within the specific operating range of the engine. Necessity of an implementation of this exhaust gas recirculation all over the engine operating range is emerging. Therefore, a systematic study has been carried out to identify the specific and frequent transient operations on newly developed dynamic cycles like WLTC and RDE. To perform detailed observations, these transients are imitated individually on the diesel engine test bench. High frequency gas analyzers are used to track the instantaneous CO2 and NOx concentration respectively at the intake and exhaust lines of the engine. A parametric study has been carried out using different valve movement profiles of the LPEGR and HPEGR during severe engine load change operations. An analysis is presented suggesting the best suited valve control during these harsh transients which can be helpful for transient calibration of a turbocharged diesel engine. The effect of length of Long route LPEGR line is also acknowledged. This study reveals the dynamic behavior of a diesel engine during transient operation with exhaust gas recirculation. It outlines the trade-off between performance and NOx emission and opacity for the initial phase of the transient before acquiring the steady state situation.
-
pep27 and LytA in Vancomycin-Tolerant Pneumococci
( Alma Olivares ),( Jose Olivares Trejo ),( Jose Arellano Galindo ),( Gerardo Zuniga ),( Gerardo Escalona ),( Juan Carlos Vigueras ),( Paula Marin ),( Juan Xicohtencatl ),( Pedro Valencia ),( Norma Ve 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2011 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.21 No.12
Vancomycin therapy failure due to the emergence of tolerance in pneumococci is increasing. The molecular mechanism of tolerance is not clear, but lytA and pep27 are known to be involved. Our aim was to evaluate the expression of both genes in vancomycin-tolerant Streptococcus pneumoniae (VTSP) strains. Eleven VTSP strains from a total of 309 clinical isolates of S. pneumoniae from 1997 to 2006 were classified according to the criteria of Liu and Tomasz. All VTSP strains were evaluated for susceptibility according to CLSI criteria, serotype by the Quellung test, and clonality by PFGE. The expressions of lytA and pep27 were analyzed in different growth phases by RT-PCR with and without vancomycin. Eighty-two percent of VTSP strains showed resistance to penicillin, and 100% were sensitive to vancomycin and cefotaxime. The most frequent serotypes of VTSP strains were 23F (4/11) and 6B (3/11). Clonal relationship was observed in only two strains. No significant changes were observed in pep27 expression in the three phases of growth in VTSP strains with and without vancomycin. Interestingly, pep27 expression in the stationary phase in the non-tolerant reference strain R6 was significantly higher. However, no significant differences in lytA expression were observed between VTSP and R6 strains during the phases of growth analyzed. The absence of changes in pep27 expression in VTSP strains in the stationary phase may be related to their ability to tolerate high antibiotic concentrations, and thus, they survive and remain in the host under the antibiotic selective pressure reflected in therapeutic failure.
ScienceON
KISS연관 검색어 추천
이 검색어로 많이 본 자료
활용도 높은 자료
