Effect of Low-Intensity Transcranial Focused Ultrasound Stimulation in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Sham-Controlled Clinical Trial

Jooyoung Oh,Jin Sun Ryu,Junhyung Kim,Soojeong Kim,Hyu Seok Jeong,Kyung Ran Kim,Hyun-Chul Kim,Seung-Schik Yoo,Jeong-Ho Seok 대한신경정신의학회 2024 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.21 No.8

Objective Low-intensity transcranial focused ultrasound (tFUS) has emerged as a promising non-invasive brain stimulation modality with high spatial selectivity and the ability to reach deep brain areas. The present study aimed to investigate the safety and effectiveness of low-intensity tFUS in treating major depressive disorder. Methods Participants were recruited in an outpatient clinic and randomly assigned to either the verum tFUS or sham stimulation group. The intervention group received six sessions of tFUS stimulation to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex over two weeks. Neuropsycho-logical assessments were conducted before and after the sessions. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) was also performed to evaluate changes in functional connectivity (FC). The primary outcome measure was the change in depressive symptoms, assessed with the Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). Results The tFUS stimulation sessions were well tolerated without any undesirable side effects. The analysis revealed a significant main effect of session sequence on the MADRS scores and significant interactions between the session sequences and groups. The rsfMRI anal-ysis showed a higher FC correlation between the right superior part of the subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (sgACC) and several oth-er brain regions in the verum group compared with the sham group. Conclusion Our results reveal that tFUS stimulation clinically improved MADRS scores with network-level modulation of a sgACC subregion. This randomized, sham-controlled clinical trial, the first study of its kind, demonstrated the safety and probable efficacy of tFUS stimulation for the treatment of depression.

Prediction and early detection of delirium in the intensive care unit by using heart rate variability and machine learning

Oh, Jooyoung,Cho, Dongrae,Park, Jaesub,Na, Se Hee,Kim, Jongin,Heo, Jaeseok,Shin, Cheung Soo,Kim, Jae-Jin,Park, Jin Young,Lee, Boreom IOP 2018 Physiological measurement Vol.39 No.3

<P> <I>Objective</I>: Delirium is an important syndrome found in patients in the intensive care unit (ICU), however, it is usually under-recognized during treatment. This study was performed to investigate whether delirious patients can be successfully distinguished from non-delirious patients by using heart rate variability (HRV) and machine learning. <I>Approach</I>: Electrocardiography data of 140 patients was acquired during daily ICU care, and HRV data were analyzed. Delirium, including its type, severity, and etiologies, was evaluated daily by trained psychiatrists. HRV data and various machine learning algorithms including linear support vector machine (SVM), SVM with radial basis function (RBF) kernels, linear extreme learning machine (ELM), ELM with RBF kernels, linear discriminant analysis, and quadratic discriminant analysis were utilized to distinguish delirium patients from non-delirium patients. <I>Main results</I>: HRV data of 4797 ECGs were included, and 39 patients had delirium at least once during their ICU stay. The maximum classification accuracy was acquired using SVM with RBF kernels. Our prediction method based on HRV with machine learning was comparable to previous delirium prediction models using massive amounts of clinical information. <I>Significance</I>: Our results show that autonomic alterations could be a significant feature of patients with delirium in the ICU, suggesting the potential for the automatic prediction and early detection of delirium based on HRV with machine learning.</P>

소형 전기굴삭기 붐선회용 전기-유압 구동 시스템 설계

오주영(JooYoung Oh),조정우(JungWoo Cho),김건우(KunWoo Kim),유석준(SukJoon Yu),홍용(Youg Hong) 대한기계학회 2017 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2017 No.11

TTA의 JTC1/SC27 정보보안 분야 국가표준개발 현황

김주영(Jooyoung Kim),오홍룡(Heung Ryong Oh),오구영(Ku Yeong Oh),박정식(Jung Sik Park),진병문(Byoung Moon Chin) 한국통신학회 2009 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.11

『어린이』잡지 속 애화 연구

오주영(Oh Jooyoung) 한국아동청소년문학학회 2017 아동청소년문학연구 Vol.- No.20

This thesis closely analyzed 12 pathetic stories published in Eorini. This paper was intended to determine what inherent feature these texts had which spanned a wide range of genres from coverage materials to creative works. The first feature of the pathetic story is sorrowfulness. The sorrowfulness of the pathetic story derives from the character’s situation. The characters undergo the tragic incidents or are faced with the situation they cannot bear. These situations or incidents proceed in a painful direction and are finalized with tears. The second feature of the pathetic story is the reality. The pathetic story uses the device of the reality in the text for readers to feel as if the incident took place really. The narrator intervenes to emphasize the incident took place really and the place where the incident took place is described concretely as if that place is really somewhere or the name of the place is revealed clearly. This story also embodies the reality issue or social issue general people encounter in the daily life. The third feature of the pathetic story is the fictiveness. The pathetic story does not necessarily embody the things that took place actually. A lot of pathetic stories are the fictional creations and let readers think that story is a true story by means of the device of reality. Lots of writings published as the pathetic stories are included in the boy novel to be discussed because of this fictiveness. This study that determined the features of pathetic story will be a foundation of the work that analyzes the pathetic story in the period context in the future.

Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Expanded in Human Allogenic Cord Blood Serum Display Higher Self-Renewal and Enhanced Osteogenic Potential

Jung, Jooyoung,Moon, Noory,Ahn, Ji-Yeon,Oh, Eun-Jee,Kim, Myungshin,Cho, Chul-Soo,Shin, Jong-Chul,Oh, Il-Hoan Mary Ann Liebert 2009 STEM CELLS AND DEVELOPMENT Vol.18 No.4

<P>Recent clinical trials using ex vivo expanded mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have raised interest in the safety and function of cultured MSCs. Here, to assess the feasibility of using allogenic human umbilical cord blood serum (CBS) for humanized clinical-grade expansion of MSCs, we characterized MSCs expanded in CBS and compared them to MSCs expanded in fetal bovine serum (FBS). MSCs in CBS exhibited a higher preservation of colony-forming cells and an accelerated expansion over serial passages with increased Oct-4 expression compared to those cultured in FBS. Notably, CBS-expanded MSCs exhibited a unique differentiation potential characterized by a shift from adipogenic to osteogenic differentiation. The differentiation shift was associated with enhanced basal and Runx2-mediated transcriptional activation of the osteocalcin promoter, as well as increased accumulation of beta-catenin and the yes-associated protein (YAP) which was independent of changes in TAZ (transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif) levels. Interestingly, the phenotypes were reversed when the FBS and CBS media were switched, suggesting the unique stimulatory effects of CBS rather than the selection of heterogeneous MSC subpopulations. The distinct regulatory effects of CBS on MSC included selective activation of platelet-derived growth factor and epidermal growth factor signals in MSCs, but not in FBS. Taken together, these results provide insight into the dynamic regulation of MSCs during ex vivo culture and show that the ex vivo culture of MSCs in allogenic human CBS provides a novel tool for the accelerated expansion of a population of MSCs that exhibit a higher self-renewal and an enhanced osteogenic potential.</P>

직접 제어 방식을 이용한 지게차용 자동변속기의 클러치 유압시스템 모델링 및 해석

오주영(Jooyoung Oh),이근호(GeunHo Lee),김도식(DooSik Kim),이준혁(JunHyuk Lee),황광진(Kwangjin Hwang),이상호(SangHo Lee) 한국자동차공학회 2006 한국자동차공학회 춘 추계 학술대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-

Automatic transmission is consisted of geartrain, valve body, proportional control valve, electronic control unit and friction element that is consisted of clutch, brake, etc. Hydraulic control system effects directly shift quality which is important criterion estimated performance of automatic transmission. In this study, there is a purpose to enhance shift quality for forklift truck automatic transmission. The clutch hydraulic system using direct type control is modeled and analyzed. In this clutch hydraulic systeme, single cartridge type proportional valves are applied. Reduced torque method is suggested by duty ratio using PWM signal in clutch engagement pressure.

MXene supported CoxAy (A = OH, P, Se) electrocatalysts for overall water splitting: unveiling the role of anions in intrinsic activity and stability

Selvam, N. Clament Sagaya,Lee, Jooyoung,Choi, Gwan H.,Oh, Min Jun,Xu, Shiyu,Lim, Byungkwon,Yoo, Pil J. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2019 Journal of Materials Chemistry A Vol.7 No.48

<P>The development of efficient and stable bifunctional catalysts that outperform noble metal catalysts is a crucial task and an ongoing challenge for sustainable water electrolysis. In this work, large-size-exfoliated MXene sheets render a flat and flexible platform for the decoration of Co(OH)F, CoP and Co7Se8, allowing them to exhibit high electrocatalytic performances; thanks to the maximized surface area and conductivity. CoP/MXene shows enhanced oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity, with substantially lower overpotential (<I>η</I> = 230 mV) at 10 mA cm<SUP>−2</SUP> compared to those of IrO2 (300 mV). Furthermore, a hybrid bifunctional electrode (CoP/MXene//CoP/MXene) exhibits highly stable and efficient overall water splitting performance (1.56 V@10 mA cm<SUP>−2</SUP>) as compared to the benchmark electrode couple IrO2/C//Pt/C (1.62 V@10 mA cm<SUP>−2</SUP>) in alkaline solution. Furthermore, we elucidate the oxidation process of the anion components (P and Se) of the hybrid catalysts under OER conditions and verify their significant influence on the activity and stability. Notably, the surface oxidation of CoP/MXene results in a POx-enriched Co-OOH/CoP/MXene hybrid, which enables retention of consistent activity and stability. On the other hand, SeOx deposition on the Co-OOH/Co7Se8/MXene surface significantly deteriorates the activity and stability of the catalyst. These results not only highlight the insight on the correlation between oxidized anion species and the intrinsic activity of hybridized electrocatalysts but also impart the systematic synthetic design of MXene-supported catalysts with high water-splitting efficiency.</P>

The Relationship between Delirium and Statin Use According to Disease Severity in Patients in the Intensive Care Unit

Jun Yong An(Jun Yong An),Jin Young Park(Jin Young Park),Jaehwa Cho(Jaehwa Cho),Hesun Erin Kim(Hesun Erin Kim),Jaesub Park(Jaesub Park),Jooyoung Oh(Jooyoung Oh) 대한정신약물학회 2023 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.21 No.1

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the use of statins and the occurrence of delirium in a large cohort of patients in the intensive care unit (ICU), considering disease severity and statin properties. Methods: We obtained clinical and demographical information from 3,604 patients admitted to the ICU from January 2013 to April 2020. This included information on daily statin use and delirium state, as assessed by the Confusion Assessment Method for ICU. We used inverse probability of treatment weighting and categorized the patients into four groups based on the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score (group 1: 0−10 - mild; group 2: 11−20 - mild to moderate; group 3: 21−30 - moderate to severe; group 4: > 30 - severe). We analyzed the association between the use of statin and the occurrence of delirium in each group, while taking into account the properties of statins. Results: Comparisons between statin and non-statin patient groups revealed that only in group 2, patients who were administered statin showed significantly higher occurrence of delirium (p = 0.004, odds ratio [OR] = 1.58) compared to the patients who did not receive statin. Regardless of whether statins were lipophilic (p = 0.036, OR = 1.47) or hydrophilic (p = 0.032, OR = 1.84), the occurrence of delirium was higher only in patients from group 2. Conclusion: The use of statins may be associated with the increases in the risk of delirium occurrence in patients with mild to moderate disease severity, irrespective of statin properties.

Performance Evaluation of Body Fluid Cellular Analysis Using the Beckman Coulter UniCel DxH 800, Sysmex XN-350, and UF-5000 Automated Cellular Analyzers

Jooyoung Cho,Joowon Oh,Sang-Guk Lee,You-Hee Lee,Jaewoo Song,Jeong-HoKim 대한진단검사의학회 2020 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.40 No.2

Background: Automated cellular analyzers are expected to improve the analytical performance in body fluid (BF) analysis. We evaluated the analytical performance of three automated cellular analyzers and established optimum reflex analysis guidelines. Methods: A total of 542 BF samples (88 cerebrospinal fluid [CSF] samples and 454 non-CSF samples) were examined using manual counting and three automated cellular analyzers: UniCel DxH 800 (Beckman Coulter), XN-350 (Sysmex), and UF-5000 (Sysmex). Additionally, 2,779 BF analysis results were retrospectively reviewed. For malignant cell analysis, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used, and the detection of high fluorescence-BF cells (HF-BFs) using the XN-350 analyzer was compared with cytology results. Results: All three analyzers showed good agreement for total nucleated cell (TNC) and red blood cell (RBC) counts, except for the RBC count in CSF samples using the UniCel DxH 800. However, variable degrees of differences were observed during differential cell counting. For malignant cell analysis, the area under the curve was 0.63 for the XN-350 analyzer and 0.76 for manual counting. We established our own reflex analysis guidelines as follows: HF-BFs <0.7/100 white blood cells (WBCs) is the criterion for quick scans with 100× magnification microscopic examination as a rule-out cut-off, while HF-BFs >83.4/100 WBCs or eosinophils >3.8% are the criteria for mandatory double check confirmation with 1,000× magnification examination. Conclusions: The three automated analyzers showed good analytical performances. Application of reflex analysis guidelines is recommended for eosinophils and HF-BFs, and manual confirmation is warranted.