Aurora kinase A induces migration and invasion by inducing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in colon cancer cells

On-Yu Hong,Sang Yull Kang,Eun-Mi Noh,Hong-Nu Yu,Hye-Yeon Jang,Seong-Hun Kim,Jingyu Hong,Eun Yong Chung,Jong-Suk Kim 생화학분자생물학회 2022 BMB Reports Vol.55 No.2

Aurora kinase is a family of serine/threonine kinases intimatelyassociated with mitotic progression and the development ofhuman cancers. Studies have shown that aurora kinases areimportant for the protein kinase C (PKC)-induced invasion ofcolon cancer cells. Recent studies have shown that aurora kinaseA promotes distant metastasis by inducing epithelial-to-mesenchymaltransition (EMT) in colon cancer cells. However, the roleof aurora kinase A in colon cancer metastasis remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of aurora kinase A onPKC-induced cell invasion, migration, and EMT in human SW480colon cancer cells. Treatment with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) changed the expression levels of EMT markers,increasing α-SMA, vimentin, and MMP-9 expression and decreasingE-cadherin expression, with changes in cell morphology. TPA treatment induced EMT in a PKC-dependent manner. Moreover,the inhibition of aurora kinase A by siRNAs and inhibitors(reversine and VX-680) suppressed TPA-induced cell invasion,migration, and EMT in SW480 human colon cells. Inhibition ofaurora kinase A blocked TPA-induced vimentin and MMP-9 expression,and decreased E-cadherin expression. Furthermore, theknockdown of aurora kinase A decreased the transcriptionalactivity of NF-κB and AP-1 in PKC-stimulated SW480 cells. Thesefindings indicate that aurora kinase A induces migration andinvasion by inducing EMT in SW480 colon cancer cells. To thebest of our knowledge, this is the first study that showed aurorakinase A is a key molecule in PKC-induced metastasis in coloncancer cells.

Fabrication of magnetically recyclable ZrO2-TiO2/CoFe2O4 hollow core/shell photocatalysts: Improving photocatalytic efficiency under sunlight irradiation

Hong-xia Jing,Jing Huang,Na Li,Long-xiang Li,Jingyue Zhang 한국화학공학회 2019 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.36 No.4

TiO2 is an important material for photocatalytic oxidation to degrade organic pollutants, but its utilization under visible light is low, recovery is difficult, and stability is poor. We prepared ZrO2-TiO2/CoFe2O4 (Zr-Ti/Co) photocatalyst with hollow core-shell structure by sol-gel method and layer-by-layer self-assembly method with tetrabutyl titanate and Zirconium n-butoxide as main raw materials. The samples were characterized and analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), solid ultraviolet visible diffuse reflection (UV-Vis DRS), fluorescence (FL), ultraviolet visible absorption (UV), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). It is concluded that the TiO2 maintains a good anatase phase structure in the Zr-Ti-Co photocatalyst. Under UV light and sunlight, the degradation rate of the photocatalyst reached 96.1% and 99.7% for 60 min, respectively, for Rhodamine B (10mg/L) reaction system. And after repeated use for five times, it still showed better regeneration and reuse.

Behave Well: How to Win a Pop Vacant Band via Cooperative Spectrum Sensing

( Jingyu Feng ),( Guangyue Lu ),( Hong Chang ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2015 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.9 No.4

Cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) for vacant licensed bands is one of the key techniques in cognitive radio networks. However, current CSS schemes focus on ensuring an efficient cooperation among secondary users (SUs), but ignoring their competition. At the same time when several SUs want to a vacant band, how to win this pop vacant band for an SU becomes more and more important. Inspired by the idea that an SU who always behaves well will win a pop vacant band more easily, we propose a competition scheme called BehaveWell (BW) in this paper. By analyzing the main threats against CSS, competitive coefficient is introduced to evaluate each SU`s past behaviors in CSS. A higher competitive coefficient is very helpful for an SU to win a pop vacant band. This BW scheme can not only enhance a healthy competition among SUs, but also improve the security of CSS. Simulations verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.

MR-compatible DOI-PET detector providing multiple spatial resolution

Sungsoo Hong,Jingyu Yang,Jihoon Kang 한국자기학회 2019 한국자기학회 학술연구발표회 논문개요집 Vol.29 No.1

79-GHz Digital Attenuator-Based Variable-Gain Vector-Sum Phase Shifter With High Linearity

Jang, Jingyu,Kim, Baekhyun,Kim, Choul-Young,Hong, Songcheol THE INSTITUTE OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS 2018 IEEE MICROWAVE AND WIRELESS COMPONENTS LETTERS Vol.28 No.8

<P>A 79-GHz variable-gain vector-sum phase shifter is presented, which consists of 5-bit digital attenuators in respective I and Q paths. It is designed to represent any vectors in the entire IQ plane by controlling the digital attenuators with low phase variations. Variable-gain function can be achieved intrinsically without additional variable-gain circuits. The proposed phase shifter can maintain low phase error at high input powers. The phase shifter provides a root mean square (RMS) phase error of 6.74° with a phase resolution of 11.25°. The gain dynamic range and resolution are 21 and 3 dB, respectively, with an RMS gain error of 1.89 dB.</P>

Colonic Transit Disorder Mediated by Downregulation of Interstitial Cells of Cajal/Anoctamin-1 in Dextran Sodium Sulfate-induced Colitis Mice

Chen Lu,Hongli Lu,Xu Huang,Shaohua Liu,Jingyu Zang,Yujia Li,Jie Chen,Wenxie Xu 대한소화기 기능성질환∙운동학회 2019 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.25 No.2

Background/Aims Interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) and their special calcium-activated chloride channel, anoctamin-1 (ANO1) play pivotal roles in regulating colonic transit. This study is designed to investigate the role of ICC and the ANO1 channel in colonic transit disorder in dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-treated colitis mice. Methods Colonic transit experiment, colonic migrating motor complexes (CMMCs), smooth muscle spontaneous contractile experiments, intracellular electrical recordings, western blotting analysis, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction were applied in this study. Results The mRNA and protein expressions of c-KIT and ANO1 channels were significantly decreased in the colons of DSS-colitis mice. The colonic artificial fecal-pellet transit experiment in vitro was significantly delayed in DSS-colitis mice. The CMMCs and smooth muscle spontaneous contractions were significantly decreased by 5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino)benzoic acid (NPPB), an ANO1 channel blocker, and NG-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME), an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase activity, in DSS-colitis mice compared with that of control mice. Intracellular electrical recordings showed that the amplitude of NPPB-induced hyperpolarization was more positive in DSS-colitis mice. The electric field stimulation-elicited nitric-dependent slow inhibitory junctional potentials were also more positive in DSS-colitis mice than those of control mice. Conclusion The results suggest that colonic transit disorder is mediated via downregulation of the nitric oxide/ICC/ANO1 signalling pathway in DSS-colitis mice.

A W-Band High-Efficiency CMOS Differential Current-Reused Frequency Doubler

Juntaek Oh,Jingyu Jang,Choul-Young Kim,Songcheol Hong THE INSTITUTE OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS 2015 IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters Vol. No.

<P>A W-band differential frequency doubler using a current-reuse configuration in a 65 nm CMOS process is presented in this letter. The differential current-reuse circuit with a second harmonic coupling transformer is introduced to improve conversion gain at small input powers minimizing the effect of the RF bypass capacitor. The proposed circuit achieves a conversion gain of 0.8 ~ -4.2 dB and a fundamental rejection above 19 dB in the input frequency range of 36.5~44 GHz with -4 dBm input power. It has conversion gain variation below 1 dB when the input power varies from -7.4 to 0.1 dBm at 77 GHz. The dc power consumption is 14 mW. It has the highest conversion gain with the smallest chip size of 0.22 mm<SUP>2</SUP> among all V-/W-band CMOS frequency doublers.</P>

Highly efficient W-band 2.5 GHz bandwidth pulse generator with −1 dBm output power in 65 nm CMOS

Juntaek Oh,Jingyu Jang,Songcheol Hong IET 2016 Electronics letters Vol.52 No.3

<P>A W-band 2.5 GHz bandwidth pulse generator comprising a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) and a novel pulse former in a 65 nm CMOS technology is presented. The proposed sub-harmonic pumped pulse former, which plays roles as both a frequency doubler and a pulse former, is designed to obtain high efficiency using a transformer-based current reuse circuit. The VCO is implemented with a parallel combining transformer, which makes it insensitive to load variations due to pulse formation. Measurements show that the pulse generator achieves -1 dBm peak output power at 79 GHz. It can generate 800 ps pulse signals with an RF carrier of 76.1-79.6 GHz, achieving the energy cost rate of 50 pJ/pulse with a 1.25 GHz pulse repetition period.</P>

Colonic Dysmotility in Murine Partial Colonic Obstruction Due to Functional Changes in Interstitial Cells

Qianqian Wang,Jingyu Zang,Xu Huang,Hongli Lu,Wenxie Xu,Jie Chen 대한소화기 기능성질환∙운동학회 2019 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.25 No.4

Background/Aims Interstitial cells play important roles in gastrointestinal (GI) neuro-smooth muscle transmission. The underlying mechanisms of colonic dysmotility have not been well illustrated. We established a partial colon obstruction (PCO) mouse model to investigate the changes of interstitial cells and the correlation with colonic motility. Methods Western blot technique was employed to observe the protein expressions of Kit, platelet-derived growth factor receptor-α (Pdgfra), Ca2+-activated Cl− (Ano1) channels, and small conductance Ca2+- activated K+ (SK) channels. Colonic migrating motor complexes (CMMCs) and isometric force measurements were employed in control mice and PCO mice. Results PCO mice showed distended abdomen and feces excretion was significantly reduced. Anatomically, the colon above the obstructive silicone ring was obviously dilated. Kit and Ano1 proteins in the colonic smooth muscle layer of the PCO colons were significantly decreased, while the expression of Pdgfra and SK3 proteins were significantly increased. The effects of a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor (L-NAME) and an Ano1 channel inhibitor (NPPB) on CMMC and colonic spontaneous contractions were decreased in the proximal and distal colons of PCO mice. The SK agonist, CyPPA and antagonist, apamin in PCO mice showed more effect to the CMMCs and colonic smooth muscle contractions. Conclusions Colonic transit disorder may be due to the downregulation of the Kit and Ano1 channels and the upregulation of SK3 channels in platelet-derived growth factor receptor-α positive (PDGFRα+) cells. The imbalance between interstitial cells of Cajal-Ano1 and PDGFRα-SK3 distribution might be a potential reason for the colonic dysmotility. Background/Aims Interstitial cells play important roles in gastrointestinal (GI) neuro-smooth muscle transmission. The underlying mechanisms of colonic dysmotility have not been well illustrated. We established a partial colon obstruction (PCO) mouse model to investigate the changes of interstitial cells and the correlation with colonic motility. Methods Western blot technique was employed to observe the protein expressions of Kit, platelet-derived growth factor receptor-α (Pdgfra), Ca2+-activated Cl− (Ano1) channels, and small conductance Ca2+- activated K+ (SK) channels. Colonic migrating motor complexes (CMMCs) and isometric force measurements were employed in control mice and PCO mice. Results PCO mice showed distended abdomen and feces excretion was significantly reduced. Anatomically, the colon above the obstructive silicone ring was obviously dilated. Kit and Ano1 proteins in the colonic smooth muscle layer of the PCO colons were significantly decreased, while the expression of Pdgfra and SK3 proteins were significantly increased. The effects of a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor (L-NAME) and an Ano1 channel inhibitor (NPPB) on CMMC and colonic spontaneous contractions were decreased in the proximal and distal colons of PCO mice. The SK agonist, CyPPA and antagonist, apamin in PCO mice showed more effect to the CMMCs and colonic smooth muscle contractions. Conclusions Colonic transit disorder may be due to the downregulation of the Kit and Ano1 channels and the upregulation of SK3 channels in platelet-derived growth factor receptor-α positive (PDGFRα+) cells. The imbalance between interstitial cells of Cajal-Ano1 and PDGFRα-SK3 distribution might be a potential reason for the colonic dysmotility.

Integration of SPDT Antenna Switch With CMOS Power Amplifier and LNA for FMICW Radar Front End

Kim, Baekhyun,Jang, Jingyu,Kim, Choul-Young,Hong, Songcheol Professional Technical Group on Microwace Theory a 2018 IEEE transactions on microwave theory and techniqu Vol.66 No.11

<P>A single-pole double-throw antenna switch integrated with a CMOS power amplifier (PA) and a low-noise amplifier (LNA) by using a three-piece transmission line transformer (TLT) for a frequency-modulated interrupted continuous-wave (FMICW) radar front end is presented. The three-piece TLT consists of a PA output TL, an LNA input TL, and a TL connected to an antenna. Parallel switches and <TEX>$\lambda$</TEX>/4 effective impedance transformers are used to provide high isolation. Due to the effective integration, the chip size and overall insertion loss are reduced significantly. The measured results demonstrate that the proposed switch achieves an insertion loss of 2.2 (2.6) dB with an isolation of 33 (33.4) dB in the antenna-to-LNA input (PA output to antenna) direction. The chip, including the PA, LNA, and switch, for a 79-GHz FMICW radar front end is fabricated in 65-nm CMOS technology, and its size is 0.394 mm<SUP>2</SUP>. The PA output power is 10.2 dBm at 79 GHz, and the LNA gain is 15 dB at 79 GHz. FMICW radar waveforms are successfully generated with the switch in this chip. The measured results verify that the proposed device generates an FMICW radar waveform at the switching frequency at 6 kHz.</P>