Voltae-activated CI￣ Conductance in Cultured Human Melanocytes

Chung, Induk,Kang, Won-Hyoung,Kim, Min-Jung,Lee, Eun-So,Lee, Sungnack 아주대학교 1997 아주의학 Vol.2 No.2

Using the whole-ell patch-clamp technique we recorded Cl^(-) currents in cultured human melanocytes. With high symmetrical Cl^(-) solutions melanocytes expressed time-dependent Cl^(-) currents that did not run down for approximately 30 min. The currents showed voltage-dependent activation and reached a steady-state at about 500 msec during hyperpotarizing pulses. Current vs. voltage relation indicates that the current was activated by more hyperpotarizing voltage Steps, showing inward rectification. Based on conductance vs. voltage relation the half activation voltage of the current was determined tobe -60 mV. When tail current amplitudes were plotted as a function of test pulses, tail current reversed at -10 mV, dose to ECI of 0 mV in this condition, indicating that the observed current was specific Cl^(-) current.

충남대학교 학술림 산책로 훼손실태 및 관리방안에 관한 연구

이준우,김명준,최윤호,전용준,오도교,김민호,이소연,이경형 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2004 농업과학연구 Vol.31 No.2

This study concentrates an the trail of the CNU(Chungnam National University) forest. The amount of use and the pattern of damage are considered, as well as the extent of environmental damage. Finally, some managerial strategies are proposed in connection with sustainable maintenance. The trail of the university forest is composed of three sections; one is the neighborhood park and the Institute of Information Technology/Communications, the second is the Institute of Information Technology/Communications and the Dormitory, and the third section is the Dormitory and the Foreign prof's Apt. The total length of the trail is 2.6km. The daily amount of use is 1,269 visitors per day. The amount of using increased three times the amount of that in 1998. This study shows the pattern of damage of the trail in the order of root-exposure, widening, rock-exposure, deepening and the divergence in the frequency of occurrence of all these factors. Environmental damage is also graded thus: grade 3 is 27.4m, grade 4 is 0.8m, grade 5 is 1.5m, and grade 6 is 0.2m. Accordingly, some managerial strategies were proposed in connection with the sustainable trail maintenance.

소성조건 및 분말도에 따른 소성하수슬러지(CSS)의 포졸란 특성

소형석(Hyoung-Seok So),소승영(Seung-Young So),장칩더르지(Janchivdorj Khulgadai),강재홍(Jae-Hong Kang),이민희(Min-Hi Lee) 한국콘크리트학회 2015 콘크리트학회논문집 Vol.27 No.1

BYOD환경에서 키 생성 및 접근 제어 프로토콜에 관한 연구

민소연(So-Yeon Min),진병욱(Byung-Wook Jin),이광형(Kwang-Hyoung Lee),이근왕(Keun-Wang Lee) 한국콘텐츠학회 2015 한국콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.15 No.5

스마트 기기 사용자의 증가와 통신 기술 발전으로 시간과 장소에 제약 없이 업무환경에 대한 영역이 확대되고 있다. 사용자 개인의 장비를 활용하여 업무에 도입되어지고 있으며, 이를 BYOD(Bring Your On Device)라고 한다. 하지만 기존의 무선 환경에서 발생하고 있는 보안위협에 취약하며, 기업 내부에 의한 중요 정보 유출, 사용자 부주의로 인한 단말기 분실/도난 등으로 인하여 보안취약점이 이슈화 되고 있다. 그러므로 본 논문에서는 BYOD환경에서 사용자 정보 기반으로 세션 키를 생성하여 사용자 권한에 따른 접근 제어 프로토콜에 관하여 연구하였다. 사용자 정보 및 사용자 기기 정보를 기반으로 세션 키를 생성하였으며, 이후 접근제어 프로토콜을 설계하였다. 제안하는 프로토콜은 BYOD 환경 및 무선 랜 환경에서 발생할 수 있는 공격으로부터 보호할 수 있고, 사용자 권한을 관리하여 기업 내부의 중요 콘텐츠 유출로부터 보안 요구사항과 안전성을 강화하였다. Depending on the smart device user growth and development of communication technology, the area about working environment was extended without constraints of time and places. It is introducing to work using users devices and this environment is called ‘BYOD(Bring Your On Device)’. But it is vulnerable to security threat that happened in existing wireless environment and its security threat issue which is caused by inside information leak by an inside job and lost or stolen terminal which is caused by careless user is getting heated. So we studied about access control protocol by user rights under the BYOD situation make a session key based on the user information. We make a session key based on the user information and user device information, after that we design an access control protocol. The protocol we suggest can protect from attack under the BYOD situation and wireless communication situation and also safety and security requirement from inside information leak because it controls user rights.

해상도 조절과 검색순서 조절을 통한 음성부호화기용 복잡도 감소 알고리즘

민소연(Min, So-Yeon),이광형(Lee, Kwang-Hyoung),배명진(Bae, Myung-Jin) 한국산학기술학회 2007 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.8 No.5

일정한 스펙트럼 민감도와 낮은 스펙트럼 왜곡을 보이고 선형 보간이 용이하다는 장점을 갖는 LSP 파라미터는 음성코텍(codec)이나 인식기에서 음성신호를 분석하여 전송형이나 저장형 파라미터로 변환되어, 주로 저전송률 음성부호화기에 사용된다. 그러나 LPC 계수를 LSP로 변환하는 방법이 복잡하여 계산시간이 많이 소요된다는 단점이 있다. 기존의 LSP 변환 방법 중 음성 부호화기에서 주로 사용하는 real root 방법은 근을 구하기 위해 주파수 영역을 순차적으로 검색하기 때문에 계산시간이 많이 소요되는 단점을 갖는다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 알고리즘은 LSP 분포 특성에 따라 검색구간의 순서와 검색간격을 달리하며, 제1 포만트와 제2 포만트의 연관성을 고려하여 검색구간을 조절한다. 기존의 real root 방법과 제안한 방법을 비교한 결과 검색시간이 평균 48.13% 단축되었다. We propose the complexity reduction algorithm of real root method that is mainly used in the Vocoder. The real root method is that if polynomial equations have the real roots, we are able to find those and transform them into LSP(Line Spectrum Pairs). However, this method takes much time to compute, because the root searching is processed sequentially in frequency region. The important characteristic of LSP is that most of coefficients are occurred in specific frequency region. So, the searching frequency region is ordered and adjusted by each coefficient's distribution in this paper. Transformation time can be reduced by proposed algorithm than the sequential searching method in frequency region. When we compare this proposed method with the conventional real root method, the experimental result is that the searching time was reduced about 48% in average.

Short Communication : Analyses of Residual Alkylbenzenes and Its Probabilistic Risk Assessment in Sundried Salts

( So Young Kim ),( Jong Min Park ),( Su Myeong Hong ),( Moo Ki Hong ),( Jin Hyo Kim ),( Geon Jae Im ),( Min Kyoung Paik ),( Jung Im Kim ),( Geun Hyoung Choi ) 한국응용생명화학회(구 한국농화학회) 2011 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.54 No.1

Toluene, ethylbenzene, and three xylenes are known as toxic alkylbenzenes in crude oils. The alkylbenzenes were investigated in sundried salts retailed in Korea. Total contamination of alkylbenzenes was shown to be up to 4.65 ng/g in the salts. Furthermore, hazard quotient of targeted contaminants and hazard index were estimated to be much lower than 1.0 in risk assessment. These results suggested that the associated health risks of alkylbenzenes in sundried salts might be negligible.

Medial Arterial Calcification and the Risk of Amputation of Diabetic Foot Ulcer in Patients With Diabetic Kidney Disease

So Joon Myeong,Park Ji Ho,Kim Jin Gyeong,Park Il Rae,Ha Eun Yeong,Chung Seung Min,Moon Jun Sung,Park Chul Hyun,Yun Woo-Sung,Kim Tae-Gon,Kim Woong,Yoon Ji Sung,Won Kyu Chang,Lee Hyoung Woo 대한의학회 2023 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.38 No.21

We assessed the risk factors for major amputation of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) in patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) stages 3b–5. For DFU assessment, in addition to DFU location and presence of infection, ischemia, and neuropathy, vascular calcification was assessed using the medial arterial calcification (MAC) score. Of 210 patients, 26 (12.4%) underwent major amputations. Only the location and extension of DFU, represented by Texas grade differed between the minor and major amputation groups. However, after adjusting for covariates, ulcer location of mid- or hindfoot (vs. forefoot, odds ratio [OR] = 3.27), Texas grades 2 or 3 (vs. grade 0, OR = 5.78), and severe MAC (vs. no MAC, OR = 4.46) was an independent risk factor for major amputation (all P < 0.05). The current use of antiplatelets was a possible protective factor for major amputations (OR = 0.37, P = 0.055). In conclusion, DFU with severe MAC is associated with major amputation in patients with DKD.

Placental microRNAs as potential biomarkers for noninvasive detection of trisomy 21

( Min Hyoung Kim ),( Ji Hyae Lim ),( Da Eun Lee ),( Jung Yeol Han ),( Moon Young Kim ),( You Jung Han ),( So Yeon Park ),( Hyun Mee Ryu1 ) 대한산부인과학회 2014 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.100 No.-

목적: The discovery of fetal nucleic acids in the plasma of pregnant women has led to the development of noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT). The objective of this study was to discover a panel of placental miRNAs as potential novel biomarkers for NIPT of fetal T21 and to predict the biological functions of new biomarkers using bioinformatics tools. 방법: Using microarray-based genome-wide expression profiling, we compared the expression levels of miRNAs in whole blood samples from non-pregnant women, whole blood samples from pregnant women, and fetal placenta samples from pregnant women with euploid or T21 fetuses. We analyzed the differentially expressed miRNAs according to the presence or absence of disease and tissue type (p value <0.05 and two-fold expression change). Potential target genes of miRNAs were predicted using the miRBase program. To predict their functions, the functional annotation tools provided by the WebGestalt database were used. 결과: We identified 299 miRNAs which reasonably separate the whole blood from the placenta. Among the identified miRNAs, 150 miRNAs were up-regulated in the placenta, and 149 miRNAs were down-regulated. Most of the up-regulated miRNAs in the placenta were members of the mir-498, mir-379, and mir-127 clusters as placenta specific miRNA located on hsa19 and hsa14. Among the up-regulated miRNAs in the placenta, mir-1973 and mir-3196 were expressed at higher levels in the T21 placenta than in the euploid placenta. The two miRNAs potentially regulate 203 target genes that are involved in developmentof brain, central nervous system, and nervous system. Interestingly, the genes are significantly associated with T21-related disorder such as congenital abnormalities, mental disorders, and nervous system diseases. 결론: Our study indicates placenta-specific miRNAs that may be potential biomarkers for NIPT of fetal T21 and provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms of T21 via regulation of miRNAs.

Analyses of Residual Alkylbenzenes and Its Probabilistic Risk Assessment in Sundried Salts

Min-Kyoung Paik,Jong-Min Park,Jung-Im Kim,Geun-Hyoung Choi,So-Young Kim,홍수명,Geon-Jae Im,Moo-Ki Hong,김진효 한국응용생명화학회 2011 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.54 No.1

Toluene, ethylbenzene, and three xylenes are known as toxic alkylbenzenes in crude oils. The alkylbenzenes were investigated in sundried salts retailed in Korea. Total contamination of alkylbenzenes was shown to be up to 4.65 ng/g in the salts. Furthermore, hazard quotient of targeted contaminants and hazard index were estimated to be much lower than 1.0 in risk assessment. These results suggested that the associated health risks of alkylbenzenes in sundried salts might be negligible.

Risk factors for the development of Clostridium difficile colitis in a surgical ward

Min Jeong Kim,Byung Seup Kim,Jae Woo Kwon,So-Eun Ahn,Seung Soon Lee,Hyoung Chul Park,Bong Hwa Lee 대한외과학회 2012 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.83 No.1

Purpose: Clostridium difficile colitis (CDC) is a nosocomial infection. We attempted to discover the risk factors for the development of CDC in patients admitted to our surgical ward. Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review of all patients admitted to our surgical ward between January 2010 and July 2011. CDC was confirmed when toxin A/B or toxin B polymerase chain reaction was detected in the stool and clinical symptoms, such as diarrhea, were present. We divided patients into the CDC and non-CDC groups, and compared the clinical features between the two groups. Results: The rate of CDC occurrence was 0.4% (19/4,720 patients). Univariate analysis showed that colectomy (P < 0.001), hospital stays longer than 10 days (P < 0.001), aged over 55 years (P < 0.001) and transfer from medical ward (P = 0.009) were significant parameters for CDC. Multivariate analysis showed that colectomy (P < 0.001; odds ratio [OR], 8.405; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.927 to 24.132) and hospital stays longer than 10 days (P = 0.035; OR, 10.253; 95% CI, 1.176 to 89.392) were high risk factors for CDC occurrence in the surgical ward. Conclusion: The risk factors for CDC in a surgical ward could be colectomy and a long duration of hospitalization. Therefore, clinicians should consider the possibility of CDC when patients undergo colectomy, are admitted for a long time, and have postoperative diarrhea.