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Yeomyeong Lee(이여명),Hyerin An(안혜린),Juhee Lee(이주희),Seongwoo Choi(최성우),Sang Yoon Kim(김상윤) 한국토양비료학회 2021 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2021 No.11
Nitrogen (N) fertilization improves crop yield, but may cause serious environmental problems, increasing ammonia (NH₃) and greenhouse gases (GHGs including CO₂, CH₄ and N₂O) emissions, requiring rational fertilization strategy for a better agroecosystem. Organic fertilizer can improve soil cation exchangeable capacity, which could decrease potential N losses and increase crop yield. However, combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers was not systematically investigated. Our study investigated NH₃ volatilization, GHGs emissions, their intensity (GHGI), soil properties, and productivity during maize and cabbage cultivation period (two cropping seasons in a year) in upland field. The different treatments were installed with equivalent N rate including NPK (sole inorganic fertilizer as urea), compost (sole compost), NPK+compost (inorganic fertilizer and compost, 50%:50%) except control (no fertilizer). During two cropping periods, total cumulative NH₃ volatilizations were significantly increased with all fertilizations as compared to the control. Compost, NPK+compost applications were effective on mitigating NH₃ emissions during cultivation although the same rate of N was incorporated in all treatment except the control. As compared to NPK treatment, compost (0.83 g m<SUP>-2</SUP>), NPK+compost (0.92 g m<SUP>-2</SUP>) applications effectively mitigated N₂O emissions by ca. 54-59% as compared to NPK treatment (2.0 g m<SUP>-2</SUP>). CO₂ and CH₄ emissions were increased with fertilizations, but there was not significant difference among those treatments. Maize and cabbage productivities significantly increased with N fertilizations, but was highest at NPK which did show significant difference with NPK+compost, improving overall soil quality including soil pH, soil organic matter content, available phosphorus, and CEC etc. The GHGI, a sustainable index, was lowest in NPK+compost treatment (2.54 Mg Mg<SUP>-1</SUP>) followed by control (3.36 Mg Mg<SUP>-1</SUP>) > NPK (3.30 Mg Mg<SUP>-1</SUP>) ≒ compost (3.30 Mg Mg<SUP>-1</SUP>), suggesting the promising N management practice in upland soils. Conclusively, combined amendments of inorganic and organic fertilizers could be a sustainable and promising way to mitigate N losses, greenhouse gas emissions, and to enhance crop productivity and soil quality in maize and cabbage cultivated soils.