Effect of Monascus sp. as an Adjunct Starter on Physicochemical Properties and Proteolysis in Semi-hard Cheeses during Ripening

Huaning Yu,Zhenmin Liu,Feng Hang,Beihong Mo 한국식품과학회 2016 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.25 No.3

Two kinds of semi-hard cheeses, with Monascus purpureus and without M. purpureus, were manufactured, and effects of M. purpureus on physicochemical properties and proteolysis were evaluated during 36 days of ripening. Addition of M. purpureus changed the microbial survival and showed no significant effect on physicochemical properties of the cheeses, including dry matter and pH. Regardless on the rind or in the core, the indices of proteolysis had no significant difference (p>0.05), whereas there were significant differences of total free amino acid (FAA) and individual FAA between cheeses; this indicated that M. purpureus had no significant effect on the primary proteolysis, but affected the content and ratio of individual FAAs during maturation. Electrophoretic analysis showed strong degradation of αs1-casein in the core and on the rind of cheeses, while β-casein was highly degraded on the rind but less in the core. Thus, Monascus spp. might have a potential application in the manufacture of cheeses.

Characterization of a Blend-Biosurfactant of Glycolipid and Lipopeptide Produced by Bacillus subtilis TU2 Isolated from Underground Oil-Extraction Wastewater

( Fang Yu Cheng ),( Cheng Tang ),( Huan Yang ),( Hui Min Yu ),( Yu Chen ),( Zhong Yao Shen ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2013 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.23 No.3

Biosurfactants have versatile properties and potential industrial applications. A new producer, B. subtilis TU2, was isolated from the underground oil-extraction wastewater of Shengli Oilfield, China. Preliminary flask culture showed that the titer of biosurfactant obtained from the broth of TU2 was ~1.5 g/l at 48 h (718 mg/l after purification), with a reduced surface tension of 32.5 mN/m. The critical micelle concentration was measured as 50 mg/l and the surface tension maintained stability in solution with 50 g/l NaCl and 16 g/l CaCl2 after 5 days of incubation at 70oC. FT-IR spectra exhibited the structure information of both glycolipid and lipopeptide. MALDI-TOF-MS analyses confirmed that the biosurfactant produced by B. subtilis TU2 was a blend of glycolipid and lipopeptide, including rhamnolipid, surfactin, and fengycin. The blended biosurfactant showed 86% of oil-washing efficiency and fine emulsification activity on crude oil, suggesting its potential application in enhanced oil recovery.

Impact of selected fungi from an artificial diet on the growth and development of Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae)

Huan-Huan Gao,Nan Xu,Hao Chen,Qian Liu,Qian-Yun Pu,Dong-Yun Qin,Yi-Fan Zhai,Yi Yu 한국응용곤충학회 2017 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.20 No.1

Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) is one of the very few Drosophila species which are able to lay eggs and feed on healthy ripening fruit. Adults and larvae are all able to obtain the nutrition in the decaying food, which will generate many microorganisms. However, the relationship between D. suzukii and microorganism is poorly understood. In this study, 13 species of fungi were identified in an artificial diet fed by D. suzukii. Short-term and continuously life table experiments were conducted to determine the impact of three of these fungus species including Geotrichum candidum, Talaromyces minioluteus and Actinomucor elegans on the growth and development of Drosophila suzukii. Results revealed that, compared to the control, G. candidum, T.minioluteus and A. elegans increased the mortality of D. suzukii adults in the short time, while extended the developmental time of pupal D. suzukii by 18.00%, 16.22% and 26.44%, respectively in the life table experiment. T. minioluteus reduced the total longevity of D. suzukii by 15.52%, while A. elegans enhanced the total longevity by 25.96%. G. candidum and A. elegans increased the fecundity bymore than two folds. T. minioluteus elongated the mean generation time (T) by 31.34%, whereas G. candidum shortened it by 15.26% but increased the net reproductive rate (R0) by 217.76%, intrinsic rate of increase (r) by 88.89% and finite rate of increase (λ) by 9.17%. It was concluded that G. candidumand A. elegans significantly had the beneficial effect on the growth and reproduction of D. suzukii, however, T. minioluteus had the negative effect on D. suzukii. Our results could provide a new integrated pest management strategy for D. suzukii which would be discussed in this study.

Study the Thermal Behaviours for Asphalt Concrete Mixed with Basic Oxygen Furnace Slags

( Huan-lin Luo ),( Deng-fong Lin ),( Show-ing Shieh ),( Yi-hong Liu ),( Yu-kai Wang ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회(구 한국폐기물학회) 2019 ISSE 초록집 Vol.2019 No.-

In Taiwan, the basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slags are characterized as porous material and with better heat insulation than that of the natural aggregates. The BOF slags have been applied to the pavement as parts of the natural aggregate replacement. The asphalt concrete (AC) with the BOF slags replacements were well recognized and performed. In this study, parts of natural aggregates were replaced by the BOF slags in the AC helping resolve the gradual shortage of the natural resources and save energy and reduce the produce of carbon. In this study, parts of the natural aggregates were replaced by the coarse and fine BOF slags in the construction of AC. Because the thermal insulation and heat absorption are different between BOF slags and natural aggregates, the infrared thermal conductivity measuring instrument was applied to obtain the surface temperatures presented as thermal infrared images in AC. Then, the infrared temperature distribution images were obtained by using the image transformation techniques. The results show that the thermal conductivity for the AC containing with fine BOF slag was larger than that for the coarse BOF slag. The BOG slag replacement in AC helped improve the thermal insulation in AC. Moreover, the temperature was more uniformly distributed for AC with the fine BOF slag than that for the coarse BOF slag replacement. However, the coarse BOF slag was better in the preserve of energy for AC than that of the fine BOF slag.

Analysis and optimization of a typical quasi-zero stiffness vibration isolator

Huan Li,Yang Yu,Jianchun Li,Yancheng Li 국제구조공학회 2021 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.27 No.3

To isolate vibration at a low-frequency range and at the same time to provide sufficient loading support to the isolated structure impose a challenge in vibration isolation. Quasi-zero stiffness (QZS) vibration isolator, as a potential solution to the challenge, has been widely investigated due to its unique property of high-static & low-dynamic stiffness. This paper provides an in-depth analysis and potential optimization of a typical QZS vibration isolator to illustrate the complexity and importance of design optimization. By carefully examining the governing fundamentals of the QZS vibration isolator, a simplified approximation of force and stiffness relationship is derived to enable the characteristic analysis of the QZS vibration isolator. The explicit formulae of the amplitude-frequency response (AFR) and transmissibility of the QZS vibration isolator are obtained by employing the Harmonic Balance Method. The transmissibility curves under force excitation with different values of nonlinear coefficient, damping ratio, and amplitude of excitation are further investigated. As the result, an optimization of the structural parameter has been demonstrated using a comprehensive objective function with considering multiple dynamic characteristic parameters simultaneously. Finally, the genetic algorithm (GA) is adopted to minimise the objective function to obtain the optimal stiffness ratios under different conditions. General recommendations are provided and discussed in the end.

Cytotoxic Effect of Oyster Mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus on Human Androgen-Independent Prostate Cancer PC-3 Cells

Yu-Huan Gu,Gowsala Sivam 한국식품영양과학회 2006 Journal of medicinal food Vol.9 No.2

Twenty species of edible mushrooms and three purified mushroom polysaccharides were screened for their an-titumor potential on human androgen-independent cancer PC-3 cells. A water-soluble extract (POE) prepared from the freshoyster mushroom Pleurotus ostreatusproduced the most significant cytotoxicity on PC-3 cells among the mushroom speciestested. At the same time, POE induced a rapid apoptosis on PC-3 cells detected with annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanateflow cytometry when the cells were exposed to POE (150 .g/mL) for 2 hours. Induced apoptosis was also confirmed by DNAfragment terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated X-dUTP nick end labeling staining while POE (200 .g/mL) wasadded to PC-3 cells for 6 hours. Both cytotoxicity and induced apoptosis mediated by POE in PC-3 cells are dose-dependent.Interestingly, PC-3 cells appeared to be more sensitive to POE in anchorage-independent growth condition. Tumor colony-forming efficiency was dramatically reduced to 4.5% or 0.5% in POE (60 or 120 .g/mL)-supplemented soft agar mediumcompared with that of POE-free medium (defined as 100%). Temperature in POE processing plays a decisive role for the cy-totoxic activity. Bioactivity of POE was eliminated by exposure to high temperature (80°C) for 2 hours; however, it remained

Impact of fatty liver on long-term outcomes in chronic hepatitis B: a systematic review and matched analysis of individual patient data meta-analysis

Yu Jun Wong,Vy H. Nguyen,Hwai-I Yang,Jie Li,Michael Huan Le,Wan-Jung Wu,Nicole Xinrong Han,Khi Yung Fong,Elizabeth Chen,Connie Wong,Fajuan Rui,Xiaoming Xu,Qi Xue,Xin Yu Hu,Wei Qiang Leow,George Boon-B 대한간학회 2023 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.29 No.3

Background/Aims: Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and fatty liver (FL) often co-exist, but natural history data of this dual condition (CHB-FL) are sparse. Via a systematic review, conventional meta-analysis (MA) and individual patient-level data MA (IPDMA), we compared liver-related outcomes and mortality between CHB-FL and CHB-no FL patients. Methods: We searched 4 databases from inception to December 2021 and pooled study-level estimates using a random- effects model for conventional MA. For IPDMA, we evaluated outcomes after balancing the two study groups with inverse probability treatment weighting (IPTW) on age, sex, cirrhosis, diabetes, ALT, HBeAg, HBV DNA, and antiviral treatment. Results: We screened 2,157 articles and included 19 eligible studies (17,955 patients: 11,908 CHB-no FL; 6,047 CHB-FL) in conventional MA, which found severe heterogeneity (I2=88–95%) and no significant differences in HCC, cirrhosis, mortality, or HBsAg seroclearance incidence (P=0.27–0.93). IPDMA included 13,262 patients: 8,625 CHB-no FL and 4,637 CHB-FL patients who differed in several characteristics. The IPTW cohort included 6,955 CHB-no FL and 3,346 CHB-FL well-matched patients. CHB-FL patients (vs. CHB-no FL) had significantly lower HCC, cirrhosis, mortality and higher HBsAg seroclearance incidence (all P≤0.002), with consistent results in subgroups. CHB-FL diagnosed by liver biopsy had a higher 10-year cumulative HCC incidence than CHB-FL diagnosed with non-invasive methods (63.6% vs. 4.3%, P<0.0001). Conclusions: IPDMA data with well-matched CHB patient groups showed that FL (vs. no FL) was associated with significantly lower HCC, cirrhosis, and mortality risk and higher HBsAg seroclearance probability.

Bifurcations of non-semi-simple eigenvalues and the zero-order approximations of responses at critical points of Hopf bifurcation in nonlinear systems

Yu Dong Chen,Chun Yan Pei,Su Huan Chen 국제구조공학회 2011 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.40 No.3

This paper deals with the bifurcations of non-semi-simple eigenvalues at critical point of Hopf bifurcation to understand the dynamic behavior of the system. By using the Puiseux expansion, the expression of the bifurcation of non-semi-simple eigenvalues and the corresponding topological structure in the parameter space are obtained. The zero-order approximate solutions in the vicinity of the critical points at which the multiple Hopf bifurcation may occur are developed. A numerical example, the flutter problem of an airfoil in simplified model, is given to illustrate the application of the proposed method.

Population Genetic Structure of an Endemic Cyprinid Fish, Ancherythroculter nigrocauda, in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River and its Implication for Conservation

Huan Zhang Liu,Yu Rong Zhu,Jian Wei Wang,De Qing Tan 한국유전학회 2005 Genes & Genomics Vol.27 No.4

Multi-strategy structural damage detection based on included angle of vectors and sparse regularization

Huan-Lin Liu,Ling Yu,Ziwei Luo,Zexiang Chen 국제구조공학회 2020 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.75 No.4

Recently, many structural damage detection (SDD) methods have been proposed to monitor the safety of structures. As an important modal parameter, mode shape has been widely used in SDD, and the difference of vectors was adopted based on sensitivity analysis and mode shapes in the existing studies. However, amplitudes of mode shapes in different measured points are relative values. Therefore, the difference of mode shapes will be influenced by their amplitudes, and the SDD results may be inaccurate. Focus on this deficiency, a multi-strategy SDD method is proposed based on the included angle of vectors and sparse regularization in this study. Firstly, inspired by modal assurance criterion (MAC), a relationship between mode shapes and changes in damage coefficients is established based on the included angle of vectors. Then, frequencies are introduced for multi-strategy SDD by a weighted coefficient. Meanwhile, sparse regularization is applied to improve the ill-posedness of the SDD problem. As a result, a novel convex optimization problem is proposed for effective SDD. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method, numerical simulations in a planar truss and experimental studies in a six-story aluminum alloy frame in laboratory are conducted. The identified results indicate that the proposed method can effectively reduce the influence of noises, and it has good ability in locating structural damages and quantifying damage degrees.