STABILITY IN A CONVEX PROGRAM WITH LINEAR CONSTRAINTS

HSIA, WEI-SHEN Korean Mathematical Society 1984 대한수학회지 Vol.21 No.2

The Effect of Food Deprivation Length of Pair House Pigs on the Running Speed and Feeding Activity in Solitary and Social Conditions

Hsia, L.C. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2004 Animal Bioscience Vol.17 No.2

The purpose of this experiment was to study the feeding behavior and running speed under various feed deprivation lengths and social environments. Three trials were conducted. Trial 1: ten pigs were trained individually to run a course and eat their feed at the end of the course. The pigs were deprived feed for 1, 5, 10 or 20 h. Trial 2: 1. Two pigs ran and ate together. Both pigs had 5 h of feed deprivation before the run (D5). 2. Two pigs ran and ate alone, but both pigs had 5 h of feed deprivation before the run (S5). 3. Two pigs ran and ate together. Both had 1 h of feed deprivation before the run (D1). 4. Two pigs ran and ate alone and both pigs had 1 h of feed deprivation before the run (S1). 5. Two pigs ran together, one had 5 h of feed deprivation, and the other had 1 h of feed deprivation before the run (51). Trial 3: 1. On the 1st day 5 pairs of pigs had 5 h feed deprivation and could eat feed together at (B) point (D1). 2. On the 2nd day the pigs ran and ate alone at (B) point after 5 h of feed deprivation. Feed was obtainable (D2). On the 3rd to 6th days, the pigs ran in pairs after 5 h of feed deprivation and only the dominant pig ate feed at point (B). The inferior pig was chased back to room and fed there. This stage was continued for four consecutive days, d 3 to 6. In trial 1, the running speed of pigs increased with the length of feed deprivation until 10 h, then being stable afterwards. Total feeding time increased with the length of feed deprivation (p<0.001). Eating speed did not increase with the length of feed deprivation (p>0.05). In trial 2, nine of ten pigs in treatment D5 ran faster than those in S5. Seven of the ten pigs in treatment S1 ran faster than those in treatment D1. The pigs in treatment D5 had significantly higher feed intake (p<0.001) and eating speed (p<0.05) than the pigs in other treatments. In trial 3, there were significant differences on running speed between D1 and D6 (p<0.01) and between D2 and D1, D3, D4 and D5. The inferior pig ran faster in D2 but from 3 to 6 it was the dominant pig that showed the greatest speed in completing the whole course. The results demonstrated that the pigs with low feeding motivation may cause low running speed to feed and low feed intake of the neighbor when compared with pigs kept individually.

Women's Experiences of Performing Pelvic Floor Muscle Exercise

Hsia-Tzu Kao,Min-Tao Hsu 한국간호과학회 2011 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2011 No.10

The Effect of Varying Levels of Tryptophan on Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Growing and Finishing Broilers

Hsia, L.C.,Hsu, J.H.,Liao, C.T. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2005 Animal Bioscience Vol.18 No.2

The purpose of this experiment was to study the effect of varying levels of tryptophan on the performance and carcass character of broiler. Trial 1: Ninety-six, five-week-old male Hubbard chickens, average weight 1.97 kg, were used in the trial. All birds were allocated into 3 treatments of 32 birds each. Each bird was kept in an individual cage. The trial period was 3 weeks. Treatment 1: Tryptophan content 0.198%. Treatment 2: Tryptophan content 0.228%. Treatment 3: Tryptophan content 0.258%. Trial 2: Ninety-six, three-week-old male Hubbard chickens, average weight 1.23 kg, were randomly distributed into the following two treatments. Each treatment had 48 birds. Treatment 1: Tryptophan content 0.167%. Treatment 2: Tryptophan content 0.198%. Trial 3: Ninety-six, twoweek-old Hubbard chickens, average body weight 0.72 kg, were used in this experiment. There were three treatments as follows. Treatment 1. Tryptophan content 0.136%. Treatment 2. Tryptophan content 0.167%. Treatment 3. Tryptophan content 0.198%. The result of Trial 1 showed that the feed intake, performance, and carcass characteristics were not influenced by tryptophan content in the diet which between 0.198% and 0.258% (p>0.05). There was no significant difference (p>0.05) in feed intake in either treatment in Trial 2. However, weight gain, feed conversion efficiency, and most carcass characteristics in the 0.198% treatment were significantly better (p<0.05) than in the 0.167% treatment. There was a trend that feed intake increased with increasing level of tryptophan, but there was no significant difference in Trial 3. The weight gain and feed conversion efficiency were significantly reduced for the broiler in the 0.136% treatment. This series of experiment showed that broilers need about 0.198% of tryptophan.

The Effect of High Environmental Temperature and Nutrient Density on Pig Performance, Conformation and Carcass Characteristics under Restricted Feeding System

Hsia, L.C.,Lu, G.H. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2004 Animal Bioscience Vol.17 No.2

An experiment was conducted to examine the effect of a high environmental temperature on the performance, conformation, and carcass characteristics of pigs and the influence of diet. Thirty-six three-way crossed castrated male pigs with average initial body weight of 50.4 kg were used in the experiment. The pig were allocated to the following treatments: two environmental temperatures (20 and $30^{\circ}C$)${\times}$three dietary energy levels (2,980, 3,300 and 3,600 kcal/kg)${\times}$three protein levels (12.8, 15.2 and 17.2%). Daily weight gain was lighter (p<0.01) and feed: gain ratio lower (p<0.05) in pigs at $30^{\circ}C$ than for pigs at $20^{\circ}C$ The pigs at $30^{\circ}C$ were significantly taller with deeper bodies (p<0.05) and significantly longer (p<0.05) both vertically horizontally in the planum nasal when kept at $30^{\circ}C$. The width of body and the circumference of the neck were greater (p<0.05) at $20^{\circ}C$. The lean meat of the loin, middle section, ham, and hind section were significantly greater (p<0.05) in pigs kept at $30^{\circ}C$ and the belly was significantly heavier. The total unsaturated free fatty acids were significantly higher (p<0.05) in the body fat of pigs kept at $20^{\circ}C$ than in that of pigs at $30^{\circ}C$. The results indicated that when pigs are given very restricted same amounts of feed, they may need less energy to maintain their body temperature under moderately high environmental temperature ($30^{\circ}C$); consequently, their performance is better than that of pigs under optimum environmental temperature. The results showed very clearly that weight gain of pigs increased with increasing of dietary protein and energy content. The increasing of dietary protein content seemed more significant when content increasing to 17.2% compared with the 12.8 and 15.2% protein content treatments. The increasing of dietary energy content was more significant when content increasing to 3,600 compared with the other low energy content treatments.

異常血色素症에 關하여

Hsia, David Yi-Yung,金珏卿 淑明女子大學校 藥學大學 1971 藥硏 Vol.7 No.-

Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms and Relation to Quality of Life in Community Women over age 40

Hsia-Tzu Kao,Chuan-Hsiu Tsai 한국간호과학회 2009 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2009 No.10

The Effect of Spray-dried Porcine Plasma and Tryptophan on Feed Intake and Performance of Weaning Piglets

Hsia, Liang Chou Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2005 Animal Bioscience Vol.18 No.1

There were three trials involved in this experiment. All piglets in Trial 1 were randomly distributed into the following 4 treatments. Treatment 1. Corn-soybean diet with 5% SDPP. The tryptophan level was 0.237%. Treatment 2. Corn-soybean diet with 10% meat and bone meal. The tryptophan level was 0.177%. Treatment 3. Treatment 1+0.0662% synthetic tryptophan. The total tryptophan level was 0.303. Treatment 4. Treatment 2+0.0662% synthetic tryptophan. The total tryptophan level was 0.236. Piglets in Trial 2 were distributed randomly into the following 4 treatments. Treatment 1: corn-soybean diet+10% meat and bone meal. The total tryptophan level was 0.176%. Treatment 2: corn-soybean diet+10% meat and bone meal+5% SDPP. The total tryptophan level was 0.180%. Treatment 3: Treatment 1 diet+0.004% synthetic tryptophan. The total tryptophan level was 0.180%. Treatment 4: Treatment 1 diet+0.631% synthetic tryptophan. The total tryptophan level was 0.237%. There were 4 treatments in Trial 3. Treatment 1: cornsoybean diet+10% meat and bone meal. The total tryptophan level was 0.176%. Treatment 2: Treatment 1 diet+0.061% synthetic tryptophan. The total tryptophan level was 0.237%. Treatment 3: Treatment 2 diet+0.061% synthetic tryptophan. The total tryptophan level was 0.298%. Treatment 4: corn-soybean diet+10% meat and bone meal+5% SDPP. The total tryptophan level was 0.180%. The results of Trial 1 showed that the piglets ate significantly more (p<0.05) when feed included SDPP in the diet during the first 2 weeks. The feed intake also increased when synthetic tryptophan was added in the 5% meat and bone meal diet; however, the difference did not reach a significant level (p>0.05) during the first 2 weeks. Three weeks onwards the feed intake of 5% meat and bone meal treatment was significantly lower (p<0.05) than for the other three treatments. The results of Trial 2 showed that the feed intake could be significantly improved only when the total tryptophan level reached 0.237%. Piglets in the 5% SDPP treatment had higher feed intake than piglets in 10% meat and bone meal treatment with 0.180% of tryptophan, but did not reach a significant level (p<0.05). Body weight gain also had the same trend as feed intake. The pigs in Treatment 1, the lowest total level of tryptophan treatment (0.176%), had lowest feed intake and weight gain, but the difference did not reach a significant level (p>0.05). The pigs in Treatment 1 of Trial 3 had the lowest feed intake and weight gain (p>0.05). Treatment 2 (0.237%) had the highest average feed intake from Week 1 to Week 5; the second best result was recorded in Treatment 4. As for the weight gain of the piglets in Treatment 4 (5% SDPP), they had a higher average weight during the first 3 weeks. The feed efficiency was better for Treatment 4 (5% SDPP) during the first 2 weeks. The results of these trials showed that both SDPP and tryptophan had a trend to improve the feed intake and weight gain.

Hermann Hesse und (das nicht so fremde) Asien -Zur Menschwerdung des Dichters-

( Adrian Hsia ) 서울대학교 독일어문화권연구소 2007 독일어문화권연구 Vol.16 No.-

독일의 계몽주의는 레싱의 현자 나탄이 스스로에게 우선 인간이냐 유대인이냐고 자문했을 때 그 정점에 도달했다고 할 수 있다. 이것이 바로 인류의 개념으로 바라본 세계화의 첫 번째 긍정적인 예가 되기 때문이다. 그럼에도 세 가지 종교 및 인종이 모두 성서에 기반 한 일신교의 종파에 귀속된 것은 다소 애석한 일이다. 그런데 이것을 의식적이고도 광범위하게 통합하려는 노력을 헤세에게서 찾아볼 수 있다. 특히 후기의 헤세는 『싯다르타』, 『유리알 유희』와 같이 인류의 이상에 찬 작품들을 남겼다. 여기서는 일신교 (서구적인 것이라 하자) 문화와 비일신교의 문화(인도와 중국이 대표적이다)를 통합시키는 가운데 인류의 통일이 시도된다. 헤세의 동양사상에 대해서는 많은 연구가 이루어진 반면, 그가 아시아인을 처음 만난 데 대해서는 별로 연구된 바가 없다. 근간된 『극동을 향한 눈길』(2002)을 계기로 이를 짚어볼 필요가 있다. 그런데 극동은 대개 동아시아를 칭하는데, 이 책의 절반은 인도와 동남아시아를 다루고 있어 제목부터 논의될 필요가 있다. 아시아인과의 만남에 대해 기록한 『인도여행』(1913)에서도 작가가 인도 반도에는 발을 들여놓은 적이 없으므로 사정은 비슷하다. 인도차이나란 표현이 한 번 나오긴 하지만, 헤세는 이 곳을 인도라고 여겼다. 여행의 목적지는 수마트라였는데, 헤세가 계획한 것은 문화적인 의미에서 라기보다는 일차적으로 원시림, 즉 유럽의 문화적 불만족이나 슈바벤에서의 삶과는 다른 극단적인 것을 체험하는 여행이었다. 수마트라는 오늘날 인도네시아에 속하지만, 그 당시는 네덜란드령 인도로 알려져 있어 헤세도 이 용어를 그렇게 사용하고 있다. 그런 의미에서 『인도여행』은 맞는 표현이다. 하지만 그 곳에서 헤세가 관심을 가진 것은 인도도, 중국도 아닌, 원시림, 즉 원초적인 자연이었다. 유럽을 떠나긴 했지만 그는 여전히 유럽 문화권의 영향에서 벗어나지 못한 채 유럽인으로서 식민지로 여행한 것이다. 그러므로 헤세는 유럽인의 전형적인 선입견을 갖고 인도인과 인도문화를 대했다. 헤세는 인도인에 대해서 선입견을 갖고 있었고 말레이인과 수마트라 원주민을 훨씬 저열한 민족으로 보았지만, 유독 중국인에 대해서는 좋은 인상을 갖고 있었다. 인도로 여행할 때까지 헤세는 아시아에 대해 별로 아는 바가 없었다. 인도와 그 문화에 대해 부모로부터 영향을 받아 평균이상의 지식을 갖고는 있었으나, 그것도 그리 많은 것도, 수준이 높은 편도 아니었다. 인도에 관한 직접적인 지식은 인도와 중국의 사상을 받아들인 첫 독일 철학자인 쇼펜하우어를 통해서 이루어진 것처럼 보인다. 1907년 헤세는 쇼펜하우어의 영향으로 요가와 고행, 금욕생활을 실험하기 시작했다. 산스크리트 개념인 ``네가 그것이다 tat twam asi``를 수용한 헤세는 그러므로 거부감이 들긴 했지만 자신의 여행기에 아시아인에 대해 긍정적인 면을 말하려 한다. 헤세가 유독 중국인이게 호의적이었던 이유로는 우선 그의 독서경험을 들 수 있다. 여행 전에 헤세는 공자의 『논어』, 노자의 『도덕경』, 그리고 마르틴 부버가 독일어로 옮긴 『장자의 어록과 비유』를 읽었기 때문이다. 부버는 타문화의 사람들을 선입견 없이 대할 것을 동시대인들에게 요구했다. 쇼펜하우어나 부버가 공통적으로 주장한 것은 비기독교인도 기독교인처럼 대하라는 것이다. 헤세는 인도를 여행하는 동안 중국인들에 대해 이것을 실천에 옮겼다. 그런데 중국인을 동등한 가치를 지닌 사람들로, 심지어 경쟁자로 인식한 반면, 다른 아시아 민족들은 식민지 통치자의 시선으로 바라보았다. 헤세의 이러한 태도는 유럽 전체가 관여한 식민주의와 관련해서 봐야 한다. 왜냐하면 근대 식민주의를 드러낸 대륙발견의 시대 이후로 기독교에 기반 한, 유럽 중심적이고, 주요한 피부색을 유지하려는 인종이론이 생겨나 19세기 후반에 정점에 달했기 때문이다. 헤세가 일찍이 중국인을 열등하게 여겼는지는 알려지지 않았지만, 인도인을 포함한 다른 아시아인들은 ``미개인``으로 여겼다. 인도를 여행할 무렵 헤세는 이렇듯 인식의 중간단계에 있었다. 그의 ``인간화 과정``은 완전한 가치를 지닌 인간으로 누구를 인정하는 지와도 관련을 맺는데, 이러한 인간화 과정은 『싯다르타』에서 우선 정점에 다다른다. 관찰력이 뛰어난 여행자로서 헤세는 여러 민족간의 서열을 파악했고 식민지 통치자인 영국인을 존중했다. 유럽인의 시각으로 헤세는 대부분의 아시아 민족들을 미개인이라 여겼지만, 섬세한 수공업의 능력을 지닌 그들은 그의 선입견과 맞지 않는 부분이 있었다. 또 헤세는 다른 종교들에 대해 자신이 갖고 있던 유럽의 기독교적인 견해를 피력하는 한편, 다른 한편으로는 ``지배받는 가련한 민족들``의 참된 신앙심에, 특히 고갈되지 않는 신비한 원천으로부터 흘러

The Development and Current Situation of the Early Intervention for Children with Developmental Delay in Taiwan

Pi-Hsia Huang 육아정책연구소 2007 International Journal of Child Care and Education Vol.1 No.1

In this thesis, it introduces the development and current situation of the early intervention for children with developmental delay in Taiwan. First, it gives an explanation on the policy evolution on this issue after the 1993 amendment of “Child Welfare Law” of ROC, and then it depicts the four steps in the process of early intervention for children with developmental delay, i.e. “Screening and Detection”, “Report and Referral”, “Team Evaluation”, “Intervention Service”. Thereafter, a detailed explanation on the major models of intervention service and a plan on the direction of future development are established.