Protective effect of resveratrol on arsenic trioxide-induced nephrotoxicity in rats

Weiqian Zhang,Yan Liu,Ming Ge,Jiang Jing,Yan Chen,Huijie Jiang,Hongxiang Yu,Ning Li,Zhigang Zhang 한국영양학회 2014 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.8 No.2

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Arsenic, which causes human carcinogenicity, is ubiquitous in the environment. This study was designed to evaluate modulation of arsenic induced cancer by resveratrol, a phytoalexin found in vegetal dietary sources that has antioxidant and chemopreventive properties, in arsenic trioxide (As₂O₃)-induced Male Wistar rats. MATERIALS/METHODS: Adult rats received 3 mg/kg As₂O3 (intravenous injection, iv.) on alternate days for 4 days. Resveratrol(8 mg/kg) was administered (iv.) 1 h before As₂O₃ treatment. The plasma and homogenization enzymes associated with oxidative stress of rat kidneys were measured, the kidneys were examined histologically and trace element contents were assessed. RESULTS: Rats treated with As₂O₃ had significantly higher oxidative stress and kidney arsenic accumulation; however, pretreatment with resveratrol reversed these changes. In addition, prior to treatment with resveratrol resulted in lower blood urea nitrogen, creatinine and insignificant renal tubular epithelial cell necrosis. Furthermore, the presence of resveratrol preserved the selenium content (0.805 ± 0.059 μg/g) of kidneys in rats treated with As₂O₃. However, resveratrol had no effect on zinc level in the kidney relative to As₂O₃-treated groups. CONCLUSIONS: Our data show that supplementation with resveratrol alleviated nephrotoxicity by improving antioxidant capacity and arsenic efflux. These findings suggest that resveratrol has the potential to protect against kidney damage in populations exposed to arsenic.

Chemical constituents from Phyllanthus emblica and the cytoprotective effects on H2O2-induced PC12 cell injuries

Yao Zhang,Lijuan Zhao,Xiaojiang Guo,Chao Li,Haizhen Li,Hongxiang Lou,Dong-Mei Ren 대한약학회 2016 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.39 No.9

Two new compounds (1–2), including a bisabolane-type sesquiterpenoid (1), one new diphenyl ether derivative (2), together with 23 known compounds (3–25), were isolated from the fruits of Phyllanthus emblica. Their structures were elucidated by detailed spectroscopic analysis. All the isolated compounds were screened for the DPPH scavenging effects and cytoprotective effects against H2O2 induced PC12 cells injury. Compounds 12–15 showed significant DPPH scavenging effects with the IC50 values in the range of 3.25–4.18 lM. Among these potential antioxidants, compound 14 improved the survival of PC12 cells after H2O2 exposure without showing any cytotoxicity at the tested concentrations.

Traffic Offloading in Two-Tier Multi-Mode Small Cell Networks over Unlicensed Bands: A Hierarchical Learning Framework

( Youming Sun ),( Hongxiang Shao ),( Xin Liu ),( Jian Zhang ),( Junfei Qiu ),( Yuhua Xu ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2015 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.9 No.11

This paper investigates the traffic offloading over unlicensed bands for two-tier multi-mode small cell networks. We formulate this problem as a Stackelberg game and apply a hierarchical learning framework to jointly maximize the utilities of both macro base station (MBS) and small base stations (SBSs). During the learning process, the MBS behaves as a leader and the SBSs are followers. A pricing mechanism is adopt by MBS and the price information is broadcasted to all SBSs by MBS firstly, then each SBS competes with other SBSs and takes its best response strategies to appropriately allocate the traffic load in licensed and unlicensed band in the sequel, taking the traffic flow payment charged by MBS into consideration. Then, we present a hierarchical Q-learning algorithm (HQL) to discover the Stackelberg equilibrium. Additionally, if some extra information can be obtained via feedback, we propose an improved hierarchical Q-learning algorithm (IHQL) to speed up the SBSs` learning process. Last but not the least, the convergence performance of the proposed two algorithms is analyzed. Numerical experiments are presented to validate the proposed schemes and show the effectiveness.

A novel approach for the preparation of thermally stable cellulose nanocrystals via a sustainable FeCl3-catalyzed deep eutectic solvent treatment

Xianghao Yang,Hongxiang Xie,Zhufan Zou,Yang Zou,Wei Liu,Hongyan Lan,Xinxing Zhang,Youngsoo Bae,Chuanling Si 강원대학교 산림과학연구소 2018 강원대학교 산림과학연구소 학술대회 Vol.2018 No.09

Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) as building blocks were widely used to produce renewable and sustainable nanomaterials. CNCs are mainly produced by inorganic acid hydrolysis such as sulfuric, hydrochloric, nitric, phosphoric acids, etc. However, there are some drawbacks for inorganic acid hydrolysis such as harsh corrosion of equipment, severe environmental pollution, large water usage and so on. Herein, we reported a green and sustainable method for the preparation of CNCs via a one-step treatment based on a deep system solvent (DES) system of FeCl3-catalyzed choline chloride and oxalic acid dihydrate (F-DES). Due to its low melting point, this F-DES can be easily obtained at a lower temperature. Results shows that CNC samples (F-CNC) could be successfully isolated from bleached eucalyptus Kraft pulp (BEKP) with a high yield (over 70%). Also the DES could be recovered from the reaction solution by a simple evaporation process with high recovery rate ( %). Thermogravimetric analyses revealed that the onset decomposition temperature for the obtained F-CNC was 321°C, which was much higher than that of the CNCs produced from the same raw BEKP by sulfuric acid hydrolysis. Therefore, the FeCl3-catalyzed deep eutectic solvent treatment could be a sustainable and economically feasible method for the production of CNCs with high thermal stability.

Stability and parameters influence study of fully balanced hoist vertical ship lift

Xionghao Cheng,Duanwei Shi,Hongxiang Li,Re Xia,Yang Zhang,Ji Zhou 국제구조공학회 2018 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.66 No.5

A theoretical formulation based on the linearized potential theory, the Descartes’ rule and the extremum optimization method is presented to calculate the critical distance of lifting points of the fully balanced hoist vertical ship lift, and to study pitching stability of the ship lift. The overturning torque of the ship chamber is proposed based on the Housner theory. A seven-free-degree dynamic model of the ship lift based on the Lagrange equation of the second kind is then established, including the ship chamber, the wire rope, the gravity counterweights and the liquid in the ship chamber. Subsequently, an eigenvalue equation is obtained with the coefficient matrix of the dynamic equations, and a key coefficient is analyzed by innovative use of the minimum optimization method for a stability criterion. Also, an extensive influence of the structural parameters contains the gravity counterweight wire rope stiffness, synchronous shaft stiffness, lifting height and hoists radius on the critical distance of lifting points is numerically analyzed. With the Runge-Kutta method, the four primary dynamical responses of the ship lift are investigated to demonstrate the accuracy/reliability of the result from the theoretical formulation. It is revealed that the critical distance of lifting points decreases with increasing the synchronous shaft stiffness, while increases with rising the other three structural parameters. Moreover, the theoretical formulation is more applicable than the previous criterions to design the layout of the fully balanced hoist vertical ship lift for the ensuring of the stability.

Preparation and characterization of carboxylic cellulose nanocrystals via a sustainable approach of FeCl3-catalyzed innocuous citric acid hydrolysis

Wei Liu,Xiaoyi Zhang,Huayu Liu,Hongxiang Xie,Chuanling Si 강원대학교 산림과학연구소 2019 강원대학교 산림과학연구소 학술대회 Vol.2019 No.09

Acid hydrolysis is the most common method to prepare cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs). citric acid (CA) is a weak poly-carboxylic acid which is beneficial for avoiding cellulose undergoing heavy degradation during acid hydrolysis. However, the weak acidity of CA can mostly lead to a difficulty in hydrolyzing the amorphous part of the cellulose and correspondingly results in a low yield of CNCs. In this work, CNCs were produced from bleached eucalyptus kraft pulp with a high yield over 76% via FeCl3-catalyzed CA hydrolysis process. It was found that the resultant CNCs products with a diameter of 20-30 nm and length of 200-400 nm, and a maximum crystallinity index of about 78% could be achieved when the dose of FeCl3 was 0.03 mM, CA concentration was 80%, and reaction temperature was 80 °C. Meanwhile, carboxylic groups could be introduced onto the surface of CNCs via esterification during FeCl3-catalyzed CA hydrolysis process to form carboxylic CNCs . Results showed that the contents of carboxylic acid groups could reach up to 0.69 mmol g-1, which facilitate their functionalization and dispersion in aqueous processing. The carboxylic CNCs presented in this work offer commercial success and lower toxic risks, which means they have the potential to find applications as environmentally friendly, sustainable, and new bio-based nanomaterials in high-tech fields, such as biomaterials.

Functional analysis of a homologue of the FLORICAULA/LEAFY gene in litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) revealing its significance in early flowering process

Feng Ding,Shuwei Zhang,Houbin Chen,Hongxiang Peng,Jiang Lu,Xinhua He,Jiechun Pan 한국유전학회 2018 Genes & Genomics Vol.40 No.12

Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) is an important subtropical fruit crop with high commercial value due to its high nutritional values and favorable tastes. However, irregular bearing attributed to unstable flowering is a major ongoing problem for litchi producers. Previous studies indicate that low-temperature is a key factor in litchi floral induction. In order to reveal the genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying the reproductive process in litchi, we had analyzed the transcriptome of buds before and after low-temperature induction using RNA-seq technology. A key flower bud differentiation associated gene, a homologue of FLORICAULA/LEAFY, was identified and named LcLFY (GenBank Accession No. KF008435). The cDNA sequence of LcLFY encodes a putative protein of 388 amino acids. To gain insight into the role of LcLFY, the temporal expression level of this gene was measured by real-time RT-PCR. LcLFY was highly expressed in flower buds and its expression correlated with the floral developmental stage. Heterologous expression of LcLFY in transgenic tobacco plants induced precocious flowering. Meantime, we investigated the sub-cellular localization of LcLFY. The LcLFY-Green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusion protein was found in the nucleus. The results suggest that LcLFY plays a pivotal role as a transcription factor in controlling the transition to flowering and in the development of floral organs in litchi.

Evidence of Phenotypic Plasticity in the Response of Fagopyrum esculentum to Population Density and Sowing Date

Wisdom Japhet,Daowei Zhou,Hongxuan Zhang,Hongxiang Zhang,Tian Yu 한국식물학회 2009 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.52 No.4

Phenotypic plasticity is an important attribute that enables plants to survive across a range of environments. We conducted two experiments to investigate the plasticity of architectural traits and biomass ratios for Fagopyrum esculentum Moench in response to population density and sowing date. These included (1) inter-planting distances of 5, 10, 15, or 20 cm; and (2) sowing on 25 July, 1 August, 5 August, or 10 August. Many traits exhibited phenotypic plasticity that was coupled with changes in plant size. However, variations in leaf/mass ratio from either experiment, as well as leaf/root ratios in response to sowing date, were independent of size. When coefficients of variation were computed, some consistency was found in the magnitude of trait plasticity for both density and sowing date. For each experiment, leaf/root ratios, leaf/mass ratios, and stem/mass ratios were most plastic. Although this suggests that biomass ratios could be more responsive to environmental changes, a wide array of traits should be considered if we are to fully understand the mechanism for these phenomena.

Study on Odor Formation Control during Kraft Pulping

Song HaiNong,Chai XinSheng,Zhu HongXiang,Sung-Hoon Yoon,Zhang Dongcheng,Wang Shuang-Fei 한국펄프·종이공학회 2006 한국펄프종이학회 기타 간행물 Vol.- No.-

The investigation of the formation of organic sulfur compounds (i.e., odor species), mainly methyl mercaptan and demethyl suifide, during kraft pulping has been conducted, in which both hardwood and softwood species were used. It was discovered that there is an organic sulfur compounds formation phase transition point with respect to delignification extent. The transition point occurs at a kappa number of approximately 35 and 20 for softwoods and hardwoods, respectively. The results also showed that both low sulfidity and anthraquinone (AQ) addition are helpful to control the formation of theses organic sulfur compounds during kraft pulping. Whereas Hexenuronic acid (HexA) has contribution to Kappa number, the extended delignification not only lead to low pulp yield, but also be adverse to odor control. A significant in-digester odor reduction can be achieved if the pulping is to be terminated before phase transition point and combined with AQ addition.

A review of the subgenus Epicterodes of Arichanna (Lepidoptera, Geometridae, Ennominae), with description of one new species

Henan Li,Nan Jiang,Rui Cheng,Chuntian Zhang,Hongxiang Han 한국응용곤충학회 2018 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.21 No.2

The subgenus Epicterodes Wehrli, 1933 of Arichanna Moore, 1868 is reviewed. Six species are recognized, of which, A. (E). denticularia sp. nov. is described as new to science from China. One new synonym is established based on morphological and genetic similarity: A. (E.) flavomacularia Leech, 1897 (=A. (E.) perimelaina Wehrli, 1933 syn. nov.). Results of DNA barcoding for Epicterodes are briefly discussed. Diagnoses for all the species are provided and illustrations of adults, genitalia and distribution map are presented.