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- 저자 : Hazlett, L.J. (검색결과 3 건)
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Association between Serum Antibodies to Oral Microorganisms and Hyperglycemia in Adults
Merchant, A.T.,Shrestha, D.,Chaisson, C.,Choi, Y.H.,Hazlett, L.J.,Zhang, J. SAGE Publications 2014 Journal of dental research Vol.93 No.8
<P>We conducted a cross-sectional analysis to evaluate the relationship between serum antibody titers against 19 selected oral microorganisms and measures of hyperglycemia in a large, nationally representative data set. The study population consisted of 7,848 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III (1988-1994) who were at least 40 yrs old, with complete serum IgG antibody data against 19 oral microorganisms. The 19 antibody titers were grouped into 4 categories via cluster analysis—orange-red, yellow-orange, orange-blue, and red-green—named to reflect predominant antibody titers against microorganisms in Socransky’s classification scheme for oral microbes. Linear regression models weighted for complex survey design were used in which fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, and HbA1c were outcomes and antibody cluster scores were exposures, adjusting for potential confounders. Higher orange-red cluster scores were associated with increased hyperglycemia, while higher orange-blue cluster scores were related with decreased hyperglycemia. A 1-unit-higher orange-red cluster score was associated with 0.46 mg/dL higher fasting blood glucose (<I>p</I> = .0038), and a 1-unit-higher orange-blue cluster score was associated with 0.34% lower HbA1c (<I>p</I> = .0257). Groups of antibody titers against periodontal microorganisms were associated with hyperglycemia independent of known risk factors.</P>
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Pt substitution in Pd/Rh three-way catalyst for improved emission control
Kim Do Yeong,Bae Wo Bin,Byun Sang Woo,Kim Young Jin,Yoon Dal Young,Jung Changho,Kim Chang Hwan,Kang Dohyung,Hazlett Melanie J.,Kang Sung Bong 한국화학공학회 2023 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.40 No.7
Gasoline engine vehicle emissions, such as nitrogen oxides (NOx), CO and hydrocarbons (HCs), are a major source of air pollution, and require improved emission control systems. By-product NH3 and N2O emissions, which come from low N2 selectivity in the emission control system, are also a major concern. The current study has comprehensively investigated the impact of the Pt-substitution in commercial Pd/Rh-based three-way catalyst (TWC) formulations with respect to catalytic performance. TWC performance was systematically evaluated with respect to the warm-up catalytic converter (WCC) and the under-floor catalytic converter (UCC). This included evaluating TWC activity under realistic simulated exhaust conditions including fuel-rich, stoichiometric and fuel-lean (0.99≤λ≤1.01). Pt-substituted TWCs outperformed Pd-based counterparts, regardless of the converter type (WCC or UCC), in CO, C3H6 and C3H8 oxidation and NO reduction reactions under the simulated exhaust conditions tested. Moreover, Pt-substituted TWCs exhibited significant stability upon hydrothermal aging at 1,050 °C. The results show that after aging the Pt-substituted catalyst retained higher N2 selectivity than the Pd-based TWC. Over Pd-based TWCs, N2 selectivity drastically dropped from 70–80% to 15–35% after aging, while Pt-substituted TWCs N2 selectivity dropped from 80–100% to only 60–80%. The key finding from this study is that Pt incorporation in a Pd/Rh TWC improves the emission control from gasoline vehicles in terms of both CO and HC oxidation and NOx reduction.
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