Optimization of inhibitive action of sodium molybdate (VI) for corrosion of carbon steel in saline water using response surface methodology

Khalid Hamid Rashid,Anees Abdullah Khadom 한국화학공학회 2019 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.36 No.8

The performance of sodium molybdate (Na2MoO4) (VI) as a corrosion inhibitor for medium carbon steel corrosion in saline water containing nitrate and chloride ions was studied at various inhibitor concentrations, temperatures, exposure times and rotational velocities. Mass loss and electrochemical techniques were used to evaluate the corrosion rates. The individual and interactive effects of these four parameters were optimized for minimum response of corrosion rate using central composite design (CCD) with response surface methodology (RSM). Nonlinear regression strategy in light of Gauss-Newton technique was utilized for modeling and optimization of the corrosion inhibition experiments. Second-order polynomial model was suggested to predict the corrosion rates as a function of four variables. The individual effect of temperature on corrosion rate was higher than the individual effects of inhibitor concentration, exposure time and rotational velocity, respectively. The interaction effects of independents variables were also addressed. Open circuit potential measurements were used as a significant way to gain information about the behavior of steel corrosion. Steady state potential was reached after one hour of immersion time. Mass loss results were in a good agreement with potentiodynamic polarization technique. Optimum inhibition efficiency was 95.9% at optimum operating conditions. Polarization plots revealed that the inhibitor acts as the anodic-type inhibitor.

Is the Phone Call the Most Effective Method for Recall in Cervical Cancer Screening? - Results from a Randomised Control Trial

Rashid, Rima Marhayu Abdul,Mohamed, Majdah,Hamid, Zaleha Abdul,Dahlui, Maznah Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.10

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of different methods of recall for repeat Pap smear among women who had normal smears in the previous screening. Design: Prospective randomized controlled study. Setting: All community clinics in Klang under the Ministry of Health Malaysia. Participants: Women of Klang who attended cervical screening and had a normal Pap smear in the previous year, and were due for a repeat smear were recruited and randomly assigned to four different methods of recall for repeat smear. Intervention: The recall methods given to the women to remind them for a repeat smear were either by postal letter, registered letter, short message by phone (SMS) or phone call. Main Outcome Measures: Number and percentage of women who responded to the recall within 8 weeks after they had received the recall, irrespective whether they had Pap test conducted. Also the numbers of women in each recall method that came for repeat Pap smear. Results: The rates of recall messages reaching the women when using letter, registered letter, SMS and phone calls were 79%, 87%, 66% and 68%, respectively. However, the positive responses to recall by letter, registered letter, phone messages and telephone call were 23.9%, 23.0%, 32.9% and 50.9%, respectively (p<0.05). Furthermore, more women who received recall by phone call had been screened (p<0.05) compared to those who received recall by postal letter (OR=2.38, CI=1.56-3.62). Conclusion: Both the usual way of sending letters and registered letters had higher chances of reaching patients compared to using phone either for sending messages or calling. The response to the recall method and uptake of repeat smear, however, were highest via phone call, indicating the importance of direct communication.

Flow rank based probabilistic fair scheduling for wireless ad hoc networks

Mamun-Or-Rashid, Md.,Alam, Muhammad Mahbub,Abdul Hamid, Md.,Hong, Choong Seon Springer-Verlag 2010 WIRELESS NETWORKS Vol.16 No.3

Association of rs1042522 Polymorphism with Increased Risk of Prostate Adenocarcinoma in the Pakistani Population and its HuGE Review

Khan, Mohammad Haroon,Rashid, Hamid,Mansoor, Qaiser,Hameed, Abdul,Ismail, Muhammad Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.9

Prostate adenocarcinoma is one of the leading causes of cancer related mortality in men but still limited knowledge is available about its associated functional SNPs including rs1042522 (Pro72Arg). The present study was undertaken to explore the association of this SNP with susceptibility to prostate adenocarcinoma along with its structural and functional impacts in the Pakistani population in a case-control study. Three-dimensional structure of human TP53 with Pro72Arg polymorphism was predicted through homology modeling, refined and validated for detailed structure-based assessment. We also carried out a HuGE review of the previous available data for this polymorphism. Different genetic models were used to evaluate the genotypes association with the increased risk of PCa (Allelic contrast: OR=0.0.34, 95%CI 0.24-0.50, p=0.000; GG vs CC: OR=0.17, 95%CI 0.08-0.38, p=0.000; Homozygous: OR=0.08, 95%CI 0.04-0.15, p=0.000; GC vs CC: OR=2.14, 95%CI 1.01-4.51, p=0.046; Recessive model: OR=0.10, 95%CI 0.05-0.18, p=0.000; Log Additive: OR=3.54, 95%CI 2.13-5.89, p=0.000) except the Dominant model (OR=0.77, 95%CI 0.39-1.52, p=0.46). Structure and functional analysis revealed that the SNP in the proline rich domain is responsible for interaction with HRMT1L2 and WWOX. In conclusion, it was observed that the Arg coding G allele is highly associated with increased risk of prostate adenocarcinoma in the Pakistani population (p=0.000).

Expression of Rice Chitinase Gene in Genetically Engineered Tomato Confers Enhanced Resistance to Fusarium Wilt and Early Blight

Nyla Jabeen,Zubeda Chaudhary,Muhammad Gulfraz,Hamid Rashid,Bushra Mirza 한국식물병리학회 2015 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.31 No.3

This is the first study reporting the evaluation of transgenic lines of tomato harboring rice chitinase (RCG3) gene for resistance to two important fungal pathogens Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol) causing fusarium wilt and Alternaria solani causing early blight (EB). In this study, three transgenic lines TL1, TL2 and TL3 of tomato Solanum lycopersicum Mill. cv. Riogrande genetically engineered with rice chitinase (RCG 3) gene and their R1 progeny was tested for resistance to Fol by root dip method and A. solani by detached leaf assay. All the R0 transgenic lines were highly resistant to these fungal pathogens compared to nontransgenic control plants. The pattern of segregation of three independent transformant for Fol and A. solani was also studied. Mendelian segregation was observed in transgenic lines 2 and 3 while it was not observed in transgenic line 1. It was concluded that introduction of chitinase gene in susceptible cultivar of tomato not only enhanced the resistance but was stably inherited in transgenic lines 2 and 3.

Expression of Rice Chitinase Gene in Genetically Engineered Tomato Confers Enhanced Resistance to Fusarium Wilt and Early Blight

Jabeen, Nyla,Chaudhary, Zubeda,Gulfraz, Muhammad,Rashid, Hamid,Mirza, Bushra The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2015 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.31 No.3

This is the first study reporting the evaluation of transgenic lines of tomato harboring rice chitinase (RCG3) gene for resistance to two important fungal pathogens Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol) causing fusarium wilt and Alternaria solani causing early blight (EB). In this study, three transgenic lines TL1, TL2 and TL3 of tomato Solanum lycopersicum Mill. cv. Riogrande genetically engineered with rice chitinase (RCG 3) gene and their R1 progeny was tested for resistance to Fol by root dip method and A. solani by detached leaf assay. All the R0 transgenic lines were highly resistant to these fungal pathogens compared to nontransgenic control plants. The pattern of segregation of three independent transformant for Fol and A. solani was also studied. Mendelian segregation was observed in transgenic lines 2 and 3 while it was not observed in transgenic line 1. It was concluded that introduction of chitinase gene in susceptible cultivar of tomato not only enhanced the resistance but was stably inherited in transgenic lines 2 and 3.

신흥국 자본 유출을 멈추려면

조셉스티글리츠 ( Joseph E. Stiglitz ),하미드라시드 ( Hamid Rashid ) 포스코경영연구소 2016 CHINDIA Plus Vol.114 No.-

Potential Risk Factors for Breast Cancer in Pakistani Women

Bano, Raisa,Ismail, Muhammad,Nadeem, Aamer,Khan, Mohammad Haroon,Rashid, Hamid Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.9

Background: Breast cancer is the most common female malignancy worldwide and its incidence is on the rise in Pakistan. The aim of this case-control study was to quantify the association of various risk factors with breast cancer risk among Pakistani women. Materials and Methods: A total of 2,246 women were studied, including 1,238 women with histologically confirmed breast cancer patients and age matched control subjects (N=1008) without breast cancer and other chronic diseases. Subjects were interviewed using a specifically designed questionnaire. Unconditional logistic regression was applied. Subsequent disease-specific mortality was also measured. Results: In this study, majority of the breast cancer patients (69.59%) were in age ranges of 40s and 50s. BMI greater than 25kg/m2 (OR=1.57; 95%CI, 1.26-1.90 and OR=1.60; 95%CI, 1.26-2.03), marital status of unmarried (OR=2.03; 95%CI, 1.69-2.44), lack of breast feeding, smoking (current or ever), lack of physical activity and post-menopausal status were found to have significant positive associations with breast cancer. It was also observed that increased parity reduced the disease risk. A larger number of cases (58.1%) had their right breast affected while 22.8% had other complications as well. Conclusions: This exploratory analysis indicated a number of risk factors to be associated with increased risk of breast cancer. It was also observed that mean age at diagnosis is a decade earlier than in western countries. It is hoped that our findings will facilitate establishment of adequate evidence-based awareness and preventive measures for Pakistani women.