Effect of Age on Energy Requirement for Maintenance and Growth of Dorper and Hu Crossbred F1 Ewes Weighing 20 to 50 kg

H.T. Nie,Y.J. Wan,J.H. You,Z.Y. Wang,S. Lan,Y.X. Fan,F. Wang 아세아·태평양축산학회 2015 Animal Bioscience Vol.28 No.8

This research aimed to define the energy requirement of Dorper and Hu Hybrid F1 ewes 20 to 50 kg of body weight, furthermore to study energy requirement changes with age and evaluate the effect of age on energy requirement parameters. In comparative slaughter trial, thirty animals were divided into three dry matter intake treatments (ad libitum, n = 18; low restricted, n = 6; high restricted, n = 6), and were all slaughtered as baseline, intermediate, and final slaughter groups, to calculate body chemical components and energy retained. In digestibility trial, twelve ewes were housed in individual metabolic cages and randomly assigned to three feeding treatments in accordance with the design of a comparative slaughter trial, to evaluate dietary energetic values at different feed intake levels. The combined data indicated that, with increasing age, the net energy requirement for maintenance (NEm) decreased from 260.62±13.21 to 250.61±11.79 kJ/kg0.75 of shrunk body weight (SBW)/d, and metabolizable energy requirement for maintenance (MEm) decreased from 401.99±20.31 to 371.23±17.47 kJ/kg0.75 of SBW/d. Partial efficiency of ME utilization for maintenance (km, 0.65 vs 0.68) and growth (kg, 0.42 vs 0.41) did not differ (p>0.05) due to age; At the similar condition of average daily gain, net energy requirements for growth (NEg) and metabolizable energy requirements for growth (MEg) for ewes during late fattening period were 23% and 25% greater than corresponding values of ewes during early fattening period. In conclusion, the effect of age upon energy requirement parameters in the present study were similar in tendency with previous recommendations, values of energy requirement for growth (NEg and MEg) for Dorper and Hu crossbred female lambs ranged between the NRC (2007) recommendation for early and later maturating growing sheep.

Effect of Age on Energy Requirement for Maintenance and Growth of Dorper and Hu Crossbred F1 Ewes Weighing 20 to 50 kg

Nie, H.T.,Wan, Y.J.,You, J.H.,Wang, Z.Y.,Lan, S.,Fan, Y.X.,Wang, F. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2015 Animal Bioscience Vol.28 No.8

This research aimed to define the energy requirement of Dorper and Hu Hybrid $F_1$ ewes 20 to 50 kg of body weight, furthermore to study energy requirement changes with age and evaluate the effect of age on energy requirement parameters. In comparative slaughter trial, thirty animals were divided into three dry matter intake treatments (ad libitum, n = 18; low restricted, n = 6; high restricted, n = 6), and were all slaughtered as baseline, intermediate, and final slaughter groups, to calculate body chemical components and energy retained. In digestibility trial, twelve ewes were housed in individual metabolic cages and randomly assigned to three feeding treatments in accordance with the design of a comparative slaughter trial, to evaluate dietary energetic values at different feed intake levels. The combined data indicated that, with increasing age, the net energy requirement for maintenance ($NE_m$) decreased from $260.62{\pm}13.21$ to $250.61{\pm}11.79kJ/kg^{0.75}$ of shrunk body weight (SBW)/d, and metabolizable energy requirement for maintenance (MEm) decreased from $401.99{\pm}20.31$ to $371.23{\pm}17.47kJ/kg^{0.75}$ of SBW/d. Partial efficiency of ME utilization for maintenance ($k_m$, 0.65 vs 0.68) and growth ($k_g$, 0.42 vs 0.41) did not differ (p>0.05) due to age; At the similar condition of average daily gain, net energy requirements for growth ($NE_g$) and metabolizable energy requirements for growth ($ME_g$) for ewes during late fattening period were 23% and 25% greater than corresponding values of ewes during early fattening period. In conclusion, the effect of age upon energy requirement parameters in the present study were similar in tendency with previous recommendations, values of energy requirement for growth ($NE_g$ and $ME_g$) for Dorper and Hu crossbred female lambs ranged between the NRC (2007) recommendation for early and later maturating growing sheep.

Multilayered optical bit storage in Sm(DBM)₃Phen-doped poly(methyl methacrylate) read out by fluorescence and reflection modes

Nie, Z G,Lim, K S,Jang, W Y,Lee, H Y,Lee, M K,Kabayashi, T Institute of Physics [etc.] 2010 Journal of physics. D, applied physics Vol.43 No.48

<P>We report on multilayer optical data storage using Sm(DBM)<SUB>3</SUB>Phen-doped poly(methyl methacrylate) and a tightly focused 800 nm, 1 kHz, 100 fs pulsed laser. After pulsed femtosecond laser irradiation, refractive-index change and a visible fluorescent bit were formed at the irradiated position inside the bulk sample. The photoluminescence should result from the ligands peeled from the central Sm<SUP>3+</SUP> ions via bond scission induced by laser irradiation. Multilayer patterns recorded by tightly focusing the pulsed laser beam were read out by a reflection-type fluorescence confocal microscope, which can detect the scattered signal and also the fluorescent signal of the stored bits. The dependence of fluorescence and scattering signals on recording pulse energy was examined. The signal-to-noise ratios via two retrieval modes were compared as a function of recording depth. The detection of the fluorescence signal enables retrieval of the stored bits with a higher S/N ratio.</P>

Quantitative selection of DNA aptamers through microfluidic selection and high-throughput sequencing.

Cho, Minseon,Xiao, Yi,Nie, Jeff,Stewart, Ron,Csordas, Andrew T,Oh, Seung Soo,Thomson, James A,Soh, H Tom National Academy of Sciences 2010 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF Vol.107 No.35

<P>We describe the integration of microfluidic selection with high-throughput DNA sequencing technology for rapid and efficient discovery of nucleic acid aptamers. The Quantitative Selection of Aptamers through Sequencing method tracks the copy number and enrichment-fold of more than 10 million individual sequences through multiple selection rounds, enabling the identification of high-affinity aptamers without the need for the pool to fully converge to a small number of sequences. Importantly, this method allows the discrimination of sequences that arise from experimental biases rather than true high-affinity target binding. As a demonstration, we have identified aptamers that specifically bind to PDGF-BB protein with K(d) < 3 nM within 3 rounds. Furthermore, we show that the aptamers identified by Quantitative Selection of Aptamers through Sequencing have approximately 3-8-fold higher affinity and approximately 2-4-fold higher specificity relative to those discovered through conventional cloning methods. Given that many biocombinatorial libraries are encoded with nucleic acids, we extrapolate that our method may be extended to other types of libraries for a range of molecular functions.</P>

Responses of Plants Elevated Levels of Carbon Dioxide

M B Kirkham,D Nie,H He,E T Kanemasu 한국농화학회 1993 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.36 No.5

Responses of Plants to Elevated Levels of Carbon Dioxide

M . B . Kirkham,D . Nie,H . He,E . T . Kanemasu 한국응용생명화학회(구 한국농화학회) 1993 식물생장과 환경 Vol.- No.-

Modelling of marine radionuclide dispersion in IAEA MODARIA program: Lessons learnt from the Baltic Sea and Fukushima scenarios

Periá,ñ,ez, R.,Bezhenar, R.,Brovchenko, I.,Duffa, C.,Iosjpe, M.,Jung, K.T.,Kobayashi, T.,Lamego, F.,Maderich, V.,Min, B.I.,Nies, H.,Osvath, I.,Outola, I.,Psaltaki, M.,Suh, K.S.,de With, G. Elsevier 2016 Science of the Total Environment Vol.569 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>State-of-the art dispersion models were applied to simulate <SUP>137</SUP>Cs dispersion from Chernobyl nuclear power plant disaster fallout in the Baltic Sea and from Fukushima Daiichi nuclear plant releases in the Pacific Ocean after the 2011 tsunami. Models were of different nature, from box to full three-dimensional models, and included water/sediment interactions. Agreement between models was very good in the Baltic. In the case of Fukushima, results from models could be considered to be in acceptable agreement only after a model harmonization process consisting of using exactly the same forcing (water circulation and parameters) in all models. It was found that the dynamics of the considered system (magnitude and variability of currents) was essential in obtaining a good agreement between models. The difficulties in developing operative models for decision-making support in these dynamic environments were highlighted. Three stages which should be considered after an emergency, each of them requiring specific modelling approaches, have been defined. They are the emergency, the post-emergency and the long-term phases.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Models applied to simulate <SUP>137</SUP>Cs marine dispersion after nuclear accidents. </LI> <LI> Not good agreement initially found in highly dynamic environments. </LI> <LI> Difficulties in developing models for decision making after emergencies highlighted. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>