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ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGY FOR THE DISABLED PEOPLE - SHOULD IT WORK? THE FRENCH APPROACH
M. Mokhtari,B. Abdurazak,B. Grandjean 한국과학기술원 인간친화 복지 로봇 시스템 연구센터 2001 International Journal of Assistive Robotics and Me Vol.2 No.2
Patients with motor impairments have a reduced action ability particularly those with a pathology involving the four limbs (quadriplegia due to spinal cord injury or muscular dystrophy). As proposed by Newell, the action ability of a person is molded by constraints arising from the body, the task and the environment. Accordingly, the factors determining the capacity of a disabled person to act on his/her environment can be related both to his/her bodily impairment, to the skills he/she could acquire during the rehabilitation process and to the adaptive devices he/she can use. Our prospect is to analyze these factors in order to provide rationale for the improvement and the development of assistive aids.<BR> In this paper we give a state of the art of different type of assistive devices available for the severely disabled people and we present the current research activities aiming to facilitate the accessibility to these systems by the end-users.<BR> The application of assistive technology to compensate the disability and improve the autonomy of the users requires an understanding of the user needs in this domain. Practically the role of our team is to develop new methods to analyze the human-machine interaction during the use of an assistive aid. Practically we experimented our theories of the human-machine interfaces on the rehabilitation robotics systems. Preliminary results with the participation of disabled people from the rehabilitation hospital Raymond Poincar? of Garches will be also included.
M,Mokhtari,B,Abdulrazak,M,A,Fki,R,Rodriguez,B,Grandjean 한국과학기술원 인간친화 복지 로봇 시스템 연구센터 2003 International Journal of Assistive Robotics and Me Vol.4 No.2
This paper describes our methodology to bridge rehabilitation robotics and smart homes (domotics), which are the two research areas aiming at the assistive technologies for disabled people. Rehabilitation robotics could be classified in two main research areas. The first area consists mainly on developing systems aiming to compensate for motor disabilities of the proper arm, usually due to spinal cord injuries or muscular dystrophies. This is defined as assistive robotics, where several systems appeared over the last two decades. It aims to help the disabled to be able to perform daily living tasks without assistance. The second area of research is the therapy robotics, or rehabilitation robotics, which aims at restoring motor deficiencies by using an arm robot with a defined protocol. Therapy robotics is mainly dedicated to people having a stroke. Smart homes, known as domotics in the Europe, aims at the user environment, to make it more accessible by adding automated controlled systems used via a common user interface, which is defined as an environmental control system. The smart homes context is not only limited to home environments, but is also applicable to hospitals, schools, outdoors, etc. In term of tasks we could say that smart homes are dedicated to control systems in the environment such as doors, windows, lights, TV, VCR, etc. Where, assistive robotics is mainly dedicated to manipulate objects, such as gripping object from the floor, drinking, eating, etc. This paper describes the adaptation of the software architecture developed for the Manus robot in the context of smart homes where the robot is considered as an object among the others.
Electron delocalization and charge mobility as a function of reduction in a metal–organic framework
Aubrey, Michael L.,Wiers, Brian M.,Andrews, Sean C.,Sakurai, Tsuneaki,Reyes-Lillo, Sebastian E.,Hamed, Samia M.,Yu, Chung-Jui,Darago, Lucy E.,Mason, Jarad A.,Baeg, Jin-Ook,Grandjean, Fernande,Long, Ga Nature Publishing Group UK 2018 Nature Materials Vol.17 No.7
<P>Conductive metal-organic frameworks are an emerging class of three-dimensional architectures with degrees of modularity, synthetic flexibility and structural predictability that are unprecedented in other porous materials. However, engendering long-range charge delocalization and establishing synthetic strategies that are broadly applicable to the diverse range of structures encountered for this class of materials remain challenging. Here, we report the synthesis of KxFe2(BDP)(3) (0 <= x <= 2; BDP2- =1,4-benzenedipyrazolate), which exhibits full charge delocalization within the parent framework and charge mobilities comparable to technologically relevant polymers and ceramics. Through a battery of spectroscopic methods, computational techniques and single-microcrystal field-effect transistor measurements, we demonstrate that fractional reduction of Fe-2(BDP)(3) results in a metal-organic framework that displays a nearly 10,000-fold enhancement in conductivity along a single crystallographic axis. The attainment of such properties in a KxFe2(BDP)(3) field-effect transistor represents the realization of a general synthetic strategy for the creation of new porous conductor-based devices.</P>