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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : Gereige, Issam (검색결과 2 건)
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Pae, Seong Ryul,Byun, Segi,Kim, Jekyung,Kim, Minkyu,Gereige, Issam,Shin, Byungha American Chemical Society 2018 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.10 No.1
<P>Recently, the trend in inverted hybrid perovskite solar cells (PVSCs) has been to utilize NiO<I><SUB>x</SUB></I> as hole transport layers. However, the majority of reported solution-processed NiO<I><SUB>x</SUB></I> films require a high-temperature thermal annealing process, which is unfavorable for large-scale manufacturing and suffers from lack of uniformity. We report, for the first time, e-beam evaporation as a low-temperature vacuum process for the deposition of NiO<I><SUB>x</SUB></I> hole transport layers for PVSCs. Device characterization shows that efficiency is on par with solution-processed methods, the highest efficiency at 15.4% with no obvious hysteresis. Differences are found to be due to the presence of more Ni<SUP>3+</SUP> in e-beam evaporated NiO<I><SUB>x</SUB></I>, which are responsible for a lower transmittance but higher conductivity. Most importantly, e-beam-evaporated NiO<I><SUB>x</SUB></I>-based PVSCs show greater uniformity and reproducibility compared to spin-coated NiO<I><SUB>x</SUB></I>-based PVSCs. Finally, e-beam-evaporated NiO<I><SUB>x</SUB></I> has the additional advantage of being produced by a low-temperature deposition process and applicable over large areas. This work, therefore, represents a significant step toward large-area PVSCs, where e-beam evaporation can be used for the low-temperature uniform deposition of charge-transport layers, such as NiO<I><SUB>x</SUB></I>.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>
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Kim, Min Kyu,Lee, Hyeon Seok,Pae, Seong Ryul,Kim, Dong-Jun,Lee, Jung-Yong,Gereige, Issam,Park, Steve,Shin, Byungha The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Journal of Materials Chemistry A Vol.6 No.48
<P>In this work, we have conducted a systematic study of the crystallization of perovskite thin-films during solution-shearing to elucidate how parameters such as substrate temperature and coating speed influence the morphology of the thin-film. Four distinct phases are identified and a morphological phase map is constructed. The formation of these phases is attributed to a delicate balance between the degree and rate of supersaturation and the flux of solution supply to the meniscus line, which dictates the nucleation and the crystal growth process. An optimal phase window is identified and the photovoltaic device under the chosen conditions exhibits a power conversion efficiency over 15%, which is comparable to that of a reference device prepared by the conventional spin-coating process. Furthermore, a large area perovskite film of 57 cm<SUP>2</SUP>is prepared. Small-area devices from different locations within the large-area film show uniform efficiencies with a deviation coefficient of 4.2%, demonstrating the high uniformity of the thin-film.</P>
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