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Ahad, Abdul,Haque, Ekramul,Tandon, Shruti The Korean Dental Society of Anesthsiology 2019 Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine Vol.19 No.1
Periodontal procedures require adequate anesthesia not only to ensure the patient's comfort but also to enhance the operator's performance and minimize chair time. In the maxilla, anesthesia is often achieved using highly traumatic nerve blocks, apart from multiple local infiltrations through the buccal vestibule. In recent years, anterior middle superior alveolar (AMSA) field block has been claimed to be a less traumatic alternative to several of these conventional injections, and it has many other advantages. This critical review of the existing literature aimed to discuss the rationale, mechanism, effectiveness, extent, and duration of AMSA injections for periodontal surgical and non-surgical procedures in the maxilla. It also focused on future prospects, particularly in relation to computer-controlled local anesthetic delivery systems, which aim to achieve the goal of pain-free anesthesia. A literature search of different databases was performed to retrieve relevant articles related to AMSA injections. After analyzing the existing data, it can be concluded that this anesthetic technique may be used as a predictable method of effective palatal anesthesia with adequate duration for different periodontal procedures. It has additional advantages of being less traumatic, requiring lesser amounts of local anesthetics and vasoconstrictors, as well as achieving good hemostasis. However, its effect on the buccal periodontium appears highly unpredictable.
Ahad, Abdul,Haque, Ekramul,Naaz, Sabiha,Bey, Afshan,Rahman, Sajjad Abdur The Korean Dental Society of Anesthsiology 2020 Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine Vol.20 No.6
Background: The anterior-middle superior alveolar (AMSA) anesthetic technique has been reported to be a less traumatic alternative to several conventional nerve blocks and local infiltration for anesthesia of the maxillary teeth, their periodontium, and the palate. However, its anatomic basis remains controversial. The present study aimed to determine if the pattern of cortical and cancellous bone density in the maxillary premolar region can provide a rationale for the success of the AMSA anesthetic technique. Method: Cone-beam computed tomography scans of 66 maxillary quadrants from 34 patients (16 men and 18 women) were evaluated using a volumetric imaging software for cortical and cancellous bone densities in three interdental regions between the canine and first molar. Bone density was measured in Hounsfield units (HU) separately for the buccal cortical, palatal cortical, buccal cancellous, and palatal cancellous bones. Mean HU values were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test and one-way ANOVA with post-hoc analysis. Results: Cancellous bone density was significantly lower (P ≤ 0.001) in the palatal half than in the buccal half across all three interdental regions. However, there was no significant difference (P = 0.106) between the buccal and palatal cortical bone densities at the site of AMSA injection. No significant difference was observed between the two genders for any of the evaluated parameters. Conclusions: The palatal half of the cancellous bone had a significantly lower density than the buccal half, which could be a reason for the effective diffusion of the anesthetic solution following a palatal injection during the AMSA anesthetic technique.
Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of Alocasia indica (Roxb.) Schott
Atiqur Rahman,M. Solaiman,Ekramul Haque,A. K. Das 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2011 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.11 No.3
The ethanol extract of the dried rhizome of Alocasia indica (Roxb.) Schott. (Family - Araceae) was investigated for its possible analgesic and antiinflammatory activities in animal models. The extract showed significant (P<0.001) writhing inhibition in acetic acid-induced writhing in mice at the oral dose of 300 and 600 mg/kg of body weight comparable to the standard drug diclofenac sodium at the dose of 25 mg/kg of body weight. Moreover, when given orally to rats at dose of 300 and 600 mg/kg of body weight, the extract showed a significant (P<0.001) anti-inflammatory activity against carrageenin induced paw edema in rats which was comparable to the standard drug aspirin at the dose of 150 mg/kg of body weight. The overall results tend to suggest the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of the crude ethanolic extract of dried rhizome of Alocasia indica (Roxb.) Schott. The obtained results provide a support for the use of this plant in traditional medicine and its further investigation.
Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of $Alocasia$ $indica$ ($Roxb.$) $Schott$
Rahman, Md. Atiqur,Solaiman, Md.,Haque, Md. Ekramul,Das, A.K. 경희한의학연구센터 2011 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.11 No.3
The ethanol extract of the dried rhizome of Alocasia indica (Roxb.) Schott. (Family - Araceae) was investigated for its possible analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities in animal models. The extract showed significant ($P$ <0.001) writhing inhibition in acetic acid-induced writhing in mice at the oral dose of 300 and 600 mg/kg of body weight comparable to the standard drug diclofenac sodium at the dose of 25 mg/kg of body weight. Moreover, when given orally to rats at dose of 300 and 600 mg/kg of body weight, the extract showed a significant ($P$ <0.001) anti-inflammatory activity against carrageenin induced paw edema in rats which was comparable to the standard drug aspirin at the dose of 150 mg/kg of body weight. The overall results tend to suggest the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of the crude ethanolic extract of dried rhizome of $Alocasia$ $indica$ ($Roxb.$) $Schott$. The obtained results provide a support for the use of this plant in traditional medicine and its further investigation.
Antimicrobial, antileishmanial and cytotoxic compounds from Piper chaba.
Naz, Tarannum,Mosaddik, Ashik,Rahman, Motiur,Muhammad, Ilias,Haque, Ekramul,Cho, Somi Kim Taylor Francis Health Sciences 2012 Natural product research Vol.26 No.11
<P>The petroleum ether and chloroform extracts of the root of Piper chaba showed antimicrobial, antileishmanial and cytotoxic activities. Further bioactivity-guided fractionation led to the isolation of Bornyl piperate (1), piperlonguminine (2) and piperine (3). This is the first report of isolation of compounds (1) and (2) from P. chaba. It was observed that the isolated compounds (1 and 2) showed potent antifungal activity when compared with standard drug Nystatin, and significant cytotoxic activity with the IC?????? values of 0.76 and 0.83???µg???mL???, respectively. These compounds were also found to have weak antibacterial and antileishmanial activities. This is the first report about the antileishmanial activity of Piper isolates.</P>
Farjana Nikkon,M. Rowshanul Habib,M. Rezaul Karim,M. Shamim Hossain,M. Ashik Mosaddik,M. Ekramul Haque The Korean Society of Mycology 2008 Mycobiology Vol.36 No.3
The crude ethanol extracts (stem and fruits), their fractions and two triterpenes, β-Amyrin and 12-Oleanene 3β, 21β-diol, isolated as a mixture from the chloroform soluble fraction of an ethanolic extract of Duranta repens stem, were evaluated for antibacterial, antifungal activities by the disc diffusion method and cytotoxicity by brine shrimp lethality bioassay. The structures of the two compounds were confirmed by IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and LC-MS spectral data. The chloroform soluble fraction of stem and ethanol extract of fruits possess potent antishigellosis activity and also exhibited moderate activity against some pathogenic bacteria and fungi but the isolated compound 1 (mixture of β-Amyrin and 12-Oleanene 3β, 21β-diol) showed mild to moderate inhibitory activity to microbial growth. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the extracts (stem and fruits), their fractions and compound 1 were found to be in the range of 32~128 μg/ml. The chloroform soluble fractions of stem and ethanol extract of fruit showed significant cytotoxicity with LC50 value of 0.94 μg/ml and 0.49 μg/ml, respectively against brine shrimp larvae.