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Process intensification strategies and membrane engineering
Drioli, Enrico,Brunetti, Adele,Di Profio, Gianluca,Barbieri, Giuseppe The Royal Society of Chemistry 2012 Green chemistry Vol.14 No.6
<P>An important contribution to the realization of industrial sustainable development can be given by “green process engineering”. Based on the principles of the Process intensification strategy it can lead to the development and the re-design of new processes more compact and efficient that allow the better exploitation of raw materials, a lower energy consumption and a reduced plant volume. Membrane technology contributes to the pursuit of these principles and, in the last few years, the potentialities of membrane operations have been widely recognized. In this work, an overview of membrane application and their perspectives in the field of hydrogen production and distillation will be analysed considering membrane reactors and membrane distillation as case studies. The scope is to show how the redesign as membrane systems of traditional operations might contribute to the realization of the goals of process intensification and green chemistry by a new “green process engineering”.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>Green chemistry and green process engineering also mean new processes such as those based on membrane reactors and membrane contactors. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c2gc16668b'> </P>
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Efrem Corcio,,Sulaiman AI Obaidani,Francesca Macedonio,Gianluca Di Profio,Silvia Gualtieri,Enrico Drioli 한국막학회 2007 멤브레인 Vol.17 No.2
The reliability of innovative membrane contactors technology (i.e. Gas/Liquid Membrane Contactors, Membrane Distillation/Crystallization) is today increasing for seawater desalination processes, where traditional pressure-driven membrane separation units are routinely operated. Furthermore, conventional membrane operations can be integrated with membrane contactors in order to promote possible improvements in process efficiency, operational stability, environmental impact, water quality and cost. Seawater is the most abundant aqueous solution on the earth: the amount of dissolved salts covers about 3% of its composition, and six elements (Na, Mg, Ca, K, Cl, S) account for more than 90% of ionic species. Recent investigations on Membrane Distillation-Crystallization have shown the possibility to achieve significant overall water recovery factors, to limit the brine disposal problem, and to recover valuable salts (i.e. calcium sulphate, sodium chloride, magnesium sulphate) by combining this technology with conventional RO trains. In this work, the kinetics of CaSO42H2O, NaCl and MgSO47H2O crystallization is experimentally investigated in order to improve the design of the membrane-based crystallization unit.
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Curcio, Efrem,Obaidani, Sulaiman Al,Macedonio, Francesca,Profio, Gianluca Di,Gualtieri, Silvia,Drioli, Enrico 한국막학회 2007 멤브레인 Vol.17 No.2
The reliability of innovative membrane contactors technology (i.e. Gas/Liquid Membrane Contactors, Membrane Distillation/Crystallization) is today increasing for seawater desalination processes, where traditional pressure-driven membrane separation units are routinely operated. Furthermore, conventional membrane operations can be integrated with membrane contactors in order to promote possible improvements in process efficiency, operational stability, environmental impact, water quality and cost. Seawater is the most abundant aqueous solution on the earth: the amount of dissolved salts covers about 3% of its composition, and six elements (Na, Mg, Ca, K, Cl, S) account for more than 90% of ionic species. Recent investigations on Membrane Distillation-Crystallization have shown the possibility to achieve significant overall water recovery factors, to limit the brine disposal problem, and to recover valuable salts (i.e. calcium sulphate, sodium chloride, magnesium sulphate) by combining this technology with conventional RO trains. In this work, the kinetics of CaSO4 · 2H2O, NaCl and MgSO4 ·7H2O crystallization is experimentally investigated in order to improve the design of the membrane-based crystallization unit.
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