http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Turning points in the practice of liver surgery: A historical review
Giovanni Domenico Tebala,Stefano Avenia,Roberto Cirocchi,Antonella Delvecchio,Jacopo Desiderio,Domenico Di Nardo,Francesca Duro,Alessandro Gemini,Felice Giuliante,Riccardo Memeo,Gennaro Nuzzo 한국간담췌외과학회 2024 Annals of hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery Vol.28 No.3
The history of liver surgery is a tale of progressive resolution of issues presenting one after another from ancient times to the present days when dealing with liver ailments. The perfect knowledge of human liver anatomy and physiology and the development of a proper liver resective surgery require time and huge efforts and, mostly, the study and research of giants of their own times, whose names are forever associated with anatomical landmarks, thorough descriptions, and surgical approaches. The control of parenchymal bleeding after trauma and during resection is the second issue that surgeons have to resolve. A good knowledge of intra and extrahepatic vascular anatomy is a necessary condition to develop techniques of vascular control, paving the way to liver transplantation. Last but not least, the issue of residual liver function after resection requires advanced techniques of volume redistribution through redirection of blood inflow. These are the same problems any young surgeon would face when approaching liver surgery for the first time. Therefore, obtaining a wide picture of historical evolution of liver surgery could be a great starting point to serve as an example and a guide.
Turning points in the practice of liver surgery: A historical review
Giovanni Domenico Tebala,Stefano Avenia,Roberto Cirocchi,Antonella Delvecchio,Jacopo Desiderio,Domenico Di Nardo,Francesca Duro,Alessandro Gemini,Felice Giuliante,Riccardo Memeo,Gennaro Nuzzo 한국간담췌외과학회 2024 한국간담췌외과학회지 Vol.28 No.3
The history of liver surgery is a tale of progressive resolution of issues presenting one after another from ancient times to the present days when dealing with liver ailments. The perfect knowledge of human liver anatomy and physiology and the development of a proper liver resective surgery require time and huge efforts and, mostly, the study and research of giants of their own times, whose names are forever associated with anatomical landmarks, thorough descriptions, and surgical approaches. The control of parenchymal bleeding after trauma and during resection is the second issue that surgeons have to resolve. A good knowledge of intra and extrahepatic vascular anatomy is a necessary condition to develop techniques of vascular control, paving the way to liver transplantation. Last but not least, the issue of residual liver function after resection requires advanced techniques of volume redistribution through redirection of blood inflow. These are the same problems any young surgeon would face when approaching liver surgery for the first time. Therefore, obtaining a wide picture of historical evolution of liver surgery could be a great starting point to serve as an example and a guide.
Growth of Nanosized Single Crystals for Efficient Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes
Lee, Seungjin,Park, Jong Hyun,Nam, Yun Seok,Lee, Bo Ram,Zhao, Baodan,Di Nuzzo, Daniele,Jung, Eui Dae,Jeon, Hansol,Kim, Ju-Young,Jeong, Hu Young,Friend, Richard H.,Song, Myoung Hoon American Chemical Society 2018 ACS NANO Vol.12 No.4
<P>Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites are emerging as promising emitting materials due to their narrow full-width at half-maximum emissions, color tunability, and high photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs). However, the thermal generation of free charges at room temperature results in a low radiative recombination rate and an excitation-intensity-dependent PLQY, which is associated with the trap density. Here, we report perovskite films composed of uniform nanosized single crystals (average diameter = 31.7 nm) produced by introducing bulky amine ligands and performing the growth at a lower temperature. By effectively controlling the crystal growth, we maximized the radiative bimolecular recombination yield by reducing the trap density and spatially confining the charges. Finally, highly bright and efficient green emissive perovskite light-emitting diodes that do not suffer from electroluminescence blinking were achieved with a luminance of up to 55 400 cd m<SUP>-2</SUP>, current efficiency of 55.2 cd A<SUP>-1</SUP>, and external quantum efficiency of 12.1%.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>
Conjugated Polyelectrolytes as Efficient Hole Transport Layers in Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes
Lee, Bo Ram,Yu, Jae Choul,Park, Jong Hyun,Lee, Seungjin,Mai, Cheng-Kang,Zhao, Baodan,Wong, Matthew S.,Jung, Eui Dae,Nam, Yun Seok,Park, Song Yi,Di Nuzzo, Daniele,Kim, Jin Young,Stranks, Samuel D.,Baza American Chemical Society 2018 ACS NANO Vol.12 No.6
<P>Perovskite-based optoelectronic devices have been rapidly developing in the past 5 years. Since the first report, the external quantum efficiency (EQE) of perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) has increased rapidly through the control of morphology and structure from 0.1% to more than 11%. Here, we report the use of various conjugated polyelectrolytes (CPEs) as the hole injection layer in PeLEDs. In particular, we find that poly[2,6-(4,4-bis-potassium butanylsulfonate)-4<I>H</I>-cyclopenta-[2,1-<I>b</I>;3,4-<I>b</I>′]-dithiophene)] (PCPDT-K) transfers holes effectively, blocks electron transport from the perovskite to the underlying ITO layer, and reduces luminescence quenching at the perovskite/PCPDT-K interface. Our optimized PeLEDs with PCPDT-K show enhanced EQE by a factor of approximately 4 compared to control PeLEDs with PEDOT:PSS, reaching EQE values of 5.66%, and exhibit improved device stability.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>