Freedom of contract in the digital age and its implementation in modern technologies: theory and practice

Davydova, Iryna,Bernaz-Lukavetska, Olena,Tokareva, Vira,Andriienko, Iryna,Tserkovna, Olena International Journal of Computer ScienceNetwork S 2021 International journal of computer science and netw Vol.21 No.spc12

Scientific and technical development, as well as the emergence of new types of contracts, which do not have their expression in current legislation, force us to explore the issues of contract law to adapt to change. In this context, the principle of freedom of contract is fundamental, which states that each person has the right to enter into a contractual relationship at his discretion. However, such freedom is not absolute, because the freedom of one person should not violate the freedom of another. Together with the conflict of private and public interests, these phenomena are a field for the study of topical issues of theory and application of the principle of freedom of contract in practice. Research methods are philosophical, general scientific, and special scientific methods, in particular, system-structural, formal-legal, hermeneutic; methods of analysis, synthesis, etc. As a result of the research, the main characteristics of the principle of freedom of contract, its role for private law regulation of contract law are given; approaches to understanding the restriction of contract freedom are analyzed; typical examples and means of such restrictions are identified; demonstrated how contract freedom is embodied in the use of IT tools, which types of contracts are most common in the digital environment.

Virtual Assets as the Newest Object of Property Rights

Davydova, Iryna,Zhurylo, Serhii,Tserkovna, Olena,Herasymchuk, Lidiia,Tokareva, Vira International Journal of Computer ScienceNetwork S 2022 International journal of computer science and netw Vol.22 No.5

New realities of social relations are changing the understanding of certain phenomena, including the emergence of new concepts among the objects of property rights, such as: virtual assets, and the circulation of virtual assets. The rapid development of the virtual assets market involves the legislative consolidation of the status of such assets, changes in taxation, their circulation, and so on. These circumstances increase the interest in the study of virtual assets as the latest object of property rights and necessitate the study of this topic. The work aims to explore the theoretical developments and regulations on virtual assets in the modern world, as well as to summarize the conclusions about virtual assets as the latest object of property rights. The object of research is the content of the concept of "virtual asset" and its legal status. The methodology of work is represented by a set of methods and techniques that were used to achieve this goal, namely: hermeneutic, historical, extrapolation, comparative law, generalization, analysis, synthesis, and deduction. The study analyzed different approaches to understanding virtual assets, analyzed the characteristics of virtual assets, and concluded that in today's conditions there is no single unified legal regulation of virtual assets, although many countries are moving towards consolidating the status of virtual assets.

Features of State Regulation of the Hotel and Restaurant Business in the Digital Economy

Davydova, Olena,Tomalia, Tetiana,Prylepa, Nataliia,Hryzovska, Liliia,Borutska, Yuliia International Journal of Computer ScienceNetwork S 2022 International journal of computer science and netw Vol.22 No.9

The main purpose of the study is to determine the features of state regulation of the hotel and restaurant business in the digital economy. Particularly relevant are the processes of digitalization of the service sector. Trade and transport companies, enterprises in the hotel and restaurant industry, catering got the opportunity to expand the target audience, improve the quality of service, develop at an accelerated pace, take into account that in the global digital economy, victory will go to those whose arsenal will involve a large number of high-quality digital platforms. As a result of the study, key aspects of state regulation of the hotel and restaurant business in the digital economy were identified.

Freedom of contract in the digital age and its implementation in modern technologies: theory and practice

Davydova, Iryna,Bernaz-Lukavetska, Olena,Tokareva, Vira,Andriienko, Iryna,Tserkovna, Olena International Journal of Computer ScienceNetwork S 2021 International journal of computer science and netw Vol.21 No.12

Scientific and technical development, as well as the emergence of new types of contracts, which do not have their expression in current legislation, force us to explore the issues of contract law to adapt to change. In this context, the principle of freedom of contract is fundamental, which states that each person has the right to enter into a contractual relationship at his discretion. However, such freedom is not absolute, because the freedom of one person should not violate the freedom of another. Together with the conflict of private and public interests, these phenomena are a field for the study of topical issues of theory and application of the principle of freedom of contract in practice. Research methods are philosophical, general scientific, and special scientific methods, in particular, system-structural, formal-legal, hermeneutic; methods of analysis, synthesis, etc. As a result of the research, the main characteristics of the principle of freedom of contract, its role for private law regulation of contract law are given; approaches to understanding the restriction of contract freedom are analyzed; typical examples and means of such restrictions are identified; demonstrated how contract freedom is embodied in the use of IT tools, which types of contracts are most common in the digital environment.

Gas sensing behavior of composite diamond nanostructures

Marina DAVYDOVA,Neda NEYKOVA,Alexandr LAPOSA,Jiri KROUTIL,Alexander KROMKA 한국진공학회 2016 한국진공학회 학술발표회초록집 Vol.2016 No.8

How to Board an Aircraft in Chukotka

Elena Davydova Academy of Mobility Humanities 2024 Mobility Humanities Vol.3 No.2

Based on ethnography of airports in Eastern Arctic Russia (Chukotka), this article examines institutionalised practices of active waiting prior to the boarding of an aircraft, called the podsadka. On the one hand, a distinct feature of Russian Arctic aviation is its unpredictability. Delays, cancellations of flights, and persistent waiting by passengers are an inevitable part of the everyday life of airports in Chukotka. On the other hand, even in remote places of the Russian North, airports are spaces of heightened control. This article argues that the disjuncture between the rigidity of airports and the flexibility of people creates a podsadka game among passengers and contributes to its “hunting”/“active” peculiarities. The article begins with a comparison of passenger and air carrier perspectives, which are termed “lucky” and “efficient” mobilities, respectively. It expands on this theme by considering airports as spaces for displays of diverse airport regulations and passenger intentions. Finally, it focuses on specific traits of Chukotkan mobility that include overcoming multiple queues and waiting, revealing the strategies applied by local people to be lucky in their travels.

Platinum Group Metals Recovery From Highly Radioactive Raffinate of NPP SNF Reprocessing

P.V. Davydova,Y.I. Korneyko,V.A. Korolev,L.V. Krasnikov,A.A. Lumpov,N.D. Galitsky,A.D. Ushanov 한국방사성폐기물학회 2023 한국방사성폐기물학회 학술논문요약집 Vol.21 No.1

Рrecipitation of platinum group metals (Rh, Ru, Pd, so-called MPG) from the melt essentially affects the reliability of installations for vitrification of high-level liquid radioactive waste (HLW). To date, it is difficult to find an approach which allows simultaneous recovery of all three metals. The aim of our work was to select a sorbent that would provide simultaneous up to complete recovery of given metals. The following inorganic materials were tested as sorbents – yellow blood salt (YBS).and hexacyanoferrates of iron, aluminum, copper and nickel. The degree of metal recovery was studied is influenced by the temperature and concentration of nitric acid. Only palladium was completely recovered using YBS. At the same time, specially prepared iron hexacyanoferrate (HCF-Fe) under optimal experimental conditions recovers almost all Pd and more than 95% and 90% of Rh and Ru, respectively. The behavior of fission products, including the main dose-forming components of HLW (Cs, Sr) and Mo, U, Ag, REE) in the course of MPG recovery was studied. The experiments were carried using both multicomponent model solutions and real raffinates. Options for further management of the recovered metals have been worked out. Thus, the proposed method of metal recovery seems promising for the development of a technology for the removal of MPG from nitric HLW during the reprocessing of the spent nuclear fuel (SNF) before vitrification. The recovered metals can be probably used in various technological processes. Also, this method can provide the MPG recovery from low-concentration tail solutions.

Information Technologies In Teaching: The Basis Of Students' Knowledge

Morska, Nataliia,Fedorenko, Olena,Davydova, Olha,Andreev, Vitaly,Bohatyryova, Galina,Shcherbakova, Nataliia International Journal of Computer ScienceNetwork S 2021 International journal of computer science and netw Vol.21 No.2

The paper proposes to consider information technologies and their application in the educational process as a preparation of presentation material for students of higher educational institutions. The definition and place of information technologies in the educational space are considered. The object of research of this work is the pedagogical technology of presentation of educational information, which substantiates the pedagogical technology of visualization of educational information in higher education, as well as determine its composition and structure. The practical side of pedagogical technology of educational information presentation is considered.