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영암댐의 어도를 이용하는 회유성 어류 자원의 계절적 변화 연구
오철웅,황종서,박경양,송태곤 木浦大學校 沿岸環境硏究所 1999 沿岸環境硏究 Vol.16 No.1
영암호 통선겸용 갑문식 어도에서 총 30회의 어류 조사 결과 줄공치, 웅어, 숭어, 빙어, 전어 등 총 25종이 출현하였다. 어도의 출현 종은 계절별로 종조성, 개체수, 생체량에 있어서 크게 변동하는 것을 보여 주었다. 월별 총출현 종수는 6월에 12종으로 가장 많은 종이 출현하였으며, 다음으로 7, 8, 9월에 11종, 10월에 10종이었으며, 11월에 6종, 4월과 5월에 각각 5종으로 가장 적은 종수의 출현하였다. 종다양도지수 또한 6월에 1.048로 가장 높았으며, 11월에 0.346으로 가장 낮게 나타났다. 출현종의 개체수는 봄철이후로 전반적인 감소 경향을 보여 주었으며, 주요 우점종의 전체 개체수는 줄공치, 웅어, 빙어, 숭어의 순으로 나타났다. 생체량도 개체수의 변화와 마찬가지로 봄철이후로 전반적인 감소 경향을 보여 주었으며, 주요 우점종에 대한 전체 비율를 보면 웅어, 줄공치, 빙어, 숭어의 순으로 나타났다. 이러한 영암호 통선겸용 갑문식 어도에서 어도 이용 생물의 종조성, 개체수 및 생체량의 뚜렷한 계절적인 변화 (temporal variation)를 관찰 할 수 있었다. 이러한 결과는 계절별로 다양한 종들이 그들의 생활사의 일부 기간에 어도를 효과적으로 이용하고 있다는 것을 반영해 주었다. 우점종의 한종인 줄공치의 체장빈도분포 분석결과 줄공치는 두개의 연급군으로 이루어져 있으며, 두번째 연급군이 탁월 연급군이었다. 가입은 주로 여름철 (8월과 9월)에 일어났다. 이러한 결과는 줄공치가 치어기부터 성어기까지 어도를 이용하고 있다는 것을 지적해 주고 있다. Investigations were made on the temporal changes in species composition and species diversity, number of individuals and biomass of fishes in the fish way constructed at Young-am Dam. During the sampling period total 25 species were observed. Of these, dominant species were Hemiramphus kurumaeus, Coilia ectenes, Mugil cephalus, and Hypomesus olidus. Number of species was the most numerous in June (12) and the least in April and May (5). Similar results were found in the species diversity index (H'), which was 1.048 in June and 0.346 in November. There were variations in number of Individuals and biomass of fishes in the fish way, showing a gradual decline from summer to Autumn. This suggests that a variety of adult and larval fishes utilized in the fish way as a channel of migration in relation to their life history. Number of individuals (percentage of total number) was in the order of Hemiramphus kurumaeus (63%), Coilia ectenes (17%), Hypomesus olidus (15%), Mugil cephalus (5%) and biomass (percentage of total biomass) in the order of Coilia ectenes (51%), Hemiramphus kurumaeus (35%), Hypomesus olidus (7%), Mugil cephalus (4%). For one of the dominant species, Hemiramphus kurumaeus, length-frequency distribution showed that it consisted of two cohorts, with predominance in the 2nd cohort and recruitment occurred mainly in August and September, indicating utilization of fish way at various stages during its life history.
방양원,이규황,이후경,함웅,윤성철 大韓神經精神醫學會 1995 신경정신의학 Vol.34 No.4
Objects : This study was conducted to understand the essential group phenomena of Encounter group and Patient group through the global comparison of short-term group psychotherapy between two groups. Methods : The Encounter group consisted of 17 normal persons and Patient group consisted of 19 patients with schizophrenia. all the members of the two groups were unmarried females. The mean rank of therapeutic factors of two groups was compared by short-form of Yalom's Q-sort. The differences between each therapeutic factor of two groups was compared by Mann-Whitney test. Also the global differences between two groups were compared by analyzing both the individuals within the groups and the groups as a whole. Results : The results of the comparison of the therapeutic factors of the two groups are as follows : 1) Existential factor was set a high value by all the two groups. 2) Encounter group set a high value an interpersonal learning(Input), but Patient group set a high value on instillation of hope and group cohesiveness. 3) Identification was set a high value by Encounter group, but was set a low value by Patient group. The results of the global analysis of two groups are as follows : 1) It was more difficult for Encounter group to maintain the motivation of attendance and to recognize their own problems than Patient group. 2) All the leaders and the members of Encounter group showed more positive attitude than those of Patient group. On the contrary all the leaders and the members of Patient group showed more negative attitude than those of encounter group. 3) Patient group expressed more intense feelings and expressed the feelings more frankly and more simply than Encounter group. 4) Encounter group dealt with the matters pertaining to "self realization", that is, fundamental question of human beings more than Patient group. Patient group dealt with the matters pertaining to social adaptation, that is , "ego strengthening" more than Encounter group. 5) In Encounter group, the feeling of in feriority was the major cause of the dropout. But in patient group, the discharge from hospital was the major cause of th dropout. Conclusion : We have found out the various differences between encounter group and patient group by the comparison of therapeutic factors and analytic understanding of the two groups. These results are the basic data for understanding of Encounter group and Patient group. And these results can be applied to the development of the skills of group psychotherapy for the treatment of the patients.
An Efficient Dynamic Hash Index Structure for NAND Flash Memory
YANG, Chul-Woong,LEE, Ki Yong,KIM, Myoung Ho,LEE, Yoon-Joon The Institute of Electronics, Information and Comm 2009 IEICE transactions on fundamentals of electronics, Vol.92 No.7
<P>We propose an efficient dynamic hash index structure suitable for a NAND flash memory environment. Since write operations incur significant overhead in NAND flash memory, our design of index structure focuses on minimizing the number of write operations for hash index updates. Through a set of extensive experiments, we show the effectiveness of the proposed hash index structure in a NAND flash memory environment.</P>
Dynamic Forest: An Efficient Index Structure for NAND Flash Memory
YANG, Chul-Woong,YONG LEE, Ki,HO KIM, Myoung,LEE, Yoon-Joon The Institute of Electronics, Information and Comm 2009 IEICE transactions on information and systems Vol.92 No.5
<P>In this paper, we present an efficient index structure for NAND flash memory, called the Dynamic Forest (D-Forest). Since write operations incur high overhead on NAND flash memory, D-Forest is designed to minimize write operations for index updates. The experimental results show that D-Forest significantly reduces write operations compared to the conventional B+-tree.</P>
Woong Chul Lee,Hyeon Woong Yang,Yun Jung Lee,Sung Hee Jung,Gi Young Choi,Hoon Go,Anna Kim,Sang Woo Cha 대한의학회 2008 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.23 No.3
Brunner’s gland hyperplasia is a benign tumor of the duodenum and it is rarely associated with clinical symptoms. We report on a 64-yr-old man with Brunner’s gland hyperplasia who had undergone a duodenocephalo-pancreatectomy. The reason is that he presented upper gastrointestinal obstructive symptoms and the esophagogastroduodenoscopic finding revealed the lesion to be an infiltrating type mass on the second portion of the duodenum with luminal narrowing. An abdominal computed tomography showed a 2.5 cm-sized mass in the duodenal second portion with a suspicious pancreatic invasion and 7 mm-sized lymph node around the duodenum. Duodenocephalopancreatectomy was successfully performed. Histological examination revealed a Brunner’s gland hyperplasia. The final diagnosis was the coexistence of Brunner’s gland hyperplasia and pancreatic heterotopia with a pancreatic head invasion. The literature on Brunner’s gland hyperplasia is reviewed.