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( Tae Un Yang ),( Ji Yun Noh ),( Joon-young Song ),( Hee Jin Cheong ),( Woo Joo Kim ) 대한내과학회 2021 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.36 No.2
The Republic of Korea (ROK) experienced a public health crisis due to Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) in 2015 and is currently going through the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Lessons learned from the disastrous MERS outbreak were ref lected in the preparedness system, and the readiness capabilities that were subsequently developed enabled the country to successfully flatten the epidemic curve of COVID-19 in late February and March 2020. In this review, we summarize and compare the epidemiology and response of the ROK to the 2015 MERS outbreak and the COVID-19 epidemic in early 2020. We emphasize that, because further COVID-19 waves seem inevitable, it is urgent to develop comprehensive preparedness and response plans for the worst-case scenarios of the COVID-19 pandemic. Simultaneously strengthening healthcare capacity to endure the peak demand and implementing smart strategies to sustain social distancing and public hygiene are necessary until safe and effective therapeutics and vaccines against COVID-19 are available.
Effect of Inorganic and Organic Germanium Treatments on the Growth of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa)
Cheong, Yong-Hwa,Kim, Sung-Un,Seo, Dong-Cheol,Chang, Nam-Ik,Lee, Jun-Bae,Park, Jong-Hwan,Kim, Kap-Soon,Kim, Sang-Don,Kim, Hyeon-Tae,Heo, Jong-Soo,Cho, Ju-Sik The Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistr 2009 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.52 No.4
Germanium (Ge) is a rare heavy metal and is known to toxic to plants at high level. However, there is little evidence about the Ge effect on plant growth. Here, we investigated the effect of inorganic ($GeO_2$) and organic (Ge-132) germanium on lettuce growth by treatment with various concentrations of $GeO_2$ and Ge-132. Under $GeO_2$ treatment, lettuce growth was not much inhibited at 2.5 mg/L concentration and then significantly inhibited at 5 mg/L concentration. However, under Ge-132 treatment, lettuce growth was not much inhibited by concentrations up to 10 mg/L. Relative fresh weight of lettuce at 2.5, 5, 10 and 25 mg/L concentrations was 99, 76, 65 and 35% in $GeO_2$ treatments and was 105, 99, 97 and 75% in Ge-132 treatments, respectively. In $GeO_2$ treatments, Ge was highly accumulated in the roots at concentration below 10 mg/L and in the shoots at concentration above 25 mg/L. However, Ge was primarily accumulated in the roots at all Ge-132 concentrations. Accumulated Ge amounts of plants under $GeO_2$ treatment were 0.72 mg/g DW in roots and 0.27 mg/g DW in shoots at a 10 mg/L concentration. At a 50 mg/L concentration of $GeO_2$, the Ge content was 0.77 mg/g DW in roots and 1.58 mg/g DW in shoots, respectively. Based on our results, inorganic germanium is more toxic for lettuce growth than organic germanium. Upper critical toxic levels for lettuce growth were 2.5 to 5 mg/L concentrations in $GeO_2$ treatments and 10 to 25 mg/L concentration in Ge-132 treatments, respectively.
정운태 ( Cheong Un Tae ),이근후 ( Lee Keun Hoo ),이인영 ( Lee In Young ) 한국농공학회 1998 한국농공학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.1998 No.-
To investigate the water balance in a paddy rice field with the pumping station for irrigation water supply, flow measurements and analysis on various components of water balance were carried out. The investigated area is 103.7 ha, and the irrigation water was supplied for 102 days during the total irrigation period starting from June 1. It was found that the consumption rate was increased as the growing stage was progressed. The variation of evapotranspiration rate was shown same tendency as the consumption rate, while no apparent tendency was found in infiltration rate upon different growing stages. And the ground water input to the area was predominant during the early stage of growing period, while ground water output from the study area was predominant at the end of the growing stage. The range of return flow rate, the ratio of total outflow to total inflow in every decad, was 57.6 to 85.7%. These values are slightly higher than reported values from the other investigation projects.
Survey on public awareness, attitudes, and barriers for herpes zoster vaccination in South Korea.
Yang, Tae Un,Cheong, Hee Jin,Song, Joon Young,Noh, Ji Yun,Kim, Woo Joo Landes Bioscience 2015 Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics Vol.11 No.3
<P>A cross-sectional study was performed to assess current public awareness of herpes zoster (HZ) and its vaccine, determine the factors that influence people's intention regarding HZ vaccination, and investigate the barriers for vaccination by changing decisions with sequential questions regarding knowledge, cost, and physician's recommendation in the Department of Infectious Diseases, Korea University Guro Hospital, in South Korea, between August 23 and September 15 of 2013. Among 603 subjects who completed the survey, 85.7% and 43.6% subjects were aware of HZ and HZ vaccination, respectively. Women, younger age group, those with higher income or higher education levels were more likely to be aware of HZ. Overall, 85.8% of subjects aware of HZ were willing to be vaccinated or vaccinate their parents. The main obstacles for the increased acceptance toward vaccination were the high cost and low perceived risk, which decreased acceptance to 60.2%. However, physician's recommendation reversed 69.5% of the refusal to accept HZ vaccine. These results indicate that expanding public education and physician's recommendations are important factors aimed at increasing HZ vaccine coverage rate.</P>
Yang, Tae Un,Song, Joon Young,Noh, Ji Yun,Cheong, Hee Jin,Kim, Woo Joo The Korean Society of Infectious Diseases and Kore 2015 Infection and Chemotherapy Vol.47 No.1
<P><B>Background</B></P><P>Influenza and pneumococcal vaccinations can reduce morbidity and mortality especially in the elderly and patients with chronic medical disease. The purpose of this study was to estimate vaccination coverage of these populations in a hospital setting.</P><P><B>Materials and Methods</B></P><P>We conducted a cross-sectional, descriptive study involving adult patients admitted to a 1,000-bed teaching hospital on April 15, 2013. We ascertained the information on whether the patient had received influenza vaccination within a year prior to admission or pneumococcal vaccination by interviewing each patient.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>A total of 491 eligible patients aged ≥50 years or with chronic medical illnesses were analyzed. The overall vaccination rate for influenza was 57.2%, and that of pneumococcus was 17.6% among the vaccine-eligible subjects. Influenza/pneumococcal vaccination rates of patients by disease were 62.8%/17.2% for diabetes, 53.3%/15.6% for malignancy, 67.6%/23.5% for chronic pulmonary disease, 66.7%/15.3% for chronic cardiovascular disease, 68.7%/26.9% for chronic renal disease, and 51.2%/18.6% for chronic hepatic disease. Young adult patients with chronic medical conditions were consistently less likely to receive influenza and pneumococcal vaccines irrespective of the underlying disease.</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>The influenza and pneumococcal vaccine coverage rates among hospitalized patients were low in South Korea. This was especially the case for young adult patients with chronic medical illnesses.</P>
Transcranial magnetic stimulation can diagnose electrical burn-induced myelopathy
Seo, Cheong Hoon,Jang, Ki Un,Lee, Byoung Chul,Choi, Ihn-Geun,Kim, Jong Hyun,Chun, Wook,Jeong, Je Hoon,Kang, Tae-Cheon Elsevier 2011 Burns Vol.37 No.4
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P><B>Introduction</B></P><P>We conducted motor- and sensory-evoked potential analyses and investigated their diagnostic value in differentiating between electrical burns without evidence of neurologic injury and those with clinical evidence of myelopathy.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>We studied high-voltage electrical burn injury patients with lower extremity weakness and evidence of myelopathy and those without any evidence of neurological complications. Motor-evoked potentials (MEPs), somatosensory-evoked potentials (SEPs), and MRI studies of the spinal cord, as well as transcranial magnetic stimulations, were performed. The central motor conduction time (CMCT) was also calculated.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>The upper limb MEP and upper and lower limb SEP variables did not statistically differ between the 2 groups. The CMCT and total motor conduction time recorded in the lower limb were delayed in the burn myelopathy group. MRI revealed no abnormal signal changes in myelopathy patients.</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>Our study demonstrates that MEP is useful in identifying myelopathy in patients who have sustained high-voltage electrical burns.</P>
Effect of Inorganic and Organic Germanium Treatments on the Growth of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa)
( Yong Hwa Cheong ),( Sung Un Kim ),( Dong Cheol Seo ),( Nam Ik Chang ),( Jun Bae Lee ),( Jong Hwan Park ),( Kap Soon Kim ),( Sang Don Kim ),( Hyeon Tae Kim ),( Jong Soo Heo ),( Ju Sik Cho ) 한국응용생명화학회 2009 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.52 No.4
Germanium (Ge) is a rare heavy metal and is known to toxic to plants at high level. However, there is little evidence about the Ge effect on plant growth. Here, we investigated the effect of inorganic (GeO2) and organic (Ge-132) germanium on lettuce growth by treatment with various concentrations of GeO2 and Ge-132. Under GeO2 treatment, lettuce growth was not much inhibited at 2.5 mg/L concentration and then significantly inhibited at 5 mg/L concentration. However, under Ge-132 treatment, lettuce growth was not much inhibited by concentrations up to 10 mg/L. Relative fresh weight of lettuce at 2.5, 5, 10 and 25 mg/L concentrations was 99, 76, 65 and 35% in GeO2 treatments and was 105, 99, 97 and 75% in Ge-132 treatments, respectively. In GeO2 treatments, Ge was highly accumulated in the roots at concentration below 10 mg/L and in the shoots at concentration above 25 mg/L. However, Ge was primarily accumulated in the roots at all Ge-132 concentrations. Accumulated Ge amounts of plants under GetO2 treatment were 0.72 mg/ g DW in roots and 0.27 mg/ g DW in shoots at a 10 mg/L concentration. At a 50 mg/L concentration of GeO2, the Ge content was 0.77 mg/g DW in roots and 1.58 mg/g DW in shoots, respectively. Based on our results, inorganic germanium is more toxic for lettuce growth than organic germanium. Upper critical toxic levels for lettuce growth were 2.5 to 5 mg/L concentrations in GeO2, treatments and 10 to 25 mg/L concentration in Ge-132 treatments, respectively.
Effect of Inorganic and Organic Germanium Treatments on the Growth of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa)
( Yong Hwa Cheong ),( Sung Un Kim ),( Dong Cheol Seo ),( Nam Ik Chang ),( Jun Bae Lee ),( Jong Hwan Park ),( Kap Soon Kim ),( Sang Don Kim ),( Hyeon Tae Kim ),( Jong Soo Heo ),( Ju Sik Cho ) 한국응용생명화학회 2009 Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry (J. Appl. Vol.52 No.4