http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
A Tetra(Ethylene Glycol) Derivative of Benzothiazole Aniline Enhances Ras-Mediated Spinogenesis
Megill, Andrea,Lee, Taehee,DiBattista, Amanda Marie,Song, Jung Min,Spitzer, Matthew H.,Rubinshtein, Mark,Habib, Lila K.,Capule, Christina C.,Mayer, Michael,Turner, R. Scott,Kirkwood, Alfredo,Yang, Jer Society for Neuroscience 2013 The Journal of neuroscience Vol.33 No.22
<P>The tetra(ethylene glycol) derivative of benzothiazole aniline, BTA-EG<SUB>4</SUB>, is a novel amyloid-binding small molecule that can penetrate the blood–brain barrier and protect cells from Aβ-induced toxicity. However, the effects of Aβ-targeting molecules on other cellular processes, including those that modulate synaptic plasticity, remain unknown. We report here that BTA-EG<SUB>4</SUB> decreases Aβ levels, alters cell surface expression of amyloid precursor protein (APP), and improves memory in wild-type mice. Interestingly, the BTA-EG<SUB>4</SUB>-mediated behavioral improvement is not correlated with LTP, but with increased spinogenesis. The higher dendritic spine density reflects an increase in the number of functional synapses as determined by increased miniature EPSC (mEPSC) frequency without changes in presynaptic parameters or postsynaptic mEPSC amplitude. Additionally, BTA-EG<SUB>4</SUB> requires APP to regulate dendritic spine density through a Ras signaling-dependent mechanism. Thus, BTA-EG<SUB>4</SUB> may provide broad therapeutic benefits for improving neuronal and cognitive function, and may have implications in neurodegenerative disease therapy.</P>
Lee, N.J.,Song, J.M.,Cho, H.J.,Sung, Y.M.,Lee, T.,Chung, A.,Hong, S.H.,Cifelli, J.L.,Rubinshtein, M.,Habib, L.K.,Capule, C.C.,Turner, R.S.,Pak, D.T.S.,Yang, J.,Hoe, H.S. Elsevier Science Publishers B.V 2016 Biochimica et biophysica acta Vol.1862 No.2
Our recent study demonstrated that an amyloid-β binding molecule, BTA-EG4, increases dendritic spine number via Ras-mediated signaling. To potentially optimize the potency of the BTA compounds, we synthesized and evaluated an amyloid-β binding analog of BTA-EG4 with increased solubility in aqueous solution, BTA-EG6. We initially examined the effects of BTA-EG6 on dendritic spine formation and found that BTA-EG6-treated primary hippocampal neurons had significantly increased dendritic spine number compared to control treatment. In addition, BTA-EG6 significantly increased the surface level of AMPA receptors. Upon investigation into the molecular mechanism by which BTA-EG6 promotes dendritic spine formation, we found that BTA-EG6 may exert its effects on spinogenesis via RasGRF1-ERK signaling, with potential involvement of other spinogenesis-related proteins such as Cdc42 and CDK5. Taken together, our data suggest that BTA-EG6 boosts spine and synapse number, which may have a beneficial effect of enhancing neuronal and synaptic function in the normal healthy brain.
Derek Miller,Tsai Feng-Jen,Kim Jiwon,Tejamaya Mila,Putri Vilandi,Muto Go,Reginald Alex,Phanprasit Wantanee,Granadillos Nelia,Bt Zainal Farid Marina,Capule Carmela Q.,Lin Yu-Wen,Park Jihoon,Chen Ruey-Y 한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원 2021 Safety and health at work Vol.12 No.4
Background: Despite the lack of official COVID-19 statistics, various workplaces and occupations have been at the center of COVID-19 outbreaks. We aimed to compare legal measures and governance established for managing COVID-19 infection risks at workplaces in nine Asia and Pacific countries and to recommend key administrative measures. Methods: We collected information on legal measures and governance from both general citizens and workers regarding infection risks such as COVID-19 from industrial hygiene professionals in nine countries (Indonesia, India, Japan, Malaysia, New Zealand, Republic of the Philippines, Republic of Korea, Taiwan, and Thailand) using a structured questionnaire. Results: A governmental body overseeing public health and welfare was in charge of containing the spread and occurrence of infectious diseases under an infectious disease control and prevention act or another special act, although the name of the pertinent organizations and legislation vary among countries. Unlike in the case of other traditional hazards, there have been no specific articles or clauses describing the means of mitigating virus risk in the workplace that are legally required of employers, making it difficult to define the responsibilities of the employer. Each country maintains own legal systems regarding access to the duration, administration, and financing of paid sick leave. Many workers may not have access to paid sick leave even if it is legally guaranteed. Conclusion: Specific legal measures to manage infectious disease risks, such as providing proper personal protective equipment, education, engineering control measures, and paid sick leave are recommended to be stipulated in Industrial safety and health-related acts.