http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Reannihilation of self-interacting dark matter
Binder, Tobias,Gustafsson, Michael,Kamada, Ayuki,Sandner, Stefan Marinus Rodrigues,Wiesner, Max American Physical Society 2018 Physical Review D Vol.97 No.12
<P>We explore the phenomenology of having a second epoch of dark matter annihilation into dark radiation long after the standard thermal freeze-out. Such a hidden reannihilation process could affect visible sectors only gravitationally. As a concrete realization we consider self-interacting dark matter (SIDM) with a light force mediator coupled to dark radiation. We demonstrate how resonantly Sommerfeld enhanced cross sections emerge to induce the reannihilation epoch. The effect is a temporally local modification of the Hubble expansion rate, and we show that the cosmic microwave background (CMB) measurements-as well as other observations-have a high sensitivity to observe this phenomenon. Special attention is given to the model region where late kinetic decoupling and strong self-interactions can alleviate several smallscale problems in the cold dark matter paradigm at the same time. Interestingly, we find that reannihilation might here also simultaneously lower the tension between CMB and low-redshift astronomical observations of H-0 and sigma(8). Moreover, we identify reannihilation as a clear signature to discriminate between the phenomenologically otherwise almost identical vector and scalar mediator realizations of SIDM.</P>
Permanent magnet gearless traction drive for German high speed train ICE 3
A.Binder,Th.Koch 전력전자학회 2001 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.2001 No.10
Two different designs of permanent magnet motors as direct wheel-set drive for the German high speed train ICE 3 are designed, one with surface mounted magnets (SM) and one with buried rotor magnets (BM). The surface magnet motor has 17 % less mass and a slightly higher efficiency and was therefore chosen for further investigations. Compared with the conventional drive system of the JCE 3, consisting of geared inverter fed induction machines, the gearless permanent magnet direct drive yields about 16 % lower losses. This calculation is based on the route parameters of the high speed track between Frankfurt/Main and Cologne in Germany, which is currently under construction.
Evaluating the Visualization of What a Deep Neural Network Has Learned
Samek, Wojciech,Binder, Alexander,Montavon, Gregoire,Lapuschkin, Sebastian,Muller, Klaus-Robert IEEE 2017 IEEE transactions on neural networks and learning Vol.28 No.11
<P>Deep neural networks (DNNs) have demonstrated impressive performance in complex machine learning tasks such as image classification or speech recognition. However, due to their multilayer nonlinear structure, they are not transparent, i.e., it is hard to grasp what makes them arrive at a particular classification or recognition decision, given a new unseen data sample. Recently, several approaches have been proposed enabling one to understand and interpret the reasoning embodied in a DNN for a single test image. These methods quantify the 'importance' of individual pixels with respect to the classification decision and allow a visualization in terms of a heatmap in pixel/input space. While the usefulness of heatmaps can be judged subjectively by a human, an objective quality measure is missing. In this paper, we present a general methodology based on region perturbation for evaluating ordered collections of pixels such as heatmaps. We compare heatmaps computed by three different methods on the SUN397, ILSVRC2012, and MIT Places data sets. Our main result is that the recently proposed layer-wise relevance propagation algorithm qualitatively and quantitatively provides a better explanation of what made a DNN arrive at a particular classification decision than the sensitivity-based approach or the deconvolution method. We provide theoretical arguments to explain this result and discuss its practical implications. Finally, we investigate the use of heatmaps for unsupervised assessment of the neural network performance.</P>
Aditya Pathak,Matthias Binder,Fengqi Chang,Aybike Ongel,Markus Lienkamp 한국자동차공학회 2020 International journal of automotive technology Vol.21 No.1
In tropical countries, the power demand from the air conditioning system of an electric vehicle can be up to 40 percent of the total power demand of the traction battery. It is therefore essential to investigate methods that improve the efficiency to reduce the capital and operational costs of the vehicle. In public transportation, the frequent opening and closing of doors at bus stops results in a large influx of warm, humid ambient air into the cabin that increases energy consumption. The use of an air curtain is a potential solution that can minimise the infiltration of ambient air into the vehicle. The feasibility of implementation of an air curtain is however dependent on various factors such as the frequency of consecutive bus stops, duration of dwell time at bus stops, efficiency of the air conditioning system and the power consumed by the air curtain device. This paper investigates and compares the reduction of the air conditioning power consumption and the associated battery and energy costs with the use of air curtain in a 6 m mini-bus driving on selected bus routes in Singapore. The use of air curtain in an urban mini-bus is found to be economically feasible as the air conditioning power consumption for the studied routes reduced in the range of 20 ~ 28 %. Subsequently, energy and battery lifecycle costs reduced by 6 ~ 10 % based on the route, the frequency and duration of door openings.
Can we substitute the intuition of an experienced bridge inspector by monitoring?
Helmut Wenzel,Hiroshi Tanaka,Michaela Höllrigl-Binder,Helga Allmer 국제구조공학회 2015 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.15 No.3
Damage quantification is a major goal of the SHM community. Methodologies to introduce aquantity for actual condition of a structure into the assessment process are desired. The idea that thecondition of a structure is represented in the character of its dynamic response is fully accepted by the SHMcommunity. The VCLIFE methodology quantifies condition analyzing input from monitoring.
Can we substitute the intuition of an experienced bridge inspector by monitoring?
Wenzel, Helmut,Tanaka, Hiroshi,Hollrigl-Binder, Michaela,Allmer, Helga Techno-Press 2015 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.15 No.3
Damage quantification is a major goal of the SHM community. Methodologies to introduce a quantity for actual condition of a structure into the assessment process are desired. The idea that the condition of a structure is represented in the character of its dynamic response is fully accepted by the SHM community. The VCLIFE methodology quantifies condition analyzing input from monitoring.