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Glacier changes monitoring in Bhutan High Himalaya using remote sensing technology
Mithun Kumar,Ayad M. Fadhil Al-Quraishi,Ismail Mondal 대한환경공학회 2021 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.26 No.1
The primary objectives of this study are to identify glacier cover, detect changes of glacier from 1978 to 2017 in Bhutan, and identification of vulnerable zone based on glacier changes. Landsat images and remote sensing (RS) techniques, Maximum Likelihood Classification approach of Supervised Learning of image processing has been utilized to detect and monitor the glacier cover changes of Bhutan over the years (1978-2017). The study results revealed that total area of the glacier changes in 1978 and 2017 has decreased by 2.54%. Most of the glacier zones are found in the northern part of the country, basically near the Greater Himalayan Mountain Range. Gasa, Bamthung and Lhuentse districts of Bhutan were found to have more glacier changes area than the other districts, that the areas experienced more changes of glacier cover over 40 years. Where more changes in the glacier are detected, the area should be more vulnerable in terms of both landslide, unreliability in growing useful land covers and Glacier Lakes Outburst Floods (GLOFS) in downstream area.