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Fabricating genetically engineered high-power lithium-ion batteries using multiple virus genes.
Lee, Yun Jung,Yi, Hyunjung,Kim, Woo-Jae,Kang, Kisuk,Yun, Dong Soo,Strano, Michael S,Ceder, Gerbrand,Belcher, Angela M American Association for the Advancement of Scienc 2009 Science Vol.324 No.5930
<P>Development of materials that deliver more energy at high rates is important for high-power applications, including portable electronic devices and hybrid electric vehicles. For lithium-ion (Li+) batteries, reducing material dimensions can boost Li+ ion and electron transfer in nanostructured electrodes. By manipulating two genes, we equipped viruses with peptide groups having affinity for single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) on one end and peptides capable of nucleating amorphous iron phosphate(a-FePO4) fused to the viral major coat protein. The virus clone with the greatest affinity toward SWNTs enabled power performance of a-FePO4 comparable to that of crystalline lithium iron phosphate (c-LiFePO4) and showed excellent capacity retention upon cycling at 1C. This environmentally benign low-temperature biological scaffold could facilitate fabrication of electrodes from materials previously excluded because of extremely low electronic conductivity.</P>