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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : Alberto Mayol (검색결과 2 건)
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Alberto Mayol 한국라틴아메리카학회 2020 라틴아메리카연구 Vol.33 No.2
The periods of global protest occurring in 2011 and 2019 could actually be the same cycle. In both cases, Chile has been the most disruptive case, despite being (at the same time) an emblematic country for social peace and institutional order throughout the post-dictatorship era, assuming that the Chilean political transition was hailed as an example. The incendiary October of protests in Chile gave rise to a crisis that was unprecedented in the almost thirty years since the end of the dictatorship, and which has led to a questioning which is not only discursive but also operational, with regard to the neoliberal model and the political model, both of which are anchored in the 1980 political Constitution, and which is currently undergoing a formal process for its exchange for a new one born from discussion in a Constitutional Convention chosen for the case. In our opinion, the most important thing lies in understanding the global scope of this particular crisis and noting the strange historical moment in which social unrest in the world seems to have no restraint.
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De la Disrupción a la Nueva Constitución: El Proceso Chileno en el Ciclo de Crisis 2011 A 2019
Alberto Mayol 한국라틴아메리카학회 2021 라틴아메리카연구 Vol.34 No.2
The process of forming a constituent assembly which started in 2019 is a democratic response to the authoritarian matrix of the 1980 Constitution; hence, the political understanding of both processes of construction of the fundamental legal framework must be found in the previous moment that inaugurated a new structuring of power in society, and which allows the emergence of an associated constituent power. In 1980 the previous restructuring of power came from the coup. In 2019 the previous restructuring of power came from the cycle of mobilizations from 2011 to 2019, which culminated in the social explosion of October 2019 and which forced the post-dictatorship elite to seek a way out of the crisis through a constitutional change. In this context, the dictatorial Constitution was the institutional translation of the authoritarian regime and the monetarist economic model, and it was a synthesis of the conservative Hispanic and Catholic legal tradition. The process of creating a new constituent assembly is a response to the exclusions of the Chilean political transition, and it is mainly the translation of the anti-neoliberal social movements in the form of a fundamental legal framework. What will be its big challenge? It will be to respond to discomfort more than to criticism; thus, transforming the malaise into a project of society is the main hope and the greatest difficulty.
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