Association between height and hypertension among US adults: analyses of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007–18

Gupta Rajat Das,Akonde Maxwell,Sajal Ibrahim Hossain,Al Kibria Gulam Muhammed 대한고혈압학회 2021 Clinical Hypertension Vol.27 No.2

Background: Previous studies that investigated association of height with prevalence and control of hypertension found mixed results. This cross-sectional study explored these associations among US adults (≥20 years). Methods: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007–18 data was analyzed. Height was measured in meters and was converted into centimeters (cm) and was further divided into quartiles: Q1 (135.3–159.2 cm), Q2 (159.3–166.2 cm), Q3 (166.3–173.6 cm), Q4 (173.7–204.5 cm). Hypertension definition of the ‘2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Guideline’ was used. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to find out the association between the dependent variable and the covariates. Linear regression analyses were conducted to find out the association of height with systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), pulse pressure (PP), and the covariates among the individuals who were not taking any antihypertensive drugs. Crude odds ratio, adjusted odds ratio (AOR), and adjusted beta-coefficient (for linear regression) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were reported. The following covariates were included: age, gender, race/ethnicity, family income, education level, cholesterol level, high-density lipoprotein level, chronic kidney disease status, diabetes status, smoker, aerobic leisure-time physical activity, and survey period. Sample weight of NHANES was adjusted. Results: Among the 21,935 participants (47.1% males), the prevalence of hypertension was 46.1%. Among 6154 participants taking medication (43.0% males), 57.2% had uncontrolled hypertension. In the final logistic regression analyses, participants in Q2 height quartile had 20% lower odds of being hypertensive compared to those in Q4 height quartile (AOR: 0.8; 95% CI: 0.7,1.0). Other height categories did not reveal any significant association. Compared to Q4 height category, Q1 (AOR: 1.7; 95% CI: 1.2,2.3), Q2 (AOR: 1.4; 95% CI: 1.1,1.8), and Q3 (AOR: 1.3; 95% CI: 1.1,1.6) height categories had higher odds of uncontrolled hypertension. PP was inversely associated and DBP was positively associated with height Conclusions: Although height was not associated with prevalence of hypertension, it had inverse association with uncontrolled hypertension. It was also significantly associated with DBP and PP among the individuals with untreated hypertension.

Anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive and diuretic activities of Trema orientalis Linn

Uddin, Sarder Nasir,Yesmin, Mst Nazma,Pramanik, M.K.,Akond, Ma Kyung Hee Oriental Medicine Research Center 2009 Oriental pharmacy and experimental medicine Vol.9 No.4

The pharmacological interest coupled with traditional uses (antidiarrhoeal, antiseptic, analgesic etc) prompted us to test for anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive and diuretic activitities of Trema (T.) orientalis Linn. The crude methanolic leaves extract of T. orientalis was investigated for its possible anti-inflammatory activities using carrageenin induced rat paw edema model and cotton pellet implantation method in mice. Then the extract analyzed for its antinociceptive activities by acetic acid induced writhing model in mice. The extract possessed significant anti-inflammatory activity in both models at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight of mice. Moreover, the extract showed significantly reduced the number of acetic acid-induced abdominal constriction in mice of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight. The extract also showed positive diuretic activity in albino mice.

Anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive and diuretic activities of Trema orientalis Linn

Sarder Nasir Uddin,Mst Nazma Yesmin,MK Pramanik,MA Akond 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2009 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.9 No.4

The pharmacological interest coupled with traditional uses (antidiarrhoeal, antiseptic, analgesic etc) prompted us to test for anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive and diuretic activitities of Trema (T.) orientalis Linn. The crude methanolic leaves extract of T. orientalis was investigated for its possible anti-inflammatory activities using carrageenin induced rat paw edema model and cotton pellet implantation method in mice. Then the extract analyzed for its antinociceptive activities by acetic acid induced writhing model in mice. The extract possessed significant anti-inflammatory activity in both models at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight of mice. Moreover, the extract showed significantly reduced the number of acetic acid-induced abdominal constriction in mice of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight. The extract also showed positive diuretic activity in albino mice. The pharmacological interest coupled with traditional uses (antidiarrhoeal, antiseptic, analgesic etc) prompted us to test for anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive and diuretic activitities of Trema (T.) orientalis Linn. The crude methanolic leaves extract of T. orientalis was investigated for its possible anti-inflammatory activities using carrageenin induced rat paw edema model and cotton pellet implantation method in mice. Then the extract analyzed for its antinociceptive activities by acetic acid induced writhing model in mice. The extract possessed significant anti-inflammatory activity in both models at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight of mice. Moreover, the extract showed significantly reduced the number of acetic acid-induced abdominal constriction in mice of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight. The extract also showed positive diuretic activity in albino mice.

The association between body mass index and abdominal obesity with hypertension among South Asian population: findings from nationally representative surveys

Gupta Rajat Das,Parray Ateeb Ahmad,Kothadia Rohan Jay,Pulock Orindom Shing,Pinky Susmita Dey,Haider Shams Shabab,Akonde Maxwell,Haider Mohammad Rifat 대한고혈압학회 2024 Clinical Hypertension Vol.30 No.-

Objective This study aimed to determine the association between body mass index (BMI) and abdominal obesity with hypertension among the South Asian adults (18–69 years). Methods This study utilized the nationally representative WHO STEPwise approach to surveillance data (n=24,413) from Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal, and Sri Lanka. Hypertension was defned as having a systolic blood pressure of 140 mmHg or higher, a diastolic blood pressure of 90 mmHg or higher, and/or taking antihypertensive medications. A waist circumference≥90 cm in men and≥80 cm in women was considered as abdominal obesity. BMI was categorized according to Asia-specifc cutof and overweight was defned as BMI of 23.0–27.5 kg/m2 and obesity was defned as BMI≥27.5 kg/m2 . Multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify the association between BMI and abdominal obesity with hypertension. The odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confdence interval (CI) was reported. Results Abdominal obesity increased the odds of hypertension 31%-105% compared to those who did not have abdominal obesity (OR: Afghanistan: 2.05; 95% CI: 1.27–3.31; Bangladesh: 1.55; 95% CI: 1.18–2.04; Bhutan: 1.31; 95% CI: 1.03–1.66; Nepal: 1.69; 95% CI: 1.31–2.18; Sri Lanka:1.55; 95% CI: 1.23–1.95). The odds increased among participants with both overweight/obesity and abdominal obesity. In all fve countries under study, participants with both overweight and abdominal obesity (OR: Afghanistan: 2.75; 95% CI: 1.75–4.34; Bangladesh: 2.53; 95% CI: 1.90–3.37; Bhutan: 2.22; 95% CI: 1.64–3.00; Nepal: 2.08; 95% CI: 1.54–2.81; Sri Lanka: 2.29; 95% CI: 1.77–2.98), as well as those with obesity and abdominal obesity (OR: Afghanistan: 6.94; 95% CI: 4.68–10.30; Bangladesh: 2.95; 95% CI: 2.19–3.97; Bhutan: 3.02; 95% CI: 2.23–4.09; Nepal: 4.40; 95% CI: 3.05–6.34; Sri Lanka: 3.96; 95% CI: 2.94–5.32), exhibited higher odds of having hypertension as compared to participants with a normal BMI and no abdominal obesity. Conclusion Having both abdominal obesity and overweight/obesity increased the odds of hypertension among South Asian adults. Preventing overweight/obesity and abdominal obesity is necessary for preventing the burden of hypertension in South Asia.