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- 저자 : A. K. Lakshminarayanan (검색결과 3 건)
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R. Rajasekaran,A. K. Lakshminarayanan,M. Vasudevan,P. Vasantha Raja 대한금속·재료학회 2022 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.28 No.11
The 316LN Stainless Steel (SS) weld joints were fabricated using Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) Welding and Activated FluxTungsten Inert Gas (A-TIG) Welding techniques with suitable process parameters. Initially, basic mechanical properties wereevaluated across weld joints. Further microstructural study of the base metal, TIG, and A-TIG joints were accomplishedusing Optical Microscopy (OM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)techniques. The microstructural characterization revealed higher grain size variations at the fusion zone of the A-TIG jointdue to the slow cooling rate and reversed Marangoni convection effect. The Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC) susceptibilityof the TIG and A-TIG welded joints was assessed using five different loading/Stress conditions. The constant load boiling45 wt% Magnesium Chloride Hexahydrate (MgCl2.6H2O) solution as per ASTM G36-94 standard was used to evaluate theSCC susceptibility of the welded joints. The SCC (crack initiation and propagation) of the base metal and welded jointsoccurred by the anodic dissolution and Hydrogen Induced Cracking mechanisms. For the welded joints additionally, thedissolution of the δ-ferrite increased the crack growth rate. The A-TIG joint exhibited lesser SCC resistance than the TIGjoint for the following major reasons: (i) Formation of the large dendrites (ii) Presence of the higher grain size variations atthe fusion zone. Moreover, both welded joints showed lesser SCC resistance than the base metal due to the dissolution ofthe δ-ferrite and the residual stress formation. The fractographic studies for the base metal, TIG, and A-TIG joints revealedthe brittle nature of transgranular SCC failure.
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( A. K. Lakshminarayanan ),( V. Balasubramanian ),( R. Varahamoorthy ),( S. Babu ) 대한금속재료학회 ( 구 대한금속학회 ) 2008 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.14 No.6
Control of dilution is important in hardfacing, where low dilution is typically desirable. At present, most fabrication industries use shielded metal arc welding, gas metal arc welding, gas tungsten arc welding and submerged arc welding processes for hardfacing purposes. In these processes, the percentage of the dilution level is higher, ranging between 10 % and 30 %. In Plasma Transferred Arc (PTA) hardfacing, a solidified metallurgical bond between the deposit and the substrate is obtained with minimum dilution (less than 10 %). This paper highlights the application of response surface methodology to predict and optimize the percentage of the dilution of a cobalt-based hardfaced surface produced by the PTA process. Experiments were conducted based on a fully replicable five-factor, five-level central composite rotatable design and a mathematical model was developed using response surface methodology. Furthermore, the response surface methodology was used to optimize the process parameters that yield the lowest percentage of dilution.
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Understanding the Parameters Controlling Friction Stir Welding of AISI 409M Ferritic Stainless Steel
A. K. Lakshminarayanan,V. Balasubramanian 대한금속·재료학회 2011 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.17 No.6
Empirical relationships were developed to predict the tensile strength and impact toughness of the friction stir welded AISI 409M ferritic stainless steel joints by incorporating process parameters, namely rotational speed, welding speed and tool shoulder diameter. The experiments were conducted based on a three factor,five level, central composite rotatable design matrix. Sensitivity analysis was carried out and compared with the relative impact of three process parameters on tensile strength and impact toughness to verify the mea-surement errors on the values of the uncertainty in estimated parameters. The results indicate that the welding speed has the greatest inuence on tensile strength and impact toughness, followed by rotational speed and tool shoulder diameter.
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