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Two component signaling systems in Mycobacterium tuberculosis
조하언,강범식 한국구조생물학회 2015 Biodesign Vol.3 No.1
Mycobacterium tuberculosis is one of fearful pathogens and has the ability to persist within its host. Its successful survivalis due to alterations in gene expression in response to environmental changes by two component systems (TCS), whichconsist of sensor histidine kinases (HK) and their cognate response regulators (RR). M. tuberculosis has twelve TCSs andfive orphan RRs. A typical TCS involves sensing of internal or external signals by a HK, leading to its autophosphorylation,followed by phosphoryl transfer to the cognate RR, which functions as a transcriptional activator. To understand thefunction and the mechanism of M. tuberculosis TCSs, the components of HKs and RRs are subjected on the structuralstudies and the results could be useful for new antituberculosis drug development. Here, structural features of HKs andRRs currently revealed from M. tuberculosis are summarized. Those include GAF and PAS domains for senor domains andATP binding domains from HKs, and the receiver and effector domains from RRs.