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[硏究노트] Recent Research Streams of Multi-Family Housing Studies in the US
임형백(HyungBaek Lim),조중구(JoongKoo Cho) 한국주택학회 2004 주택연구 Vol.12 No.1
본 연구는 미국 주택시장에서 특히 다가구주택에 관한 최근 연구 동향을 분석한 것이다. 우리나라의 경우와 마찬가지로 자기주택의 소유는 미국인의 꿈이라고 할 만큼 중요한 의미를 가진다. 하지만 미국 주택시장의 경우 1990년대 사상 초유의 자가비율 하락을 경험한 바 있다. 이러한 자가비율의 하락은 주로 초기 주택시장 진입 계층인 20대와 노령층의 주거비지불능력의 하락, 그리고 이민자들의 자가 주택시장 진입의 어려움 때문인 것으로 드러났다. 단독주택이 주류를 이루는 미국 주택시장의 경우 아파트, 콘도미니엄 등과 같은 다가구주택은 주로 차가의 점유형태를 가지는 것이 일반적이다. 하지만 다가구주택의 효용성을 검증한 일련의 실증분석에서는 이들 주택의 점유형태가자가로 사용될 경우 이들 계층들의 자가시장 진압가능성이 더욱 높을 것으로 예측되었다. 이러한 분석결과에 기초한 다양한 정책 제언을 요약하면 다가구주택시장의 활성화와 이들 주택유형의 자가시장 진입을 통한 이민자들 및 20대의 신규가구 형성자들의 자가비율 진작을 제안하고 있다. 이러한 동향은 아파트 등과 같은 다가구주택의 효용성이 여전히 유효하며, 전원주택 등과 같은 단독주택의 효용성이 점증하고 있는 우리나라 주택시장의 동향과는 상당한 차이를 보이고 있다. The present article considers the utility of multi-family housing to homeownership studies, focusing mainly on the context of the US housing market. Based on the diverse empirical homeownership studies, the first part of the study discusses the possible enhancement of homeownership models by incorporating two forms of housing structure. The present study demonstrates that specifying a measure of housing quality represented by housing structure has utility in the housing consumption or tenure choice model. The study argues that it is unrealistic in the housing consumption or tenure choice to assume that each household in the housing market has identical preferences. The study finds that the supply of multi-family housing units makes it easier/earlier for households to adjust their housing purchases to meet their changing housing needs, particularly for recent immigrants or minority households who cannot afford to consume high valued housing in the US. What little empirical experience is available for multi-family housing study to date from the diverse social sciences indicates that the present study may provide a useful platform for further efforts contributing to the development of tenure choice and housing consumption studies for the diverse disciplines. The present study concludes that diverse policy requires state and local governments to develop a comprehensive housing affordability strategy, identifying a community's current and anticipated needs for affordable and supportive housing and outlining a strategy for addressing those needs.
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패널모형을 적용한 5대 범죄발생의 결정요인에 관한 연구
박종훈(Park, JongHoon),임형백(Lim, HyungBaek),이성우(Lee, SeongWoo) 한국지역개발학회 2017 韓國地域開發學會誌 Vol.29 No.2
The purpose of this study is to identify determinants of the five major crime(murder, robbery, rape, burglary and violence) incidences in Seoul. This study paid special attention to regional environmental characteristics along with controlled socio-economic characteristics. By applying a panel regression model, this study accounted for not just cross-sectional characteristics but also dynamic changes of the region. With utilizing the panel data which consist of regional socio-economic and environmental attributes of Seoul from 2003 to 2014, we found that proportion of the detached housing and apartment, CCTV and commercial area have a positive effect on major crime incidence, among others. These results indicate that first, it is necessary to increase the natural surveillance through the enhancement of social ties among community members. Second, considering the vulnerable characteristics of CCTV and commercial zones on crime incidence, efficient redistribution of CCTV and redesign of urban planning should be considered. The present study concludes with some policy suggestions that can reduce the crime incidence focusing on regional and environmental perspectives.
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이성우(Lee SeongWoo),임형백(Lim HyungBaek) 한국지역개발학회 2003 韓國地域開發學會誌 Vol.15 No.2
The purpose of this study is to investigate whether place of birth matters for households' residential well-being in Korea. The present 3tudy utilizes Korea census data(2% sample) to ev려uate households’s residential well-being denoted by household overcrowding. We cIassified more than 1.5 PPR(persons per room) as a threshold that defines whether or not people live in overcrowded housing. We adopt binary logit modeI with decomposition method to provide evidences of the housing density disparities by place of birth in Seoul metropolitan area. In comparison of the observed values, we found that households from Cholla provinces represent a disproportionately high Jevel of househoJd overcrowding compared with peopJe originated from other provinces. However, in the statistical analysis, the present study found that having controIled for the factors σaditionally thought to influence housing density, as well as other housing market characteristics in Seoul, we couldn’t find any cIear effect of the prejudice explained by residu려 effects against people from Cholla. Rather the effect is the highest for people from Kangwon, of which the finding is contrary to those of the previous studies. We concIude that pJace of biπh has partial effect on living in a suitable Iiving environment, which is denoted by housing density in this study. The present study concIuded with some policy issues to alleviate the soci머 disparities and suggested some future studies.
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공적개발원조(ODA)의 원조효과성과 한국 ODA에 대한 시사점
황재희(Hwang, JaeHee),박한나(Park, Hanna),이성우(Lee, SeongWoo),임형백(Lim, HyungBaek) 한국지역개발학회 2016 韓國地域開發學會誌 Vol.28 No.5
The purpose of the present study is to identify the determinants of economic growth and level of living standard in African countries focusing particularly on the effect of ODA (Official Development Assistance). To achieve the purpose, this study identifies two indexes: annual rate of economic growth and HDI(Human Development Index) for the forty African countries during the periods of 2005 to 2012. Special attention has been paid to the effect of ODA(Official Development Assistance) on the two dependent variables. We construct four different econometrics models including spatial panel models that can account for spatial autocorrelation in data. We found that ODA has a positive impact on the economic growth in the aggregate level, however, the same is not true for individual welfare explained by HDI. Incorporating the theoretical arguments and the empirical outputs, this study concludes with presenting possible policy implications of the Korean ODA on the construction of the development strategies for the recipient countries.
KCI
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