격강구(隔薑灸)의 연소(燃燒) 특성(特性)에 관한 실험적(實驗的) 연구(硏究)

이건목,이건휘,문성재,황병천,국우석,장지연,김양중,장재호,윤주영,Lee, Geon-mok,Lee, Geon-hui,Moon, Sung-jae,Hwang, Byung-chun,Guk, Uo-suk,Jang, Ji-yeon,Kim, Yang-jung,Jang, Jae-ho,Yun, Ju-young 대한침구의학회 2004 대한침구의학회지 Vol.21 No.3

Objective : The purpose of this study is to investigate the mechanism and effect of moxibustion with ginger objectively, to be used as the quantitative data through the measurement of temperature, and to grasp the thermodynamic characteristics of moxibustion with ginger. Methods : We have selected the indirect moxibustion with ginger among many indirect moxibustions. We produced a slice of ginger to a thickness of 3, 4, 5mm and the moxa cone having a diameter of 8mm, a height of 10mm for making a comparative study of characteristics of moxa cone according to change the density. We have made a comparative study of the thermodynamic characteristics of moxibustion with ginger with or without holes. We measured combustion times and calculated temperatures, temperature gradients in each period during a combustion of moxa. Results : 1. We found out it was not significantly influenced by the existence of the punched holes in a slice of ginger because the punched holes grow smaller immediately. 2. The duration of the preheating period became longer according to thickness of a slice of ginger and was not directly proportional to the density of moxa cone. The duration of the preheating period was extremely short when it burned a 100mg moxa cone. That was influenced by the density of moxa cone. 3. The duration of the heating period became longer according to thickness of a slice of ginger likewise the preheating period bacause the density of moxa cone had effected on the combustion characteristics. The duration of the heating period was extremely long when it burned a 100mg moxa cone. On the other hand the maximum temperature in the heating period was appeared that the combustion with a thin slice of ginger was highest and measured that the large density of moxa cone was higher. But the maximum temperature in the heating period was about $37.8^{\circ}C{\sim}44.2^{\circ}C$respectively lower in others. 4. The duration of the retaining period was some doubling shorter than that of the heating period that is concerned the shape of moxa cone. The temperature measured the close of a retaining period was $36.6^{\circ}C{\sim}41.8^{\circ}C$, that was considerably lower temperature. 5. The mean ascending temperature velocity and the mean descending temperature velocity were $0.042{\sim}0.073^{\circ}C/sec$, $-0.027{\sim}-0.064^{\circ}C/sec$ respectively. Then, the ascending temperature velocity was some faster than the ascending temperature velocity. Conclusions : The quantitative standard for obtaining the effective heating stimulation is that if the slice of ginger made a hole in it, we had to use the needle above 1.5mm diameter. The recommended size of a slice ginger is the 14mm diameter and the 2~3mm thickness. The moxa cone is formed the conical shape that the base diameter was 8mm, the height was 10mm, the density was $600mg/cm^2$.

마늘뜸의 연소특성에 관한 연구

이건목,이건휘,조남근,박소영,Lee, Geon-mok,Lee, Geon-hyee,Cho, Nam-geun,Park, So-young 대한침구의학회 2004 대한침구의학회지 Vol.21 No.4

Objective: The propose of this study is to investigate the characteristics of combustion in indirect moxibustion with garlic. Methods: We observed the characteristics of combustion by the variations of the thickness(3mm, 4mm, 5mm) of a slice for indirect moxibustion with garlic and mass(80mg, 100mg, 120mg) of moxa cone and existence of holes. The temperature of indirect moxibustion for garlic insulation with holes was higher than temperature of indirect moxibustion for garlic insulation without holes. Combustions time in the preheating period is about 1 minute, it varies by the existence of holes, the thickness of a slice for indirect moxibustion with garlic, and the density of moxa cone. Results: Maximum temperature of heating period was $38.7{\sim}46.2^{\circ}C$, combustion time in the heating period was 118~164sec and maximum ascending temperature gradient was $0.102{\sim}0.264^{\circ}C/sec$. Retaining period was shorter than heating period and stimulus of heating retains more, because it is higher than body temperature. By this report, indirect moxibustion with garlic is more effective with holes and the appropriate thickness of a slice for indirect moxibustion with garlic is 3.5~4mm. It is appropriate that the diameter of moxa cone is 8mm and height of that is 10mm. With this condition, effective combustion period is 120sec, maximum temperature is $42{\sim}44^{\circ}C$, maximum ascending temperature gradient is $0.14{\sim}0.16^{\circ}C/sec$. It is necessary to study clinical correlations for more accurate quantitative standard.

오지체표정위법(五指體表正位法)을 이용한 퇴행성 슬관절염의 침도침 치료에 관한 연구

이건목,김도호,김현욱,조남근,최연성,김형수,이재규,송동섭,이건휘,Lee, Geon-Mok,Kim, Do-Ho,Kim, Hyun-Wook,Cho, Nam-Geun,Choi, Youn-Sung,Kim, Hyung-Soo,Lee, Jae-Kyoo,Song, Dong-Seop,Lee, Geon-Hui 대한침구의학회 2008 대한침구의학회지 Vol.32 No.3

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to report the effect of acupotomy for patients with Osteoarthritis on Knee using "Five-Finger placed to marking position". Methods : We treated 12 patients who have Osteoarthritis on Knee with acupotomy. Results : It was effective to 10 patients among the 12 patients. Conclusions : This study demonstrate that acupotomy using "Five-Finger placed to marking position" is useful effect on Osteoarthritis on Knee. As though we had not wide experience in this treatment, more research is needed.

뜸의 대중화 및 유용성 방안에 대한 연구

이건목,이길숭,이승훈,장종덕,서은미,최정선,김양중,Lee, Geon-mok,Lee, Kil-soong,Lee, Seung-hun,Chang, Jong-duk,Seo, Eun-mi,Choi, Jung-sun,Kim, Yang-jung 대한침구의학회 2003 대한침구의학회지 Vol.20 No.6

Objective: It makes a through study on the popularization and usefulness paln of Moxa Combustion, therefore popularizing practical use of that. Methods: It was based on the established treatises and books, in order to studying about the literature of Moxa Combustion Results & Conclusions: It makes a through study on the whole of Moxa Combustion, the results as follows. 1. We explained(illustrated) the origin, history, classification and mechanism(effect) of Moxa Combustion 2. The study of standardization plan of Moxa Combustion for popularization - The thermal stimulation of Moxa Combustion was decided the characteristic pattern of combustion temperature by moxa burning and that makes a measure to grasp the effective action of Moxa Combustion upon human body. Thereupon it is necessary to continue further studies by analysing the characteristic pattern of combustion temperature by moxa burning and there clinical effects in practice. 3. The usefulness of Moxa Combustion - The therapeutic effect of Moxa Combustion are hematopoiesis(increase the blood), analgesic function, increase the immunity, antioxidant activity, diuretic action, control of hormone(endocrine gland), supression of carcinogenesis, increase the self involution(natural healing), decrease of GOT/GPT, Glucose, Cholesterol level.

봉약침(蜂藥鍼)을 위주로 한 요추추간판탈출증(腰椎椎間板脫出症)의 돌출형(突出型) 환자(患者)(protrusion disc patients)에 대한 임상적(臨床的) 고찰(考察)

이건목,이길숭,염승철,장재호,윤주영,황병천,국우석,장지연,최정선,김양중,박종운,조남근,Lee, Geon-mok,Lee, Kil-soong,Yeom, Seong-chul,Jang, Jae-ho,Yun, Ju-young,Hwang, Byung-chun,Kug, Yu-suk,Jang, Ji-yeon,Choi, Jeong-seon,Kim, Yang-jung,Par 대한침구의학회 2004 대한침구의학회지 Vol.21 No.5

Objective : Herniation of Nucleus Pulpous(HNP) of Lumbar is the most important reason that causes low back pain. The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of Bee-venom acua-acupuncture therapy for protrusion disc patients. Methods : To evaluate the effectiveness of Bee-Venom Acupuncture Therapy, 20 patients were treated by bee-venom acua-acupuncture therapy. To estimate the efficacy of treatment, we used Quardruple Visual Analog Scale(QVAS). Results : 1. As a objectivity treatment record, they test treatment record good 60%, fair 25%, excellent 15%. 2. After bee-venom therapy, pain rate changed from 8.25 to 2.15. 3. By the results which puts out the statistics in sex, a pain rate of male changed from 8.75 to 2.50, a pain rate of female 7.92 to 1.92. Intentional difference is none as a therapy. By the results which puts out the statistics in age, after forties changed from 7.78 to 2.22 and before forties changed from 7.90 to 1.92. By the results which puts out the statistics in disc herniation, pain rate of central type changed from 8.29 to 2.29, pain rate of left type changed from 8.20 to 1.40, pain rate of Right type changed from 8.00 to 4.00.

요통의 예후와 수술적응증 판단

이건목,Lee, Geon-mok 대한침구의학회 2001 대한침구의학회지 Vol.18 No.2

Back pain has plagued humans for many thousands of years. The treatment of back pain is divided into operative treatment and conservative treatment. It is reported that cure rate of conservative treatment is 80~90 percent. Generally, the treatment of oriental medicine is mostly conservative treatment. But, surgery should not be used as a last resort in treatment; it is just one of many treatment options for various spinal conditions. In some instance, it can be to preferred choice; in other situations, alternative therapies may be superior. Selections of the operation in HIVD 1. Acute disc herniations with a protracted significant component af back pain. 2. Chronic disc degeneration with significant back pain and degeneration limited to one or two disc levels. 3. Sugical instability created during decompression. 4. The presence of neural arch defects coincident with disc disease. 5. Symptamatic and radiographically demonstrable segmental instability. Selections of the operation in stenosis 1. If it does not slowly progress in physical therapy and other nonoperative measures, many of these patients may ultimately need surgical decompression. 2. Absolute stenosis in an impression of CT, MRI.(under 10mm) 3. In patients with established symptoms of .neurogenic claudication. 4. In patients with bad influence of neurogenic derangement.(strength, sensory) Selections of the operation in spondylolisthesis 1. Persistence or recurrence of major symptoms for at least one year despite activity modification and physical therapy. 2. Tight hamstrings, persistently abnormal gait, or postural deformities unrelieved by physical therapy. 3. Sciatic scoliosis. 4. Progressive neurologic deficit. 5. Progressive slipping beyond 25 or 50 percent, even when asymptomatic. 6. A high slip angle (40 to 50 degrees) in a growing child, since it is likely to be associated with further progression and deformity. 7. Psychologic problems attributed to shortness of trunk, abnormal gait, and postural deformities characteristic of more severe slips.

염(鹽)의 종류(種類)에 따른 격염구(隔鹽灸)의 열전달(熱傳達) 특성(特性)에 관한 실험적(實驗的) 연구(硏究)

이건목,이건휘,서은미,Lee, Geon-mok,Lee, Gun-hyee,Seo, Eun-mi 대한침구의학회 2004 대한침구의학회지 Vol.21 No.1

Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the mechanism and effect of moxibustion with salt objectively, to be used as the quantitative data through the measurement of temperature, and to grasp the thermodynamic characteristics of moxibustion with salt. Methods: We have selected of the moxibustion with salt of indirect moxibustion. We make a comparative study of the thermodynamic characteristics of moxibustion with salt as a kind of the 4 salt. We examined combustion times, temperatures, temperature gradients in each period during a combustion of moxa. Results: 1. We make out that it is not significantly change the time of thermal conduction of moxibustion with salt as a kind of 4 salt. 2. The heating period of Refined Salt was long and that of Sun-dried Salt was a short time respectively. The heating period of maximum tamperature is high Sun-dried Salt, Mechanical Salt and Refined Salt orderly. Maximun heating speed in the heating period was $0.151{\sim}0.184^{\circ}C/sec$ and at the same tendency of the maximum temperature in the heating period. 3. The retaining period was shorter than the heating period respectively, that is 15~24% of the combustion time of in the heating period. We make out that it is not significantly different the time of the retaining period as a kind of 4 salt. The mean temperature of retaining period was $43.2{\sim}48.1^{\circ}C$, that was extraordinarily high temperature. 4. We make out that it is not significantly different the time of the cooling period as a kind of 4 salt. The cooling period was measured 223~233sec. Beacuse the same density and size of moxa combustion was made an experiment. 5. The effective combustion time of Refined Salt is longer(259sec) than that of Sun-dried Salt(173sec). It is significantly different the time of the combustion time as a kind of 4 salt. 6. It is significantly different the Sample deviation of the combustion time as a kind of 4 salt because of the water content of the 4 salt individually. Conclusions: As the base on this study, we obtained the conclusion as the follows. The salt of moxibustion with salt was fitted for Sun-dried Salt due to making to Mechanical Salt recently. The Refined Salt is composition rate to another and small size comparatively. So It was fitted for the salt of moxibustion with salt. It is necessary to study continuously about the more suitable moxibustion with salt and quantitative analysis about the moxibustion with salt.

요추추간판탈출증의 동·서의학적 협진연구

이건목,이강창,황유진,Lee, geon-mok,Lee, kang-chang,Hwang, yoo-jin 대한침구의학회 2000 대한침구의학회지 Vol.17 No.2

Herniated lumbar intervertebral disc(HIVD) is the most common reason causing low back pain and leg radiating pain. The purpose of this study is to see the good of Oriental-Western medicine on HIVD. In order to this syudy, HIVD patients divided into two groups: Group with Oriental medicine(GOM) and Group with Oriental-Westem medicine(GOWM). The results of treatments were summarized as follows. 1. If We investigate a state of patients, GrIII type is 17 cases in GOM and is 16 cases in GOWM. In the GOM, Gr II shows better than the others and in the GOWM, GrI, III shows better than the others. 2. The results of treatments in GOM and GOWM is the good in a general way. It shows excellent type at 10 cases in the GOM, and shows excellent type at 14 cases in GOWM. 3. In Acute stage(in one month), subacute stage(one month~six months) and chronic stage(over six months), the therapic point of GOM and GOWM is 2.9~3.5 on the average. 4. If we notice the effect point of HIVD, in GOM, the point of bulging type is 3, protruded type is 3.5 extruded type is 3. But in GOWM, the point of bulging type is 3.7, protruded type is 3.5 extruded type is 2.7.

D.I.T.I로 본 Stable Compression Fracture의 한의학적 치료효과

이건목,문성재,이병철,Lee, Geon-Mok,Moon, Sung-Jae,Lee, Byung-Chul 대한한방체열의학회 2002 대한한방체열의학회지 Vol.1 No.1

Stable Compression Fractures(SCF hereafter) are most often caused by trauma such as traffic accidents. These SCFs usually occur in the thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal cord. Human life spans have increased as a result of medical advances, which in turn has led to an increase in the elderly population. SCFs are divided into the categories of stable and unstable. The categories are determined through X-rays and P/Ex tests. The D.I.T.I. is then used to diagnose the severity and prognosis of the fracture injuries, and it allows an objective evaluation of the symptoms. This author researched 40 patients who were treated at Wonkwang University Oriental Medical Center from October 1995 to December 1996. The patients were diagnosed by X-ray as having SCFs and treated primarily with acupuncture. Both the changes in D.I.T.I. and patients' self-diagnoses of their conditions before and after treatment yielded the meaningful results which have been presented here. 1. 75% of those who suffer from Stable Compression Fractures are 60 years of older. Of those, the ratio of male to female is 1 to 4. This is due in part to the fact that many elderly women seek Oriental medicine treatment for conditions associated with advanced age. 2. 53.3% of these injuries occurred between T11 and L2. 3. 65% of patients were hospitalized for 10 to 29 days, and then able to be treated on an outpatiens basis. 4. The D.I.T.I. results showed 50% below $0.2^{\circ}C$, 30% between 0.3 and $0.5^{\circ}C$, 10% between 0.5 and $0.7^{\circ}C$, 10% between 0.7 and $0.9^{\circ}C$, and 0% over $0.9^{\circ}C$. 5. The results of treatment using Modified Evaluation System in Thoracolumbar Vertebral Fractures Method showed that 55% of patients achieved excellent recovery and 40% achived good recovery. After comparing the D.I.T.I. results before and after treatment, we found 50% of patients showed excellent recovery $({\Delta}T{\leq}0.2)$ and 40% showed good recovery$(0.2<{\Delta}T{\leq}0.5)$.

침도침 치료를 이용한 요추추간판탈출증에 대한 연구 및 임상증례

이건목,김도호,김현욱,염승철,김형수,김동은,윤미진,송동섭,이경희,Lee, Geon-Mok,Kim, Do-Ho,Kim, Hyun-Wook,Yeom, Seung-Chul,Kim, Hyung-Soo,Kim, Dong-Eun,Yoon, Mi-Jin,Song, Dong-Seop,Yi, Kyung-Hee 대한침구의학회 2008 대한침구의학회지 Vol.25 No.4

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to report the effect of acupotomy for patients diagnosised Lumbar HIVD. Methods : We treated Three patients who have Lumbar HIVD with acupotomy. Visual analog scores(VAS) was compared before-treatment with after-treatment. Results : The patients's pain, numbness and walking were much improved. Conclusions : This study demonstrate that acupotomy useful effect on Lumbar HIVD . As though we had not wide expience in this treatment, more research is needed.