피나물 중 Bocalid 및 Pyraclostrobin의 토양처리시 잔류특성 및 안전성 평가

유지우 ( Ji-woo Yu ),송민호 ( Min-ho Song ),김진찬 ( Jinchan Kim ),이광헌 ( Kwanghun Lee ),고락도 ( Rakdo Ko ),금영수 ( Young-soo Keum ),이지호 ( Jiho Lee ) 한국환경농학회 2022 한국환경농학회 학술대회집 Vol.2022 No.-

Hylomecon vernalis is widely distributed in mountainous region in korea and used as folk madicine. Due to minor cultivation area, the pesticides available for Hylomecon vernalis are highly limited. This study aimed to determine residue characteristics of soil-treated boscalid and pyraclostrobin in Hylomecon vernalis and to evaluate the risks from intake of the residual pesticides in the crop. The pesticides were treated in soil with two levels, and samples were collected 57 days after seeding. The samples were extracted using the QuEChERS extraction kit (MgSO4 4 g, NaCl 1 g). The quantitative methods for boscalid and pyraclostrobin were validated using linearity, recovery, and CV (coefficient of variation). Risk assessment of pesticides was performed using Korea national nutrition statistics 2019. The residual levels of boscalid were 0.02∼0.05 mg/ kg (6 Kg/ 10a) and 0.05∼0.08 mg/kg (12 Kg/ 10a), respectively. The residual concentrations of pyraclostrobin were below the LOQ. The amounts of pesticides were less than Maximum Residue Limits specified by the Korean Ministry of Food and Drug Safety. The maximum hazard index of boscalid in chwinamul and amaranth for consumers were 0.0075% and 0.1525%, respectively and it indicates that the risk of the pesticides from the crop is considered to be low.

삼겹살 및 우유의 염소산염 및 과염소산염 검출을 위한 분석 기법 개발 및 검증

신지원 ( Ji-won Shin ),이정훈 ( Jung-hoon Lee ),안희연 ( Hui-yeon Ahn ),송민호 ( Min-ho Song ),유지우 ( Ji-woo Yu ),박건우 ( Geon-woo Park ),금영수 ( Young-soo Keum ),이지호 ( Ji-ho Lee ) 한국환경농학회 2023 한국환경농학회 학술대회집 Vol.2023 No.0

According to the European Union's regulatory standards for the management of chlorate and perchlorate (2020), it is necessary to establish test methods for the risk assessment and safety management of chemical substances that can contaminate food in natural or artificial environments. The Investigation is aimed to assess the contamination levels of chlorate and perchlorate in domestically distributed food. Chlorate and perchlorate are by-products that occur in factory manufacturing processes or disinfectants, and they can flow into the food through waste water and sterilized cooking utensils. Potentially these are leading to indirect intake through food consumption. Due to their potential effects on various functions in human body, such as thyroid dysfunction, it is necessary to examine the levels of chlorate and perchlorate in domestically distributed foods. To monitor the contamination levels of chlorate and perchlorate in domestically distributed livestock products, we selected pork belly as a high-fat food and milk as a representative liquid food for representative livestock food item. The extraction and analysis method were estabilshed to measure chlorate and perchlorate contamination level. Based on the QuPPe (Quick Polar Pesticides extraction) method, a extraction process was modified through changing filter and shaking time. To achieve optimal analysis, the column and solvent mixture gradient was changed.

국내에서 소비되는 건조식품의 염소산염 및 과염소산염 오염 분석 및 평가: 검사 방법 및 회수율에 관한 연구

박건우 ( Geon-woo Park ),이정훈 ( Jung-hoon Lee ),안희연 ( Hui-yeon Ahn ),송민호 ( Min-ho Song ),유지우 ( Ji-woo Yu ),신지원 ( Ji-won Shin ),금영수 ( Young-soo Keum ),이지호 ( Ji-ho Lee ) 한국환경농학회 2023 한국환경농학회 학술대회집 Vol.2023 No.0

Chlorates and perchlorates are generated during the use of chlorine-based disinfectants or in the manufacturing process of chemical substances. It is known that their consumption can affect the structural and functional brain development of infants and children, as well as the metabolism of adults. The European Union established management standards for chlorates and perchlorates in 2020, thereby raising the need for investigation into the contamination levels in domestically distributed food. This study aims to establish testing methods for assessing the contamination levels of chlorates and perchlorates in various domestically consumed foods. Representative low-moisture foods, namely soybeans (representative legume food) and polished rice (representative grain food), were selected among the agricultural products available in the market. Sample procurement and recovery experiments were conducted. The extraction method was carried out with reference to the QuPPe (Quick Polar Pesticides) method, and the experimental process was modified to compare recovery rates and determine the optimal sample pre-treatment method The quantification analysis was conducted using HPLC-MS/MS, and the mobile phase conditions and column types were modified to optimize the analysis for chlorate and perchlorate.. The recovery rates of the adopted method met the criteria of 70-120% and coefficient of variation below 20%. These results will be utilized for subsequent validation, contamination level investigations, and hazard assessments.

엇갈이배추 및 시금치 중 Fenpropathrin의 잔류 특성

안희연 ( Hee-yeon Ahn ),유지우 ( Ji-woo Yu ),송민호 ( Min-ho Song ),신승찬 ( Seung-chan Shin ),김장억 ( Jang-eok Kim ),김태화 ( Tae-hwa Kim ),이지호 ( Jiho Lee ),금영수 ( Young-soo Keum ) 한국환경농학회 2022 한국환경농학회 학술대회집 Vol.2022 No.-

According to the rising demand of minor crops, interest of the residual pesticides is increased. However, maximum residue limits(MRL) of many minor crops are still being established. Therefore, fenpropathrin was selected to establish MRL in the minor crops; korean cabbage, spinach. Fenpropathrin is synthetic pyrethroid insecticide which interfere with the kinetics of sodium channels causing paralysis of insects. The pesticide was applied three times with 7 days intervals. Fenpropathrin in korean cabbage and spinach was extracted with QuEChERS method. The results of residual pesticides were obtained with gas chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometer (GC-MSMS). The limits of quantitation (LOQ) of fenpropathrin in both crops were 0.01 mg/kg. The recovery tests at 3 levels (LOQ, 10 folds of LOQ, and the highest concentration levels of pesticide detected) were in the range of 70 to 120%. The samples were extracted based on established quantitative method using GC-MSMS. The dissipation pattern of fenpropathrin in korean cabbage and spinach was inspected by analyzing the daily residual amount of pesticide. The results will give fundamental data for the establishment of MRL of minor crops.

쑥갓 중 metalaxyl-M과 dinotefuran 입제의 잔류 특성 및 위해성 평가

송민호 ( Min-ho Song ),유지우 ( Ji-woo Yu ),김진찬 ( Jinchan Kim ),이광헌 ( Kwanghun Lee ),고락도 ( Rakdo Ko ),금영수 ( Young-soo Keum ),이지호 ( Jiho Lee ) 한국환경농학회 2022 한국환경농학회 학술대회집 Vol.2022 No.-

Glebionis coronaria (called crown daisy) is commonly consumed in the Republic of Korea due to its unique smell. Since the Positive List System (PLS) was enforced in the Republic of Korea, Maximum Residue Limits (MRLs) of many crops have been established. However, the pesticides available for the crown daisy are still limited. In this study, the residual characteristics of metalaxyl-M and dinotefuran in crown daisy were investigated to expand the registration of pesticides. Additionally, risk assessment was performed by using the residual concentration of pesticides and dietary intake. Two pesticides were treated in soil on two levels, and samples were collected 51 days after seeding. The analytes were extracted using acetonitrile and the QuEChERS extraction packet (MgSO4 4 g, NaCl 1 g). The mixture was centrifuged at 4,000 rpm for 5 min, and the supernatant was diluted 1:1 with acetonitrile. The results for the concentration of pesticides were obtained with a high-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. The quantitative methods for analytes were validated in linearity, accuracy, and precision. Daily dietary intake was obtained from Korea national nutrition statistics 2019. The residual concentration of metalaxyl-M in crown daisy were 0.09∼0.10 mg/kg (6 kg/10 a) and 0.17∼0.19 mg/kg (12 kg/10 a), respectively. The residual concentrations of dinotefuran in the crop were 0.53∼0.75 mg/kg (3 kg/10 a) and 1.17∼1.26 mg/kg (6 kg/10 a), each. The amounts of pesticides were less than the MRL specified by the Korean Ministry of Food and Drug Safety. The Hazard Index (HI) of metalaxyl-M and dinotefuran for consumers was 0.0075% and 0.2250%, respectively. For females in the age between 50∼64, the major consumer group, the HIs of the pesticides were <3%. Considering the consumption of crown daisy, they are not concidered to be of toxicological concern.

작물 중 생산단계 농약잔류허용기준 설정 연구

이지호 ( Jiho Lee ),송민호 ( Min-ho Song ),유지우 ( Ji-woo Yu ),이정훈 ( Jeong-hoon Lee ),안희연 ( Hee-yeon Ahn ),금영수 ( Young-soo Keum ) 한국환경농학회 2022 한국환경농학회 학술대회집 Vol.2022 No.-

본 연구는 시설재배 유채, 치커리, 알타리무 내 농약잔류량 감소추이를 확인하여 생산단계 농산물의 농약 잔류허용기준(PHRL: Pre-Harvest Residue Limit) 설정 고시(안) 마련을 위한 기초자료로 활용되어 재배과정에서의 농산물 안전성관리를 통하여 농산물 유통단계 안전관리 강화에 그 목적이 있다. 지리적으로 차이가 있는 2개 시험포장(음성 및 이천)을 선정하여, 유채 중 농약 3종(Indoxacarb, Lufenuron, Pyridalyl), 치커리 중 농약 3종(Fludioxonil, Lufenuron, Pyridalyl), 알타리무 중 농약 4종(Diniconazole, Dinotefuran, Metconazole, Tebuconazole)을 안전사용기준에 따라 살포한 후, 해당 농약의 최종 수확 전 살포일을 고려하여 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7 및 10 일차에 걸쳐 시료를 수확하였다. 분석법 확립을 위해 해당 공시료에 농약별 회수율 실험을 실시하였으며, 70∼110%, 변이계수 10% 이하를 만족하였다. 채취한 시료는 확립된 분석법을 바탕으로 전처리 과정을 거쳐 HPLC (HPLC-MS/MS) 및 GC (GC-MS/MS)를 이용하여 정량분석을 수행하였다. 각 시료를 분석하여 일차별 잔류량을 확인하고, 이를 바탕으로 약제별 회귀방정식에 의한 감소상수 및 생물학적 반감기를 산출, 통계학적 방법에 근거한 신뢰성 있는 출하전 생산단계 잔류농약 허용기준(안)을 제시하고자 하였다.

마늘과 계란에서의 염소산염, 과염소산염 분석법 확립 및 검증

안희연 ( Hui-yeon Ahn ),이정훈 ( Jung-hoon Lee ),송민호 ( Min-ho Song ),유지우 ( Ji-woo Yu ),박건우 ( Geon-woo Park ),신지원 ( Ji-won Shin ),이지호 ( Ji-ho Lee ),금영수 ( Young-soo Keum ) 한국환경농학회 2023 한국환경농학회 학술대회집 Vol.2023 No.0

This study aims to assess the safety of chlorates and perchlorates in food. With the increasing consumption of chlorine-based disinfectants, investigations on the contamination of chlorates and perchlorates have become inevitable. Monitoring of chlorate and perchlorate levels, which can be generated during the production and manufacturing processes of food, was conducted to evaluate potential hazards. Continuous monitoring of chlorates and perchlorates is being carried out in other countries, but it is still limited in domestic settings. Therefore, standardization of detection methods for chlorates and perchlorates is necessary, along with the establishment of an integrated monitoring system throughout the production, distribution process, and consumption stages. In order to develop analytical methods for chlorates and perchlorates, two representative samples (garlic, eggs) were selected. LC-MS/MS was used with the Quppe (Quick Polar Pesticides) method to analyze Chlorate and Perchlorate which are polar substances. Among them, the instrumental conditions and extraction methods were established for garlic and eggs, and recovery tests were conducted at levels of 0.01 mg/kg and 0.1 mg/kg. Garlic is a food that is both a representative vegetable for roots and tuber vegetables and a detected food in EFSA (European Food Safe Authority) Chlorate monitoring. Eggs, on the other hand, are representative foods for the protein group as well as for semi-solid foods. To remove the proteins in galic and eggs, additional centrifugation step was employed. Finally, analytical method for the determination of chlorate and perchlorate was established and validated in representative samples of garlic and eggs.

고등어 및 해조류의 염소산염 및 과염소산염 정량 분석 방법 조사

이정훈 ( Jung-hoon Lee ),안희연 ( Hui-yeon Ahn ),유지우 ( Ji-woo Yu ),송민호 ( Min-ho Song ),신지원 ( Ji-won Shin ),박건우 ( Geon-woo Park ),금영수 ( Young-soo Keum ),이지호 ( Ji-ho Lee ) 한국환경농학회 2023 한국환경농학회 학술대회집 Vol.2023 No.0

Monitoring food contaminants is important to ensure human health. Consumer’s needs for hygiene have increased and led to a consumption of chlorine-based disinfectants and sanitizers. Chlorate and perchlorate, which can be found in washed food, are considered potential contaminants that may have adverse effects on the human body. Therefore, there is an urgent need for analytical methods to assess the toxicity of chlorate and perchlorate. In this study, we aimed to establish and validate analytical methods for the quantification of chlorate and perchlorate in seaweed (as a representative of marine products) and mackerel (as a representative of fish products) to evaluate their contamination levels. Given the substantial worldwide consumption of seafood, it is crucial to ensure the safety of seafood through proper washing processes. It is anticipated that residues of chlorate and perchlorate may be present during these processes. To solve this concern, seaweed and mackerel were selected as target samples based on domestic food intake patterns. The analytical methods were developed based on the QuPPe method (Quick polar pesticide extraction method developed by Anastassiades) with some modifications to the extraction procedure due to the diverse matrix effects. Additionally, for seaweed, which has low moisture content, a final analysis method with an additional rehydration step was established. Quantitative analysis of chlorates and perchlorates was conducted using HPLC-MS/MS, and the establishment and validation of the analytical methods were performed through recovery test.

미나리 및 쪽파 중 Fenpropathrin의 잔류 소실양상

이정훈 ( Jeong-hoon Lee ),송민호 ( Min-ho Song ),유지우 ( Ji-woo Yu ),신지원 ( Ji-won Shin ),경기성 ( Kee-sung Kyung ),김태화 ( Tae-hwa Kim ),이지호 ( Jiho Lee ),금영수 ( Young-soo Keum ) 한국환경농학회 2022 한국환경농학회 학술대회집 Vol.2022 No.-

According to the rising interest in health, many people consider the residual pesticides in the crops. However, maximum residue limits (MRLs) of many minor crops are still being established. Therefore, fenpropathrin was selected to establish MRLs in the minor crops; shallot and water dropwort. Fenpropathrin is a pyrethroid insecticide which interferes with the kinetics of sodium channels causing paralysis of insects. In this study, residual characteristics of fenpropathrin in shallot and water dropwort were investigated. The pesticide was applied three times with 7 days intervals. Fenpropathrin in the crops was extracted and purified with the QuEChERS method. The quantitative methods of fenpropathrin were validated in accuracy, linearity, and precision. The limits of quantitation (LOQ) of fenpropathrin in both crops were 0.01 mg/kg. The recovery tests at 3 levels (LOQ, 10 folds of LOQ, and the highest concentration levels of pesticide detected) were in the range of 70 to 120%. The quantification of residual pesticides was performed using a gas chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometer (GC-MS/MS). Fenpropathrin in shallot and water dropwort decreased depending on the days which follow the pseudo-first-order decay curve. The results will give fundamental data for the establishment of MRLs of minor crops.