운동생리학 : 정기적인 유산소 운동에 따른 WKY, SHR 및 RICO Rat의 심박수, 혈압 및 혈청 지질성분의 변화 비교

우진희(JinHeeWoo),곽이섭(YiSubKwak) 한국체육학회 2001 한국체육학회지 Vol.40 No.2

본 연구는 같은 계열의 WKY(Wistar-koyto) 6마리, 본태성 고혈압쥐(SHR; Spontaneous Hypertensive Rat) 12마리, 및 고지혈쥐(RICO) 12마리 등 各 30마리를 대상으로, 9주간의 수영 훈련 후, 심박수, 혈압 및 혈청 지질성분의 차이를 비교 분석함으로써, 정기적인 유산소 운동이 본태성 고혈압쥐와 고지혈 쥐의 심혈관계 및 지질성분에 미치는 영향을 비교 분석하는데 목적이 있다. 본 실험에 사용된 동물은 특정병원체 부재동물로서 분양 전, 목적 타당한 결과와 감염병 유무를 확인하기 위해 유전적 모니터링(genetically monitoring)과 미생물학적 모니터링(microbiological monitoring)을 받았다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 안정시 심박수는 정상군에 비하여 고혈압군에서 현저하게 높았고, 고지혈군에서는 반대로 낮은 결과를 나타내었다. 즉, 유산소 훈련에 따라 고혈압군에서 심박수의 감소를 고지혈군에서는 심박수의 증가를 보여, 두 군 이 통제군인 정상군에 가깝게 변화되는 결과를 볼 수 있었다. 혈압에 있어서도 고혈압군이 정상군 보다 현저하게 높게 나타났으며(p<.05), 고혈압군의 비교에 있어서는 훈련군이 비훈련군 보다 낮게 나타났고, 통계적으로도 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<.05). 고지혈군의 혈압은 정상군 보다 낮게 나타났으며, 고지혈군의 비교에 있어서는 훈련에 따라서 혈압의 증가를 보여 정상군에 가깝게 변화하였다. 지질성분은 정상군에 비하여 고혈압군에서 현저하게 낮은 수치를 보였지만, 고지혈군은 높은 수치를 보였고, 통계적으로도 유의한 차이가 나타났다 (p<.05). 유산소 훈련에 따라서 지질성분은 고혈압군에서는 큰 차이를 보이지 않았지만, 고지혈군에서는 모든 지질성분들의 수준이 감소해 통계적으로도 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<.05). 결과적으로 정기적인 유산소 운동은 고혈압군에서 나타나는 높은 심박수와 혈압을 감소시키는데 효과적으로 작용하였으며, 반대로 고지혈군에서는 낮은 심박수와 혈압을 증가시키는데 도움을 주었으며, 높은 혈중 지질 수준을 낮추어 주는데 긍정적으로 작용을 하여, 임상적인 질환을 가지는 실험동물의 심혈관계와 비균형화된 지질성분을 개선하는데 도움을 주는 것으로 나타났다. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of regular aerobic training on heart rate, blood pressure, and lipid items in WKY, SHR(spontaneously hypertensive rats) and RICO. To examine the heart rate, blood pressures, and lipid items, we used normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats(WKY) as a control. Thirty male rats( six weeks old) were divided into five groups: WKY control (WC), SHR control (HC), SHR trained (HT), RICO control (RC) and RICO trained (RT). Obtained results were as follows:In the heart rate and blood pressure level, there were significantly differences among the three groups(WC, HC and RC) (p<.05) and Also In the lipid level, there were significantly differences among the three groups(wC, HC and RC)(p<.05). By the regular exercise training, In the level of blood pressure, there were significant difference between the HC and HR groups (p<.05). and In the level of lipid items, there were significant difference between the HC and HR groups (p<.05).In conclusion, Regular exercise training decrease heart rate and blood pressure in SHR, and, also decrease lipid items in RICO. Therefore, we can trace it is the effect of aerobic swimming exercise in SHR and RICO. We can conclude that regular aerobic exercise do positive effect on cardiovascular system in SHR and RICO. Further study needed in this area.

운동생리학 : 훈련과 L - arginine 투여가 SHR 의 산화 - 항산화 반응과 산화질소 생성 기전에 미치는 영향

우진희(JinHeeWoo),백일영(IlYoungPaik) 한국체육학회 2002 한국체육학회지 Vol.41 No.2

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of training and L-arginine supplementation on GPX, MDA, and eNOS using SHR. We used normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats as a control to examine the differences among the variances . Fifty male rats(six weeks old) were divided into five groups: ten WKY control (WC), ten SHR control (HC), ten SHR L-arginine supplied (HA), ten SHR trained (HT), and ten SHR L-arginine supplied-tained (AT). Obtained results were as follows:In the GPX levels, HC was lower than WC, but there were no significant differences among WC, HA, HT, and AT. In the MDA levels, HC and HT were higher than WC, whereas HA and AT were lower than WC. In the eNOS levels, there were significant differences between WC and HC groups, but the other groups did not much differ. In conclusion, it was found that regular exercise training and supplement of L-arginine may prevent development of enhance GPX activity, reduce lipid peroxidation, and stabilize sensitive eNOS activity. However, many factors other than aerobic training and L-arginine affect oxidant-antioxidant system, and NO synthesis mechanism. Additional factors must be considered in order to present a more complete assessment of factors contributing to cardiovascular disease.

스포츠생리학 : 운동시 나트륨 농도 수준차이가 수분조절 호르몬 변화에 미치는 영향

우진희(JinHeeWoo),백일영(IlYoungPaik) 한국체육학회 1999 한국체육학회지 Vol.38 No.3

본 연구에서는 최대산소섭취량의 85%로 30분간 트레드밀 운동으로 인한 탈수 후, 세 가지 수분공급 형태(물, 20mmol/L 나트륨 음료, 63mmol/L 나트륨 음료)를 각기 다르게 실시하였을 때, 운동수행력, 혈장량, 혈장 나트륨 농도, 그리고 혈중 수분조절 호르몬들의 변화를 운동과 회복기별로 비교 분석하여 수분흡수와 운동수행력에 있어 나트륨 함유 음료의 효과를 규명하는데 그 목적이 있었고, 이를 수행하기 위하여 남자대학생 5명을 대상으로 네 가지(VO₂max, 85% VO₂max 물, 85% VO₂max 20mmol/L Na⁺, 85% VO₂max 63mmol/L Na⁺) 실험을 실시하였다.수분공급 후 운동수행력은 저농도 나트륨 음료섭취조건에서 가장 증가되었지만, 고농도 나트륨 음료와 비교해서 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았으며, 혈장량에 있어서는 저농도 나트륨 음료섭취 조건에서 수분공급시와 회복 30분 후에 가장 높은 수준을 나타내었지만, 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다(p>.05). 혈장 나트륨 농도 변화는 안정시에 비해 저농도 나트륨 음료섭취조건에서 가장 큰 변화율을 나타냈으며, 회복속도도 빨랐으나, 통계적으로는 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다(p>.05). 혈중 renin 활성도(PRA)는 고농도 나트륨 음료섭취조건에서 운동종료시 가장 낮은 수치를 보였는데, 이는 운동수행시간이 저농도 나트륨 음료섭취시에 비해 상대적으로 짧았기 때문이었으며, 혈중 aldosterone 농도는 저농도 나트륨 음료섭취시 수분공급 후, 모든 시점에서 가장 낮은 수치를 나타냈으나, 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보이지는 않았다(p>.05).본 연구에서 혈장량, 혈장 나트륨 농도, 수분조절 호르몬 변화들이 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 보이지 않았지만, 일정한 형태를 가지고 저농도 나트륨 섭취조건에서 혈장량과 혈장 나트륨 농도 복원율이 높았으며, 혈중 호르몬 분비가 가장 적어 결론적으로, 더운 환경조건에서 1시간정도의 운동수행시간의 소요되는 강한 강도의 운동수행중에 운동수행력의 향상과 수분흡수의 증대에 도움을 주기 위해서는 물이나, 고농도보다는 저농도 나트륨 음료섭취가 더 효과적이라는 것을 알 수 있었다. 앞으로 운동수행과 관련된 수분공급에 관한 연구는 운동 중 뿐만 아니라, 회복이 진행되는 동안 수분흡수에 관한 다각적인 연구와 더불어, 수분흡수 조절에 관여하는 다른 요인들 즉 ANF와 ADH의 역할에 대한 연구가 계속적으로 이루어져, 신장에서의 수분과 전해질조절에 대한 명확한 생리적 기전을 이해함으로써, 운동수행에 관련된 수분조절에 관한 보다 과학적이고 체계적인 정보를 제공하는 것이 필요하다고 사료된다. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of three different sodium concentration fluid supplement methods(water, 20mmol/L Na⁺ drink, 63mmol/L Na⁺ drink) on exercise performance and hormonal changes by VO₂max 85% treadmill exercise with dehydration. In this study, different drink supplement methods, performance time, plasma volume, blood sodium concentration, and in-blood fluid regulation hormones were compared. Also a scientific explanation of which method of drink supplement was the most efficient in enhancing fluid intake was decided.The subjects of this study were 5 male college students from the physical education department. Each subject was participated in four different exercise conditions; VO₂max test, VO₂max 85% test with water supplement method, VO₂max 85% test with low sodium supplement method, and VO₂max 85% test with high sodium supplement method. Water supplement methods involved drinking plain water as much as 1% of body weight orally, after dehydration induced 30 minute VO₂max 85% treadmill exercise, while 10 minute resting in a relaxed position. Low sodium and high sodium drinks contained 20mmol/L Na⁺ and 63mmol/L Na⁺, respectively. Afterwards, all subjects performed VO₂max 85% treadmill exercise until exhaustion. After the exercise, the subjects recovered in a relaxed position for 30 minutes. For each test, 5 blood samples were collected - at rest, after dehydration, after rehydration, final time of exercise, and from the 30 minute recovery - from the anti-cubital vein. Exercise performance capacity was expected to improve most highly in the high sodium supplement, although it was found that low sodium supplement increased plasma volume levels most highly after rehydration and recovery. Also, low sodium supplement increased plasma sodium levels most highly during recovery, but there were no significant differences in plasma volume and plasma sodium levels among the supplement methods(p>.05).In conclusion, this study has found that although sodium supplement has improved exercise performance, low sodium supplement restores plasma volume and sodium concentration rapidly. Therefore, low sodium supplement is the most efficient to restore body fluid during 1-hour high intense exercises in a hot environment. PRA levels were low during recovery in low sodium supplement. Similar to the blood aldosterone levels were low in low sodium supplement during after rehydration, final time of exercise, and recovery. Although it was found that low sodium supplement decreased PRA and blood aldosterone levels, there were no significant differences in PRA and blood aldosterone levels among the supplement methods(p>.05).

운동생리학 : 수영운동 시 고혈압 쥐의 에너지 기질 이용과 호르몬 변화에 관한 연구

우진희(JinHeeWoo) 한국체육학회 2003 한국체육학회지 Vol.42 No.3

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of long term swimming training on energy substances utilization and fuel-hormonal release response during submaximal intensity swimming exercise with observing the changes of blood glucose, FFA, triglyceride(TG) and norepinephrine. In order to conduct this study, 10 WKY and 20 SHR were chosen. The subjects were divided into 3 test conditions: WKY control(WC), SHR control(HC), and SHR trained(HT).For the HC group, the resting level of blood glucose was lower than WC and HT groups, but the resting levels of blood FFA and TG were higher than that of WC and HT groups. However, for the HT group, the resting level of blood glucose level was almost same to WC group, the resting level of blood FFA and TG were lower than HC group. Also, the exercising levels of blood FFA and TG in the HT group were lower than HC group. For the HC and HT groups, the both resting levels of norepinephrine were higher than that of WC, and there was no significant difference between HC and HT groups.

운동생리학 : 훈련된 SHR 의 혈관 내피세포 NOS 와 면역세포 활성에 관한 연구

곽이섭(YiSubKwak),우진희(JinHeeWoo) 한국체육학회 2002 한국체육학회지 Vol.41 No.3

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of L-arginine supplementation and swimming training on weight, heart rate, blood pressure, macrophages and NOS by liver cells using SHR. Fourty male rats (six weeks old) were divided into four groups: ten SHR control (HC), ten SHR L-arginine (HA), ten SHR trained (HT) and ten SHR L-arginine + Trained (AT). Obtained results were as follows:In the mean body weight, there were significant differences between HT and AT compare to HC (p< .05), whereas HC and HA groups were not significant differences(p >.05). In the blood pressure(SBP), there were significant differences HT and AT compare to HC (p<.05).In the NOS and macrophages levels, there were significant differences among all groups compare to HC (p<.05). In conclusion, For the HC group, the level of NOS and macrophages is higher than that of the other groups, and so we can expect that tissue damage and decreased immune response caused by toxic free radical affects blood pressure, We can conclude that regular L-arginine supplementation and swimming training decrease cardiovascular stress caused by stabled NOS enzyme activity and macrophages activation.

운동생리학 : 가시오갈피 투여가 최대부하와 최대하부하 운동시 피로유발요인과 산화 - 항산화 체계에 미치는 영향

백일영(IlYoungPaik),박태선(TaeSunPark),우진희(JinHeeWoo),오세욱(SeWookOh),진화은(HwaEunJin),박형란(HyoungRanPark) 한국체육학회 2002 한국체육학회지 Vol.41 No.3

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of Eleutherococcus senticosus supplement on lactate, phosphorous, ammonia, MDA, and GPX during maximal and submaximal exercise.The Subjects in this study were 10 male college students. Ten males were divided into two groups: five Eleutherococcus senticosus supplied (S), five placebo supplied (P) and compared the differences between supplement before(B) and after(A). Obtained results were as follows: In the exercise performance time, S group was increased during submaximal test, and there was significant differences (p<.05). In the blood lactate and phosphorous, SA was higher than SB that was a result of improved exercise performance time by supplying Eleutherococcus senticosus. Whereas in the ammonia, SA was lower than SB that proved an effect of Eleutherococcus senticosus to synthesize energy. In the MDA levels, SA was lower than SB(p<.05), whereas SA was higher than SB in GPX levels(p<.05).In conclusion, it was founded that regular Eleutherococcus senticosus supplement reduce blood lactate, phosphorous, and ammonia accumulation and improve submaximal exercise performance effectively. Also, Eleutherococcus senticosus could inhibit oxidative tissue damage by lipid peroxidation.Therefore, Eleutherococcus senticosus has an effect of pharmacology for clinical treatment, in addition to energy mobilization and fatigue factors reduction, and maintenance of tissue oxidant-antioxidant system horn.

자연과학편 : 외발서기 시 남자고등학교 요트선수의 숙련도와 시각정보 차단에 따른 정적균형제어 능력 비교 분석

김영준(YoungJunKim),염창홍(ChangHongYoum),우진희(JinHeeWoo),조재기(JaeKiCho) 한국체육학회 2010 한국체육학회지 Vol.49 No.2

이 연구는 남자고등학교 요트선수 숙련 그룹 6명과 미숙련 그룹 6명을 대상으로 눈뜨고·눈감고 외발서기 시 COP의 전후 범위, 좌우 범위, 전후 속도, 좌우 속도, 전후 표준편차, 좌우 표준편차, 평균 속도, 95% confidence ellipse area를 이용하여 정적균형제어 능력을 비교 분석하는데 그 목적이 있다. 숙련 그룹이 눈뜨고·눈감고 외발서기 모두에서 전후 속도, 전후·좌우 표준편차, 평균 속도, 95% confidence ellipse area가 미숙련 그룹보다 유의하게 작은 것으로 나타났다. 두 그룹 내에서는 전후 표준편차를 제외한 전후·좌우 범위, 전후·좌우 속도, 좌우 표준편차, 평균 속도, 95% confidence ellipse area에서 눈뜨고 외발서기가 눈감고 외발서기보다 유의하게 작은 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 남자고등학교 요트 선수들의 반복된 훈련을 통한 기술 습득이 정적균형제어 능력 향상에 영향을 미친다. 그리고 두 그룹 모두 시각정보 차단이 정적균형제어 능력에 영향을 미친다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the ability of static balance control using COP variables while executing single-leg stance with eyes open and eyes closed through GRF system. The subjects participated in this study were a skilled group and unskilled group consisting of 6 youth males each. The yacht training affected to improve the ability of static balance control because the skilled group's COP AP velocity, AP and ML standard deviation, mean velocity, and 95% confidence ellipse area were smaller than the unskilled group in single-leg stance with eyes open and eyes closed. Visual also affected the ability of static balance control in both. In conclusion, the ability of static balance control was affected by learning skill through repeated training in youth male yacht players. It was also affected by block of the visual information while executing static balance control in both groups.

운동생리학 : 수영 트레이닝이 마우스의 림프계에 미치는 영향

곽이섭(YiSubKwak),백일영(IlYoungPaik),김찬회(ChanHoiKim),우진희(JinHeeWoo) 한국체육학회 2002 한국체육학회지 Vol.41 No.2

Several experimental findings suggested that the regular swimming training induce immune response, but there have been few papers which compare swimming training with immune response in mice spenocytes. This study was designed to examine the effects of regular swimming training on Index, the number of lymphocytes, and proliferative activity by spenocytes in BALB/c mice. The trained mice underwent a 10-wk endurance swimming training (5 times/wk) in water at 33- 37℃ for 60 min. And they were divided into 2 groups according to the regular swimming training (control & trained). Analytical items were weight change, spleen index, total lymphocytes, and lymphocyte proliferation.All data were expressed as mean, standard deviation and SEM by using SPSS package program (win 10.0). The result through the statistical analysis of this data were summarized as follows;1. In the weight changes, there was significant differences in Control & Trained following the swimming training.2. In spleen index changes, there was significant differences in Control & Trained following the swimming training.3. In total spleen lymphocytes, Trained group was much higher than that of Control.4. In lymphocyte proliferation of splenocyte, there was significant differences in Control & Trained after Media, ConA and LPS stimulation.

자연과학편 : 탈수방법에 따른 탄수화물 전해질 음료보충이 수면 효율성과 운동 수행력에 미치는 영향

백일영(IlYoungPaik),서상훈(SangHoonSuh),진화은(HwaEunJin),김영일(YoungIlKim),우진희(JinHeeWoo) 한국체육학회 2007 한국체육학회지 Vol.46 No.4

본 연구는 운동과 사우나를 통한 탈수 후 서로 다른 세 가지 수분보충 조건에 따른 수면의 변화 형태와 취침 후 다음날 운동 수행력, 그리고 혈중 5-HT, MAO, 젖산 및 무기인산의 차이를 비교함으로써, 탈수 후 수분보충이 수면과 운동수행에 미치는 영향을 알아보는데 그 목적이 있었다. 연구결과, 다음날 운동 수행 시간은 SC군에서 가장 길게 나타났으며(p<.05), SWS 시간은 EC군에서 가장 길었던 반면, SO 시간은 EC군에서 가장 짧았다(p<.05). 혈중 5-HT는 처치방법간 차이가 없었고, MAO는 운동보다는 사우나탈수조건에서 탈수 후 높게 나타났다(p<.05). 하지만, 수분공급 형태에 따른 차이는 없었다. 마지막으로 혈중 피로물질인 젖산과 무기인산은 사우나탈수조건에서 낮게 나타났으며, 운동종료시 탄수화물 전해질 음료섭취(EC, SC)군이 가장 낮았다. 결론적으로 사우나에 의한 방법보다는 운동에 의한 탈수가 수면의 질적 효율성에 긍정적인 효과를 보였으며, 탄수화물 전해질 음료섭취가 두 가지 탈수조건 모두에서 수면에 좋은 작용을 하였고, 다음날 아침 운동수행에 있어서도 가장 큰 효과를 보였다. The purpose of study was to investigate the effect of 12-week resistance exercise on pain and functional activity for office workers with patellofemoral pain syndrome. We obtained VAS, activity level, functional activity and strength from subject who were assigned to either control group(CG, n=13) or exercise group(EG, n=18) through 25th Apr. 2006 to 30th Sep. at Sports Medical Center of the P Hospital. EG attended a 12-week resistance exercise program consisted of 60 minutes and 3 times per week. Statistical analyses were analysed repeated two way ANOVA to search effect on exercise. After 12 weeks exercise VAS was significantly decreased in EG and Tegner score and functional activity were significantly improved. Rt knee strength was significantly improved and decreased deficit of extension strength. Patellofemoral pain syndrome was clinical worth pain, activity level and functional activity compare to CG but knee pain of patellofemoral pain syndrome was not appropriately assessed by just knee flexion and extension motion. We can consider for this study that resistance exercise for 12 weeks has improve pain, activity level, functional activity and extension strength also will has valuable patients treatment and prevention.

자연과학편 : 크레아틴과 탄수화물 투여가 최대강도 조정운동 시 호르몬 분비 및 효소활성 변화에 미치는 영향

조수영(SooYoungCho),백일영(IlYoungPaik),서상훈(SangHoonSuh),진화은(HwaEunJin),김영일(YoungIlKim),우진희(JinHeeWoo) 한국체육학회 2007 한국체육학회지 Vol.46 No.1

본 연구는 국가대표급 남자 조정선수 10명을 대상으로 고강도의 조정운동 중 크레아틴과 탄수화물 섭취의 효과를 알아보기 위하여 호르몬 분비 반응과 효소활성 정도를 비교하였다. 피험자들은 비투여(N), 크레아틴(CR), 그리고 탄수화물(C) 투여 등 세 번의 실험에 참여하였고, 운동은 2,000M 싱글스컬과 같은 조건으로 Concept II indoor ergometer를 이용하여 실시하였다. 실험결과, 혈중 유리지방산은 운동종료 시 CR 조건에서 가장 높게 나타났고(p<.05), 에너지대사 관련 호르몬인 글루카곤, 인슐린, 에피네프린의 운동 종료 시 수준은 CR 조건에서 가장 낮게 나타났다(p<.05). 혈중 라이페이즈 활성은 CR 조건에서 운동종료 시 가장 낮았으며(p< .05), 혈중 cAMP 활성은 CR 조건에서 가장 높게 나타났으나, 통계적인 차이는 없었다(p >.05). purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of both dietary creatine and carbohydrate supplementation on hormonal release responses and enzyme activities during maximal intensity rowing exercise with observing the changes of blood FFA, glucagon, insulin, lipase, epinephrine, cAMP. In order to conduct this study, 10 rowing athletes in optimal physical condition (comparable to that of the Korean National Team) were chosen. The subjects were divided into 3 test conditions: creatine(CR), carbohydrate(C), and non(N) supplement condition. All exercise studies were conducted on a Concept II Indoor Ergometer, a machine identical to that of 2,000M Single Skull event.The FFA level was the highest in the CR condition at the end of exercise(p<.05). In contrast, the levels of the blood glucagon, insulin, and epinephrine were the lowest in the CR condition at the end of exercise(p<.05). Blood lipase activity was lowest in the CR(p<.05), and cAMP activity was highest in CR at the end of exercise, but there was no significant difference among the 3 experimental conditions.