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계절변화를 설명하는 초등학교 6학년 학생들의 대안개념 연구
현동호 ( Hyun Dong-ho ),양경은 ( Kyonng-eun Yang ) 한국교원대학교 과학교육연구소 2016 청람과학교육연구논총 Vol.22 No.2
This study has the premise that Lakatos research program having concepts of the core that scientists strongly maintain in the science theory development and the protection area that protects the core is similar to student`s structure of alternative concept. Therefore, the study is conducted under the assumption that the core of Lakatos research program and the core of alternative concept of students are similar. And to research the structure of alternative concept, the center theory, the firm core, the additional theory, the guard protecting the core and the basic theory of Lakatos research program known as a natural phenomenon are used and the experimentation to change the alternative concept by proposing discording circumstances is imported. The following conclusion is made based on results of the research. The reason for students having difficulties in the optics area that performs the decisive roles for students to understand the astronomical phenomenon is their insufficiencies for understanding on the relation among celestial bodies in large scale rather than their insufficient specific knowledge. Students see the Sun that transmits lights spread to all directions and hit the Earth as a lamp, not as a celestial body. Also, on the item suggested to check the background knowledge on the seasonal change, students select the oval orbit more than any others. This is because students support the lamp theory and the distance theory mostly as the cause of seasonal change. Such knowledge is the recognition formed by experiences in younger years of students. Such firm cores interfere formations of scientific concepts leanrned in classes. Also, the tendency explaining the seasonal change with changes of the length of daytime and the meridian transit altitude by the tilted axis of the Earth without weakening the distance theory after a class through textbook. Such transition concept connected to scientific concept is confirmed also in the phase having suspicion gradually on the own belief. It shows that one concept is not completely disappeared and replaced by other concept and remains in any formation.
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