유역의 Thiessen 가중치 산정을 위한 GIS 의 적용

안상진,함창학,김주환 ( Sang Jin Ahn,Chang Hahk Hahm,Ju Hwan Kim ) 충북대학교 산업과학기술연구소 1994 산업과학기술연구 논문집 Vol.8 No.2

Abstract_Roman The purposes of geographic information system(GIS) is to extract, store, update, operate and analyze the various geological and spatial information using both computer hardware and software. In is shown that Thiessen weight among hydrologi

연구논문 : 수컷 생식줄기세포를 이용한 생식독성 동물대체시험법 개발

전혜련 ( Hye Lyun Jeon ),김태성 ( Tae Sung Kim ),이정선 ( Jung Sun Yi ),안일영 ( Il Young Ahn ),고경육 ( Kyung Yuk Ko ),이진하 ( Jin Ha Lee ),김주환 ( Joo Hwan Kim ),손수정 ( Soo Jung Sohn ) 한국동물실험대체법학회 2015 동물실험대체법학회지 Vol.9 No.1

Currently, alternative test methods are actively being developed as a replacement for animal testing, based on the 3Rs (Replacement, Refinement, Reduction). However, the development of alternative test methods for the evaluation of reproductive and developmental toxicity is in its early stage, and no established test methods exist. This study is aimed at developing an alternative test method to evaluate reproductive toxicity using male germline stem cells (GSC). We selected a negative toxic substance (Dimethyl sufloxide (DMSO)) and two positive toxic substances (NEthyl- N-Nitrosourea (ENU), methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) characterized in OECD TG 489. We also used seven test substances (2,4-diaminotoluene (2,4-DAT), cyclophosphamide (CP), benzo[α]pyrene (BP), cadmium chloride (CdCl2), D-mannitol (MA), n-butyl chloride (NBC) and trimethyl ammonium chloride (TAC)) suggested in a scientific paper published by ECVAM. The endpoints of toxicological evaluation were cell viability (MTT assay) and comet assay which is a method to measure DNA damage. As a result of our study with a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) determined using the MTT assay, IC50 values of ENU and MMS were 1.7 mM and 0.4 mM, respectively. Also, IC50 values of 2,4-DAT, CP, BP andCdCl2 were 10.3 mM, 5.5 mM, 0.4 mM and 0.18 mM, respectively. As cell viability wasn’t significantly different from that of the control, IC50 values of MA, NBC and TAC could not be calculated. In the comet assay, Tail DNA%, Tail Length (TL) and Olive Tail Moment (OTM) of the two positive toxic substances (ENU and MMS) and the four test substances (2,4-DAT, CP, BP and CdCl2) significantly grew in comparison with the control. However, Tail DNA%, TL and OTM of the negative toxic substance (DMSO) and the three positive toxic substances (MA, NBC, TAC) were similar to those of the control. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that the comet assay using GSC could be a candidate test method in predicting male reproductive toxicity.

수컷 생식줄기세포를 이용한 생식독성 동물대체시험법 개발

전혜련 ( Hye Lyun Jeon ),김태성 ( Tae Sung Kim ),이정선 ( Jung Sun Yi ),안일영 ( Il Young Ahn ),고경육 ( Kyung Yuk Ko ),이진하 ( Jin Ha Lee ),김주환 ( Joo Hwan Kim ),손수정 ( Soo Jung Sohn ) 한국동물실험대체법학회 2015 동물실험대체법학회지 Vol.9 No.1

Currently, alternative test methods are actively being developed as a replacement for animal testing, based on the 3Rs (Replacement, Refinement, Reduction). However, the development of alternative test methods for the evaluation of reproductive and developmental toxicity is in its early stage, and no established test methods exist. This study is aimed at developing an alternative test method to evaluate reproductive toxicity using male germline stem cells (GSC). We selected a negative toxic substance (Dimethyl sufloxide (DMSO)) and two positive toxic substances (NEthyl- N-Nitrosourea (ENU), methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) characterized in OECD TG 489. We also used seven test substances (2,4-diaminotoluene (2,4-DAT), cyclophosphamide (CP), benzo[α]pyrene (BP), cadmium chloride (CdCl2), D-mannitol (MA), n-butyl chloride (NBC) and trimethyl ammonium chloride (TAC)) suggested in a scientific paper published by ECVAM. The endpoints of toxicological evaluation were cell viability (MTT assay) and comet assay which is a method to measure DNA damage. As a result of our study with a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) determined using the MTT assay, IC50 values of ENU and MMS were 1.7 mM and 0.4 mM, respectively. Also, IC50 values of 2,4-DAT, CP, BP andCdCl2 were 10.3 mM, 5.5 mM, 0.4 mM and 0.18 mM, respectively. As cell viability wasn’t significantly different from that of the control, IC50 values of MA, NBC and TAC could not be calculated. In the comet assay, Tail DNA%, Tail Length (TL) and Olive Tail Moment (OTM) of the two positive toxic substances (ENU and MMS) and the four test substances (2,4-DAT, CP, BP and CdCl2) significantly grew in comparison with the control. However, Tail DNA%, TL and OTM of the negative toxic substance (DMSO) and the three positive toxic substances (MA, NBC, TAC) were similar to those of the control. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that the comet assay using GSC could be a candidate test method in predicting male reproductive toxicity.

인체구강모델을 이용한 구강점막자극 동물대체시험법 개발

임혜림 ( Hye Rim Lim ),이정선 ( Jung Sun Yi ),김태성 ( Tae Sung Kim ),고경육 ( Kyung Yuk Ko ),안일영 ( Il Young Ahn ),김주환 ( Joo Hwan Kim ),이진하 ( Jin Ha Lee ),양송이 ( Song Yi Yang ),김광만 ( Kwang Mahn Kim ),손수정 ( Soo Jun 한국동물실험대체법학회 2015 동물실험대체법학회지 Vol.9 No.1

Ensuring the biological safety of dental materials is important, because people of all ages use them and they stay inside the mouth of a person for years once they are put into it. However, current oral irritation tests bring pain to animals, and there are no internationally accepted alternative test methods. In this study, we have developed a new method to test for oral irritation using three-dimensional (3D) human oral mucosal models in the light of growing needs for alternatives to animal testing in order to ensure the safety of dental materials. The commercially available 3D human oral mucosal models (EpiOral™, HOM™) were cultured, using normal oral epithelial cells, and histologically and phenotypically similar to native buccal tissues. Two controls and three dental materials that are widely used in dentistry were selected for testing. These included a polyethylene film (negative control), 1% Triton X-100 (positive control), resin, denture base resin and impression materials. These three dental materials were prepared according to manufacturers’ instructions, and were turned into 0.7-cm discs in diameter. And then, we directly placed the controls and the three dental materials on the top of each human oral mucosal model for 24 hours and measured tissue viability via the MTT assay and cytokine secretion. When cell viability is less than 50% or cytokine secretion is more than 250 pg/ml, a test material is evaluated as an irritant. The negative control, resin and denture base resin turned out non-irritants while the positive control and the impression materials irritants. Since the results of the oral mucosal irritation test of dental materials using human oral mucosal models matched those of existing cytotoxicity tests, it seems that the oral mucosal test can be a good alternative method. The results of this study suggest that the oral mucosal irritation test employing the 3D human oral mucosal models can be an alternative test method for dental materials. And further validation studies are required in order to take advantage of this method in the future.

연구논문 : 인체구강모델을 이용한 구강점막자극 동물대체시험법 개발

임혜림 ( Hye Rim Lim ),이정선 ( Jung Sun Yi ),김태성 ( Tae Sung Kim ),고경육 ( Kyung Yuk Ko ),안일영 ( Il Young Ahn ),김주환 ( Joo Hwan Kim ),이진하 ( Jin Ha Lee ),양송이 ( Song Yi Yang ),김광만 ( Kwang Mahn Kim ),손수정 ( Soo Jun 한국동물실험대체법학회 2015 동물실험대체법학회지 Vol.9 No.1

Ensuring the biological safety of dental materials is important, because people of all ages use them and they stay inside the mouth of a person for years once they are put into it. However, current oral irritation tests bring pain to animals, and there are no internationally accepted alternative test methods. In this study, we have developed a new method to test for oral irritation using three-dimensional (3D) human oral mucosal models in the light of growing needs for alternatives to animal testing in order to ensure the safety of dental materials. The commercially available 3D human oral mucosal models (EpiOral™, HOM™) were cultured, using normal oral epithelial cells, and histologically and phenotypically similar to native buccal tissues. Two controls and three dental materials that are widely used in dentistry were selected for testing. These included a polyethylene film (negative control), 1% Triton X-100 (positive control), resin, denture base resin and impression materials. These three dental materials were prepared according to manufacturers’ instructions, and were turned into 0.7-cm discs in diameter. And then, we directly placed the controls and the three dental materials on the top of each human oral mucosal model for 24 hours and measured tissue viability via the MTT assay and cytokine secretion. When cell viability is less than 50% or cytokine secretion is more than 250 pg/ml, a test material is evaluated as an irritant. The negative control, resin and denture base resin turned out non-irritants while the positive control and the impression materials irritants. Since the results of the oral mucosal irritation test of dental materials using human oral mucosal models matched those of existing cytotoxicity tests, it seems that the oral mucosal test can be a good alternative method. The results of this study suggest that the oral mucosal irritation test employing the 3D human oral mucosal models can be an alternative test method for dental materials. And further validation studies are required in order to take advantage of this method in the future.