고정희 굿시에 나타난 기호적 코라의 특성 -『저 무덤 위에 푸른 잔디』를 대상으로-

김란희 ( Ran Hee Kim ) 국제비교한국학회 2011 비교한국학 Comparative Korean Studies Vol.19 No.2

This study focuses on the linguistic characteristics of Goh Jung Hee`s poetry book Green Grass on the Grave (1989); here, Goh deals with the issues of the common people and of women at the same time. Goh explores, in particular, the female state of suppression and begrudgment in the signification process and practical aspects of shamanic rite poetry as women have generally been seen as the representatives of the abused. By using such marginal voices as the colloquial and the exorcist style writings, Goh rejects the patriarchal symbolic order and pursues the liberation of the commoners and of women. This is shown most clearly in her poetry book Green Grass on the Grave. In this study, the linguistic characteristics of Goh`s shamanic rite poetry is examined with Kristeva`s concept of the semiotic chora, which has become not only the proviso to explain the physical and material characteristics of the language in Goh`s shamanic rite poems, but also the mechanism to clarify its shamanistic characteristics. As Green Grass on the Grave demonstrates, Goh`s language emerges as that of jerking flesh; expressed in high and low pitches of sound, beat, rhythm, intonation, and direct speech through the choraic pulse, the jerking flesh language maximizes its physical and material characteristics and restores the energy lost in segmental languages into the scene of exorcism to awaken the senses of the listeners. The jerking flesh language also achieves a collective resonance through the transfer of energy that corresponds to the listeners` senses. The linguistic practice that becomes the abject itself makes a mechanism to actively practice the ethics of love that helps the return of the abject. Ultimately, this poetry of abject becomes a linguistic practice which restores the energy of sound life for women by calling in people excluded from and expelled by the patriarchal authority and urging them to refuse the single identity forced upon them by the contemporary power structure.

카오스모스 시학과 김지하 담시의 구조형성방식 -「비어(蜚語)」와 「똥바다」를 중심으로

김란희 ( Kim Ran-hee ) 국제어문학회 ( 구 국제어문학연구회 ) 2009 국제어문 Vol.45 No.-

본고는 김지하 담시의 구조형성 방식을 카오스모스 시학으로 살펴보고자 한다. 여기서 언급하는 카오스모스 시학이란 현대시학이 추구하는 다의성의 본질을 이해하기 위해서 현대 과학이 다루고 있는 우연성, 불확정성, 개연성, 애매모호함, 다가치성 등을 예술에 접목시켜 시학적 지평을 학제간의 영역으로 넓혀보고자 하는 방법론이라 할 수 있다. 카오스와 복잡성에 대한 현대 과학의 발전은 하나의 시학을 가능하게 하는데, 그것은 불연속성, 복잡성, 자기 조직화 이론으로 대변되는 카오스모스 시학으로 문학 텍스트의 복잡성과 밀도, 결 등을 은유적으로 살펴볼 수 있는 하나의 도구가 될 수 있다. 이는 김지하 시인 스스로가 담시 발표 이후 꾸준히 카오스모스와 자기조직화의 시론을 내세우며 민중의 노래(민요와 판소리, 각설이 타령, 배뱅이 굿 등)가 대표적인 카오스모스와 자기 조직화의 사상을 보여주는 예술장르라고 밝힌 점과도 일치 한다. 본고에서 민중 문학이 현실을 반영하는 지시적 코드로만 평가받았던 연장선에서 벗어나 김지하 텍스트에 대한 시학적 접근의 도구로 카오스모스 시학을 택했던 것은 김지하의 담시 텍스트가 지니고 있는 지시성과 애매성, 복잡성, 다층성 등을 동시에 살펴볼 수 있다는 점에 주목했기 때문이다. 이는 김지하 담시에서 감지되는 혼돈과 질서, 질서와 혼돈이라는 역설적 정합의 미학을 시학적 차원에서 규명해보고자 하는 작은 시도라 할 수 있다. <불연속성과 복잡성>, <자기 방해의 패턴>, <자기조직화의 원리>로 대표되는 카오스모스 시학을 통해 살펴본 김지하 담시는 불연속성과 복잡성의 조우를 통해 선형적이고 직선적인 줄거리로부터 벗어난 것처럼 보이지만 나름대로의 질서를 형성하면서 전체성에 복무하고 있는 다층성을 지니고 있다. 이는 `혼돈 속의 질서`라는 역설적 정합 과정을 통한 담론의 조직화로, 기왕의 민중 문학이 지녀왔던 단성성의 한계를 뛰어넘는 새로운 시적 창조를 보여줌과 동시에 오히려 메시지를 한층 더 강화해내는 효과를 낳고 있다. 또한 모순 어법을 통해 모순적인 의미의 충돌과 혼합을 통한 언어의 테크닉을 보여주고 있는데, 이는 풍자의 결을 다층적으로 보여주는 효과를 낳고 있다. 이는 서로 다른 언어의 이질성이 융합되어 제 3의 의미를 생성해내는 시 담론의 조직화 방식으로도 볼 수 있다. 이에 따라 텍스트의 다의미성은 형성되며 독자들은 당시의 시대 상황을 다층적으로 지각하게 된다. 아울러 담시를 이루고 있는 각각의 분리된 이야기는 스스로 자기 조직화를 꾀하면서 더 넓은 영역 안에서 통합되고 있는데, 그것은 마치 단순한 것들이 에너지를 이용해 결합하면서 복잡한 것으로 변해가는 자기 조직화 논리와 맞닿은 것으로, 우연적 요소가 필연적 기제로 작동을 하고 있는 것이다. 그 안에서 각각의 요소는 불연속성과 복잡성이라는 상호 교호 작용을 통해 자기 조직화를 이루어내고 있다. 이에 따라서 김지하 담시 텍스트에서 그동안 읽혀왔던 지배/ 피지배, 억압/피억압, 권력층/민중의 이분법적 대립 구도는 이러한 분리와 결합의 간섭과 충돌 과정을 통한 열림과 닫힘의 끊임없는 언어적 실험으로 다시 읽을 수 있는 것이다. This study intends to explore into the Kim Ji-ha`s lay structure-forming method in terms of "chaosmos poetics". The chaosmos poetics refers to a method that integrates the accidentality, indeterminacy, probability, ambiguity and muti-valuableness which modern poetics addresses with art and attempts to expand the poetics horizon to the interdisciplinary sphere in order to understand the essence of the equivocality which modern poetics seeks. The development of the modern science on chaos and complexity made one poetics possible, which could be a tool which would metaphorically look to the complexity, density and texture of literary texts with a chaosmos poetics represented by discontinuity, complexity and self-organization theories. This coincides with an assertion that poet Kim Ji-ha has claimed that popular songs("minyo", or folk song, "pansori", or traditional Korean narrative song, "gakseolitaryeong" or singing beggar`s ballards and "Baebaengi gut", or Baebangi`s shaman ritual, etc) are the art genre showing the thought of the representative chaosmos and self-organization while steadily promoting the poetics of chaosmos and self-organization since the release of the selfproclaimed narrative poetry. In this study, the reason why I chose the chaosmos poetics as a tool for the poetic approach to Kim Ji-ha texts, deviating from the prolongation that has been only evaluated as a reference code which popular literature reflects reality is because I looked to a point that I could simultaneously examine the reference, ambiguity, complexity and multi-layeredness which his lay texts carry. This could be a little attempt that tries to explore into the paradoxically thesis-antithesis aesthetics of chaosmos vs order and order vs. order which is sensed in Kim Ji-ha lay from the perspective of poetics. The Kim Ji-ha lay which were investigated via chaosmos poetics represented by "discontinuity and complexity", "self-obstructive pattern", and "self-organization principle", seem to be deviated from a curved and linear storyline via an encounter of discontinuity and complexity but have their-own multi-layeredness that both shapes order and serves to wholeness. This is both an organization of the lay via a paradoxical thesis-antithesis process of the so-called "order in chaos" and a mani -festation of the new poetic creation beyond the limit of the unisexuality which the past popular literature held, simultaneously giving rise to an effect that enforces a message much more. And Kim Ji-ha lay show a language technique through the conflict and mix of contradictory meanings via a oxymoron, which brings about an effect that demonstrates the texture of satires in a layeredness way. It would be a poetic lay-forming way which generates the third meanings as a result of the heterogeneity of different languages being converged each other. Thus, the multi-meaningfulness of the text is formed and readers perceive their contemporary multi-layered circumstances. Further, the differently separate stories which consist of a lay seeks a self- organ -ization on their own and are integrated into a wider sphere, which is connected to the logic of the self-organization of as if simple objects are combined each other by using an energy and transformed into a complex thing, accidental elements functioning as a necessary mechanism. As it were, each element seeks a self-organization via an interaction of discon -tinuity and complexity in the mechanism. Hence, the dichotomical confrontation scheme of the ruling/the ruled, the suppressing/the suppressed and power class/the populace that have been read in the Kim Ji-ha lay texts thus far would be newly read with a ceaseless language experiment of opening and closing via the inter -ference and conflict of such separation and combination.

디지털 조형의 혼성적 특성연구

김란희(Kim, Ran-Hee),안성모(Ahn, Seongmo) 한국실내디자인학회 2014 한국실내디자인학회논문집 Vol.23 No.4

The objective of this research is to suggest new geometric possibilities in digital architecture by investigating the characteristics of hybridization in digital geometry. The research begins with theoretical background research such as defining hybridization, investigating hybrid thinking, and studying the theory the theory of digital geometry, along with the four conceptual characteristics of hybridization that could be drawn, such as temporality, liquidity, complexity, and connectivity. Based on these characteristics, the generative method of hybrid digital geometric languages such as Blob, Particle, Morph, Loft, and Boolean was analyzed with case research in contemporary digital architecture. As a result, diverse hybrid geometric keywords were extracted; these keywords suggest potential meanings of hybridization such as accidentality, mobility, diversity, and identity. Different elements represent the “mobility” in time by the force and wave, and they are “accidentally” combined in gradual change. The united species in “diverse” characters are seamlessly connected and emerge as a new “identity.” The research maximizes the generative possibilities in digital geometry and provides a theoretical basis to apply the digital hybrid methods to architectural design by suggesting the potential meanings and possibilities in hybridization.

김지하 담시에 나타난 "신명"과 시적 언어의 부정성

김란희 ( Ran Hee Kim ) 시학과 언어학회 2011 시학과 언어학 Vol.21 No.-

This study is to examine the language used by Kim Ji-ha in his poems through the theory of "Sinmyeong", a concept that the Korean poet himself defines as the ultimate value of public language. Kim brought his poetic language in his lays to the public discourse by his linguistic faith in the concept of Sinmyeong, so that he was able to suggest the poetic social norm about the nature and form of public language. He identifies Sinmyeong with a core value that unites all the values that the public pursue, and his Sinmyeong provides a coordinate of the literature of his time, regarding what the public language was, and thereby provides the key to understand his creation principle and language characteristics. According to the Korean poet, "Sinmyeong" refers to gigantic literary embodiment of languages that breathe and keep their rhythms and rhyme, and thus it revives the physical impulse that have long been forgotten in the symbolic system of language. How is Sinmyeong, the gigantic literary embodiment of the public language, represented in texts? Sinmyeong is literary physicality and the energy of body and the movement of psychological energy. It is physically expressed by sound or rhythm, and concurrently contradicting the symbolic language system. Therefore, this study is to identify the poetic principle of Sinmyong through the concept of negativity of the poetic language that Julia Kristeva suggested. The negativity of the poetic language delivered by Kim Ji-ha`s lays is represented by repeating rhythms and phrases, adopting onomatopoeic and mimetic words, and breaking or distorting morphologic-syntactic rules. Such signs of negativity are the purses of the sign system in order to change the physical impulse of the narrators of his poems, and to confront meanings of the symbolic system. By doing so, poetic languages relieve and energize the suppressed public, and express social resistance. Through his effort and the kind, the public of his time fully enjoy Sinmyeong that reinvigorated their spirit and energy.

2009-2011년에 발생한 신종 인플루엔자 A (H1N1)의 신경학적 양상

김란희(Ran Hee Kim),김영미(Young Mi Kim),박수은(Soo Eun Park),김혜영(Hye Young Kim),이윤진(Yoon Jin Lee),김태형(Tae Hyoung Kim),남상욱(Sang Ook Nam) 대한소아신경학회 2011 대한소아신경학회지 Vol.19 No.1

목적 : 신종 인플루엔자 A (H1N1) 바이러스 감염의 신경학적 합병증의 발생 빈도를 확인하고 임상적 고찰을 시행하였다. 방법 : 2009년 7월부터 2011년 1월까지 부산대학교 병원의 외래, 입원 및 응급실에서 신종 인플루엔자 A (H1N1) RT-PCR로 감염이 확인된 만 18세 이하의 752명 환자의 의무기록을 검토하였다. 이들 중 신경학적 합병증을 보인 환자를 대상으로 인플루엔자의 임상 증상, 신경학적 이상 증상, 검사실소견, 뇌파검사 결과, 신경 방사선학적 검사 소견 등을 조사하였다. 결과 : 15명의 환자가 신경학적 증상을 보였으며 평균 연령은 8.8세이었다. 남아가 10명 (66.7%), 여아가 5명 (33.3%)이었다. 9명 (60)이 경련을 보였고, 2명(13.3%)이 뇌염, 2명(13.3%)가 환시, 1명 (6.7%)이 무균성 수막염, 1명(6.7%)이 현훈을 보였다. 급성 열성 감염의 발생 평균 2일(범위 0-4일)이 경과한 후 신경학적 증상을 보였다. 3명 (20.0%)이 뇌척수액 검사에서 이상 소견을 보였으나 신종인플루엔자 A (H1N1)은 검출되지 않았다. 1명 (6.7%)이 뇌 자기공명검사에서 이상 소견을 보였다. 14명 (93%)이 oseltamivir를 투여 받았다. 모든 환자가 완전히 회복되었으며 신경학적 후유증은 없었다. 결론 : 신종 인플루엔자 A (H1N1)는 대유행 기간 동안 다양한 신경학적 증상을 동반하였다. 소아 신경학을 진료하는 의사는 인플루엔자의 유행시기에 발생하는 신경학적 증상의 감별진단으로 인플루엔자 감염을 반드시 고려해야 하겠다. Purpose : To describe the characteristics and incidence of neurologic complications related to the novel influenza A (H1N1) virus. Methods : We reviewed the medical records of 752 children and adolescence (≤ 18 years of age) who had been diagnosed as novel influenza A (H1N1) infection through positive results of influenza A (H1N1) RT-PCR and hospitalized or visited the outpatient clinic and emergency department of Pusan National University Hospital from July 2009 to January 2011. Results : We identified 15 patients who had experienced a neurologic symptom with a mean age of 8.8 years. There were 10 (66.7%) males and five (33.3%) females. Nine patients (60.0%) presented with seizures, two (13.3%) with decreased mentality, two (13.3%) with visual hallucination, and one (6.7%) with vertigo. The mean duration from onset of respiratory illness to the beginning of neurologic symptoms was 2 days (range: 0-4 days). Three patients (patient 2, 7, and 13) (20.0%) had abnormal results on cerebrospinal fluid analysis; however, novel influenza A (H1N1) was not detected. Further, one patient (6.7%) had abnormal MRI. Antiviral therapy (oseltamivir) was administered to fourteen patients (93%) and all patients recovered fully and had no neurologic sequelae. Conclusion : Novel influenza A (H1N1) was a cause of neurologic symptoms during the outbreak. Pediatricians should consider influenza virus infection in the differential diagnosis for children with neurologic symptoms during an epidemic of influenza.

DTaP 접종력이 없는 3개월 미만 영아의 백일해 3례

서혜경 ( Hyung Kung Seo ),김란희 ( Ran Hee Kim ),김성헌 ( Seong Heon Kim ),김혜영 ( Hye Young Kim ),박수은 ( Soo Eun Park ),박희주 ( Hee Ju Park ),이승주 ( Seung Ju Lee ),김혜정 ( Hye Jung Kim ) 대한소아알레르기호흡기학회(구 대한소아알레르기 및 호흡기학회) 2011 소아알레르기 및 호흡기학회지 Vol.21 No.1

저자들은 발작적인 기침증상 및 간헐적으로 동반되는 구토, 청색증이 있는 신생아 및 3개월 미만의 유아에서 백일해균에 대한 배양검사와 PCR로 백일해를 확진하여 치료하였던 환자를 경험하였다. DTaP 접종이 완료되지 않은 신생아와 어린 영유아가 기침 증상이 오랫동안 지속되고 청색증, 호흡곤란이 동반된다면 백일해를 염두해 두어야 한다. 또한 청소년 및 성인에서 영유아로의 백일해 전파를 방지하며 집단 면역을 유지하기 위해 Tdap 백신의 접종을 적극적으로 권장해야 할 것이다. Pertussis is a pediatric infectious disease with one of the highest degrees of infectivity. Although pertussis may cause asymptomatic infections in children and adults with immunity, it can cause life-threatening diseases in newborn babies or infants. We report three cases of pertussis in infants <3 months of age without DTaP immunization who have received symptomatic treatment with the diagnosis of bronchiolitis from other hospitals, and subsequently correctly diagnosed and treated. The patients did not have the characteristic whooping cough, but the main symptoms were episodic cough, intermittent vomiting, and cyanosis. Based on culture results for Bordetella pertussis and PCR, pertussis was diagnosed and treated without any complications. As it is assumed that adults, adolescents, and asymptomatic patients may serve as sources of infection, immunization with Tdap vaccine is recommended to prevent dissemination of pertussis from adolescents and adults to infants, and thus maintain herd immunity. [Pediatr Allergy Respir Dis(Korea) 2011;21:56-60]

마키아벨리로 착각하는 돈키호테의 후예들 : 국가이익 재구성을 둘러싼 보수언론의 담론정치

김성해(Kim, Sung Hae),김란희(Kim, Ran Hee) 한국언론정보학회 2021 한국언론정보학보 Vol.106 No.-

2021년 대한민국은 어디로 가야 할까? 왕과 양반이 다스리던 시절, 대외정책은 이들이 결정했다. 민주공동체는 다르다. 국민은 이제 자신의 생명과 재산이 걸린 문제에 적극적으로 개입한다. 언론을 통해 중재되는 여론을 통해서다. 그러나 여론은 과연 다수 국민의 의견이 단순히 합쳐진 것일까? 언론에 의해, 또는 언론이 내세우는 전문가를 통해 여론이 영향을 받을 가능성은 없을까? 본 연구는 이에 보수언론의 칼럼니스트에 주목했다. 한편으로 그들은 해당 언론사에서 고위직에 있으면서 편집의 방향에 영향을 미친다. 다른 한편으로 국민은 그들의 칼럼을 일상적으로 접하고 있으며 그들의 전문성과 권위를 인정한다. 연구를 위해 <조선일보>, <중앙일보>, <동아일보>, <문화일보>의 칼럼니스트가 쓴 글을 분석했다. 분석 자료는 2002년부터 2020년으로 잡았다. 그간 노무현, 이명박, 박근혜, 문재인 정부가 권력을 잡았다. 최종적으로 611개의 칼럼을 분석했다. 1차 예비 조사를 통해 미국, 북한, 중국 등에 관해 칼럼을 자주 쓰는 인물을 골랐고, 그들이 쓴 글 중에서 관련성이 높은 것만 분석 표본으로 삼았다. 연구문제는 크게 세 가지로 설정했다. 국익을 훼손하는 ‘공공의 적’으로 누가 소환되고 있는가에 대한 질문이 첫 번째다. 두 번째로, 특정 집단과 개인 등이 ‘적’이라면 왜 그렇게 생각하는지, 근거가 뭔지, 타당한 증거는 무엇인지 등을 확인했다. 논리적 해석체계로 알려진 ‘프레임’에 대한 분석이다. 마지막으로, 칼럼니스트들이 자신의 관점에 대한 권위를 높이기 위해 인용한 핵심 정보원이 누구인가를 찾았다. 분석결과는 연구자의 예상과 크게 다르지 않았다. 한미동맹은 신성하며, 북한은 공존할 수 없는 공공의 적이고, 중국은 미국의 경쟁자가 되지 못한다는 게 핵심이다. 진보정권의 남북화해와 중국에 대한 균형 외교는 현실을 잘 모르는 철부지의 선택이며 오히려 미국의 심기를 건드리는 위험한 도박이라는 견해가 지배적이다. 자신들이 내세우는 프레임과 적 담론에 대한 권위를 높이기 위해 인용한 권위자의 편향성도 심했다. 미국의 정부 관료, 군산 복합체가 후원하는 싱크탱크의 연구원, 펜타곤 전 · 현직 군인 등이 다수다. 미국의 목소리가 이들의 도움을 통해 한국 사회의 공론장을 관통한다. 보수언론의 담론정치 실체를 파헤친 이런 작업을 통해 지금도 지속하고 있는 냉전의 벽에 작은 균열이라도 생겼으면 하는 소망이다. South Korea seeks desperately possible solutions in time of hegemonic competition between U.S. and China. The problem lies in the fact that public opinion influenced by the media play a crucial role in deciding on foreign policies though. It is thus high time to examine the performance of Korean media in terms of providing solid and reasonable insights. While noticing the power of those conservative newspapers, this paper pays attention to columnists in Chosun-ilbo, Donga-ilbo, Joongang-ilbo and Moonhwa-ilbo in shaping public opinion especially about North Korea, China and U.S. Time of analysis starts from Roh Moo-hyun presidency in 2002 to that of Moon Jae-in in 2020. Total number of 611 columns related to Korea’s foreign policies have been examined for the purpose of identifying discursive politics. Taking into account that discourse consists of logos, ethos and pathos, it makes use of frame, cue-giver, and dichotomy between angels and enemies. Those research questions such as who are designated as the enemies against national interests, what sorts of frames are employed to justify it, and who are summoned as authoritative voices in discourses are raised as well. Basic assumptions on conservative columnists attest through the research. First of all, it turned out that they act like more Don Quijote de La Mancha represented by a dreamer than Niccolò Machiavelli who had initiated a realistic approach in politics. While failing in recognizing the shift of international order, they hardly shed lights on either contexts or truths covering Korean issues. Also, it is clear that they are deeply obsessed with anti-communism along with sycophancy toward U.S. Those claims deliberated by U.S. government including ‘Rogue State’ ‘Strategic Rivalry’ and ‘Axis of Evil’ have been penetrating Korean public spheres with the help of those media. The authors hope in final that this paper will be treated aa s wake-up call for articulating genuine national interests independent from foreign influences helped by domestic followers.

VUV 이오나이저용 Ca-Sr-Ba계 산화물 캐소드에 낮은 일함수를 갖는 금속산화물 첨가의 영향

박승규,이종혁,김란희,정주형,한완규,이수현,전성우,김대준,김도윤,이광섭,Park, Seung-Kyu,Lee, Jonghyuk,Kim, Ran Hee,Jung, Juhyoung,Han, Wan Gyu,Lee, Soo Huan,Jeon, Sung Woo,Kim, Dae Jun,Kim, Do-Yun,Lee, Kwang-Sup 한국재료학회 2019 한국재료학회지 Vol.29 No.4

There are several manufacturing techniques for developing thermionic cathodes for vacuum ultraviolet(VUV) ionizers. The triple alkaline earth metal emitters(Ca-Sr-Ba) are formulated as efficient and reliable thermo-electron sources with a great many different compositions for the ionizing devices. We prepare two basic suspensions with different compositions: calcium, strontium and barium. After evaluating the electron-emitting performance for europium, gadolinium, and yttrium-based cathodes mixed with these suspensions, we selected the yttrium for its better performance. Next, another transition metal indium and a lanthanide metal neodymium salt is introduced to two base emitters. These final composite metal emitters are coated on the tungsten filament and then activated to the oxide cathodes by an intentionally programmed calcination process under an ultra-high vacuum(${\sim}10^{-6}torr$). The performance of electron emission of the cathodes is characterized by their anode currents with respect to the addition of each element, In and Nd, and their concentration of cathodes. Compared to both the base cathodes, the electron emission performance of the cathodes containing indium and neodymium decreases. The anode current of the Nd cathode is more markedly degraded than that with In.

지역아동센터 아동들의 건강행위 및 구강환경관리능력

김은정 ( Eun Jung Kim ),강보람 ( Bo Ram Kang ),김란희 ( Ran Hee Kim ),문정옥 ( Jung Ok Moon ),손세라 ( Se Ra Son ),한경순 ( Gyeong Soon Han ) 대한예방치과·구강보건학회 2010 大韓口腔保健學會誌 Vol.34 No.4

Objectives. This study aimed examine aspects of oral health behaviors, snack intake and Patient Hygiene Performance (PHP) index scores among children in the community using community children`s centers. Methods. A survey and oral examinations were conducted for 377 children in community children`s centers in Incheon. The collected data were analyzed with a chi-square test, a t-test and one way analysis of variance. Results. About 42.4% of the subjects brushed their teeth three times a day; the rate was higher among female than male students (p<0.05). As for toothbrushing methods, 1st to 3rd graders mostly used the scrub method or other methods for one minute; 4th to 6th graders mostly used an up and down method or a rolling method (p<0.01). As for snack intake, 1st to 3rd graders drank milk, while 4th to 6th graders mostly had cookies (p<0.01). There were differences in kinds of snack by geographic regions and by the presence of siblings (p<0.01). The mean Patient Hygiene Performance (PHP) index was 3.43±7.21. There were no differences in the PHP index regarding sociodemographics, oral health behaviors or snake intakes. Conclusions. It is necessary to create a physical environment in which children can brush teeth regularly. Oral health education should be focused on healthy eating habits and tooth-brushing methods among children in community children`s centers. Oral health education should be emphasized constantly.

천안-아산 지역 청동기시대 무문토기의 재료학적 특성과 고고과학적 의미

이찬희,조선영,어언일,김란희,Lee, Chan Hee,Cho, Seon Yeong,Eo, Eon Il,Kim, Ran Hee 한국문화재보존과학회 2015 보존과학회지 Vol.31 No.1

이 연구는 천안-아산 지역 출토 청동기시대 토기편과 고토양을 대상으로 재료과학적 분석을 통해 상호 동질성을 검토한 것이다. 토기편은 현미경하에서 1mm 이하의 세립질 광물에서 10mm 정도의 극조립 광물까지 분급과 원마도가 다양한 비짐들이 혼재되어 있다. 또한 대부분 토기편은 조직의 치밀도가 떨어졌으며 다양한 모양과 크기의 기공이 분포하였다. X-선 회절분석에서는 석영, 장석, 운모, 각섬석, 녹니석과 같은 주구성광물 외에 활석이 동정되었으며, 이 활석은 토양에서는 검출되지 않아 인위적으로 첨가한 물질인 것으로 판단된다. 토기편 중 녹니석이 검출되지 않는 것들은 $850^{\circ}C$ 이하에서 소성되었을 것으로 추정하였으며, 운모 및 활석이 동정된 토기는 $900^{\circ}C$ 이하에서 소성이 완료된 것으로 해석된다. 각 유적의 토기와 토양의 지구화학적 분석결과, 주성분, 미량, 희토류원소의 진화경향이 거의 일치하여 각 유적의 토기는 대부분 유적을 구성하는 고토양을 태토로 이용한 것으로 판단된다. The excavated potteries and raw clays of the Bronze Age from the archaeological sites in the Cheonan-Asan area were studied on material scientific characteristics and homogeneity. Under the microscope, grainsize of the tempers in the potteries were distributed from less than 1mm to 10mm. Microtexture of the potteries showed various shapes and sizes of pores. In addition to the main minerals such as quartz, feldspar, mica, hornblende, chlorite and talc were found from the X-ray diffraction analysis of potteries, while talc was not found in the raw clay. Therefore, it was considered as an artificially added mineral. Firing temperature of the potteries, which did not contain chlorite, are assumed that they were baked below $850^{\circ}C$. On the other hand, the potteries which had mica and talc, are assumed that they were fired below $900^{\circ}C$. The geochemical characteristics of the potteries and raw clays showed very similar patterns, that means the potteries were produced by using the raw clay sources from each site.