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경북방언의 인용 구문 연구 : A Study of the Quotative Constructions in Kyong-buk Dialect
권재일 서울大學校 人文學硏究所 1996 人文論叢 Vol.36 No.-
<<Abstract>> Quotative constructions in different dialects display a variety of distinct characteristics in both form and function. As dialects present a synchronic spectrum of the ongoing process of diachronic change, the study of dialect variation can shed important light on issues in language change. With these goals in mind, I have presented a detailed descriptive analysis of the quotative construction in the Kyong-buk dialect in this paper. The major conclusions of the papers are as follows. 1. The quotative construction (QC) is a VP embedded sentence construction where the verb of the main clause (the quotative verb) takes a embedded clause as its complement. The verb of the embedded clause carries mood suffixes. QC is divided into direct and indirect quotative constructions depending on the attitude of the speaker who uses the construction. 2. QC is characterized by the presence of quotative markers. However, diachronically and dialectally, quotative markers may be omitted. The quotative markers in the Kyong-buk dialect are '-ko' and '-lako' These may be omitted when the main clause verb is a proverb. With pro-verb QCs, it is more common for the QC to occur without quotative marker. 3. The most common verb of quotation is 'malhata', However, several verbs of saying and pro-verbs (such as 'hata', 'ilayta', 'kulayta', 'kuta', 'kukhata', 'ikhata', 'khata') also function as main verbs in QCs. 4. Quotative marker ellipsis optionally extends to the verb stem of the main clause verb (i.e., the omission of '-ko ha-'), or the omission of the quotative marker plus the entire main clause verb (i.e., '-ko ha-endings'). Sometimes what is elided is not the quotative marker but the main verb itself (i.e., 'ha-endings'). 5. In contrast to direct QCs, in indirect QCs, there are restrictions on the embedded clause verb with regard to endings that realize hearer-honorific speech level. That is, when the embedded clause is declarative, only '-ta' is allowed. Likewise, the ending is restricted to '-unya' when the embedded clause is interrogative, '-ula' when it is imperative, and '-ca' when it is propositive. This restriction may be explained as follows. It is not necessary for the speaker who uses an indirect QC to show deference to the hearer regarding the content of the embedded (quoted) clause. This is so because in indirect QCs, the purpose of the speaker is simply to convey the content of the embedded clause rather than to assert it directly with respect to the hearer.
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