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中国商事仲裁的发展现状、困境与突破 - 基于重庆仲裁的实践考察
陈 志,叶世清 동아대학교 법학연구소 2018 國際去來와 法 Vol.- No.21
Arbitration is the parallel of courts of justice in the dispute settlement of commercial disputes. The basic principles of commercial arbitration are voluntary, independent and fair & reasonable. Arbitration has made great achievements in boosting economic development, but there are also some institutional problems that are difficult to overcome. By analyzing the current development situation of Chongqing commercial arbitration, some problems can be found in China’s arbitration system, which mainly include administrative and judicial intervention, the low awareness of seeking for arbitration and the poor support of the courts of justice to the execution of arbitration legal documents and so on. In order to solve these problems, firstly, arbitration has to get rid of the administrative constraints and enhance its autonomy and independence; secondly, try to make the dispute parties voluntarily participate in the arbitration proceedings; thirdly, increase coordination to solve the enforcement of arbitration legal documents. Also, it is wise to conform to the trend of Internet development, for instance, solving commercial disputes by online arbitration system. 作为中国市场经济领域内与法院诉讼并行的、独立的纠纷解决机制,商 事仲裁秉承自愿、独立、公平合理的基本原则,在解决商事争议、助力经 济发展等方面取得了巨大的成就,但也存在着一些制度性难题和较难克服 的实践顽疾。考察重庆商事仲裁的发展现状,可以发现重庆商事仲裁实践 面临的困境,主要有:仲裁发展的行政化、司法化趋势明显,致使仲裁的 公信力有所减损;市场主体对仲裁的认知度低,致使仲裁功能作用发挥还 不够;法院对仲裁机构作出的裁决在执行方面对接不顺畅、支持不力;等 等。为解决以上问题,应使仲裁脱离行政的约束以增强仲裁的自治性和独 立性,通过友好的仲裁程序使参与仲裁的当事人获得区别于诉讼的独特感 受,加大协调解决仲裁法律文书的执行力度以增强仲裁的公信力。并且, 为顺应互联网发展的大趋势,应针对在线仲裁制度进行重点探索,解决在 线仲裁在需求层次、程序设定等方面的问题,并以此推动≪仲裁法≫作出 适当的调整。