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方帆(FANG FAN) 전남대학교 글로벌디아스포라연구소 2009 전남대학교 세계한상문화연구단 국제학술회의 Vol.2009 No.1
The Chinese economy has been experiencing a revolution period in the 21st century. While high economic growth continues, China is having a surplus capital account combined with a huge trade surplus, resulting in enormous foreign currency savings. In addition, China’s joining into the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 2001 has attracted increasing inward foreign capital. At the same time, the multinationalization of Chinese corporations has reached a higher development stage. This study attempts to clarify the realities of the multinationalization of Chinese corporations and is divided into three sections. Section 1 entitled “The multinationalization of rapidly-growing corporations and the ‘ going out’ policy” analyzes the evolution of Chinese multinationalization in two stages, namely “From the economic open-door policy to the implementation of the ‘going out’ policy” during 1979-2000 and “The achievements of joining the WTO” from 2001 to the present. The two stages are distinguished by the increase of the total amount of foreign direct investment (FDI) and the establishment of foreign-invested corporations. The biggest feature in the background of the evolution of Chinese multinationalization is that FDI is considered as China’s national strategy. Moreover, by joining the WTO, Chinese corporations have had to face with severe competition from other foreign players in the domestic market, and have undergone corporate realignment through mergers and acquisitions (M&A) to expand the size of the companies. Section 2 entitled “The realities of multinationalization” analyzes the features, the circumstances, and the purpose of the multinationalization of Chinese corporations in recent years. The main features of the multinationalization of Chinese corporations are: small investment scale, the decentralization at the investment destination, the expansion of the investment fields, and the dominance of state-owned Chinese multinational corporations among other types of corporations. In recent years, Chinese investors tend to purchase foreign firms, especially small-and medium-sized multinational corporations, to obtain advanced technologies and the management skills. Finally, section 3 entitled “The promotion factors of multinationalization” verifies two factors that promote the multinationalization of Chinese corporations, which are China’s joining into the WTO and the support strategy of the Chinese government. The first factor is analyzed by examining the expansion of trade friction and the intensification of domestic competition after joining into the WTO. The second factor is clarified by the internal structure of financial support in addition to the general support policy of the government. In addition, the purpose of the government’s support strategy is also analyzed.
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