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獨逸 表現主義 繪畵의 發生 및 그 展開過程에 對한 硏究
尹健哲,張明淑 관동대학교 1984 關大論文集 Vol.12 No.2
Reacting against the impressionist painters, whose object was to render a faithful visual impression, the gruop of artists known s Expressionists wanted to show the ideas and emotions beneath the surface of the visual world. In this paper it is indicated that the renewed romanticism of the later nineteenth century became the immediate basis of modern Expressionism. but more important to the development of Expressionism were Much and Gogh. Expressionsim proper is usually considered to have begun in the first years of this century in Germnay, and more particularly with the foundation of the "Brucke" group. The young painters in this group studied the painted and graphic works of the early German masters as well as Negro art. This group may be said to have represented German Expressionism in its purest form. More international was "Der blaue Reiter" group. The style of it was on the whole more decerative than that of the "Brucke", more lyrical, more open to the influences of Fauvists and Cubists, and more inclined to renounce the representation of reailty. Thus, kandinsky, a member in this group, became the first abstract artist. The First World War dispersed the Expressionist painters into every center of Europe. After the war, the artists of the Post-Expressionist generation took up the techniques of Expressionism. The original purely artistic aims tended to be replaced by a much greater emphasison social criticism. Unfortuntely when Nazi regime took charge of the cultural life of Germany and Centural Europe, the works of the Expressionists were branded as decadent. They were condemned to oblivion and only those who went into exile could continue to work. Since the Second World War there has been a succession of expressionist waves. It was the trend known as Abstract Expressionism that drew out our attention back to Kandinsky's generation. It may be given as a conclusion that Expressionism can't be dismissed as a transitory phase of modern art. For it is a solid fact that one of the modes of art is that a emotional expression. In this respect, expressionist tendencies will probably always exist, as they hav always existed in the past.