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      • KCI등재

        G 문법에 의한 en 시간 부사어의 형식화

        손현정 한국불어불문학회 2006 불어불문학연구 Vol.0 No.67

        Cette recherche a pour l'objectif de presenter la G Grammaire proposee par F. Renaud (1996, 2005) et de formaliser le fonctionnement de l'adverbial temporel en 'en' par le biais de cette grammaire. La G Grammaire est une grammaire formelle qui vise a representer de maniere automatique le sens des phrases en langage fonctionnel type. Elle a ete employee pour construire les parseurs semantiques du français, du chinois, du japonais et du coreen. Nous avons constate que l'adverbial temporel en 'en' a au moins deux fonctions semantiques differentes vis-a-vis aux phrases mono-occurentes. Il sert d'abord a marquer l'aspect telique de la phrase a laquelle il est associe, comme l'a remarque Vendler. Ensuite, applique a la phrases non telique, il met en evidence la distance temporelle entre l'evenement decrit par la phrase et un evenement anterieur indique par le contexte. Dans le present travail nous nous proposons de representer formellement ces deux fonctions par la G Grammaire. Notre travail est organise en trois parties. Dans un premier temps, nous esquissons les modeles du traitement linguistique et du temps linguistique employes par la G Grammaire. Dans un deuxieme temps, nous illustrons la demarche de l'analyse avec quelques exemples simples. Dans un troisieme temps, nous decrivons la demarche reelle de la formalisation des fonctions de l'adverbial temporel en 'en'

      • KCI등재

        Dès que의 시상적 재해석 현상과 시간/원인 관계 연구

        손현정 한국불어불문학회 2010 불어불문학연구 Vol.0 No.84

        Nous parlons dans cet article de la locution conjonctive dès que qui joue les mêmes rôles syntaxiques et sémantiques que les connecteurs de subordination, si bien que nous la considérons comme un connecteur à part entière. Dès que exprime essentiellement des relations temporelles comme la concomitance et la postériorité immédiate. C’est la raison pour laquelle on considère généralement cette locution conjonctive comme introduisant des événements ponctuels ou d’achèvement dans la subordonnée. Mais en réalité, elle présente très souvent des événements variés au niveau aspectuel : l’achèvement, l’activité, l’accomplissement et même l’état, qui exprime un événement statique durant un certain temps. (1) Dès que nous fûmes dedans, un homme se mit à ramer. Dans ce cas précis, nous remarquons que dès que nécessite le procès de réinterprétation aspectuelle. Ce faisant elle fait souvent intervenir la présupposition qui implique un sous-événement pour déclencher la réinterprétation aspectuelle. Nous décrivons en détail ce phénomène dans le cadre de la sémantique. L’autre problème traité dans cet article vis-à-vis de dès que concerne la relation de causalité posée par l’emploi de ce connecteur. Dans la plupart des cas, dès que s’interprète temporellement tandis qu’il s’interprète aussi causalement sous certaines conditions, comme par exemple : (2) Dès que le docteur n'apparut pas, le garçon saisit un long tube. Nous présentons ces conditions dans cet article en mettant en évidence le rapport de la causalité et de la réinterprétation aspectuelle. Nous y décrivons également l’intervention de l’inférence basée sur les données extralinguistiques et l'intervention de l’ordre temporel des événements.

      • KCI등재

        공적 담화의 주관성 표현 방식 연구: 르몽드 신문사설을 중심으로

        손현정 한국프랑스어문교육학회 2022 프랑스어문교육 Vol.77 No.-

        Il est bien connu aujourd'hui que l'éditorial du journal est un type de discours public où s'expriment ouvertement les opinions subjectives du locuteur et de son groupe. Cet article vise à mettre en évidence la manière dont l'éditorial de journal exprime de la subjectivité en respectant les contraintes imposées par ce type de discours public. Dans cette perspective, nous avons analysé des corpus d'éditoriaux du quotidien Le Monde sur la période 2020-2021, en analysant la fréquence des marques linguistiques suivantes : des pronoms personnels, différents types de modalités de phrase, des temps verbaux, des dénominations référant à la communauté française, ainsi que des marqueurs de l'évidentiel. Nous avons ainsi pu mettre en exergue le rôle joué par l'éditorial comme identifiant le locuteur et l'interlocuteur comme membres d'une même communauté, à travers l'emploi des pronoms on et nous, ou encore le recours aux modes interrogatifs, visant à exprimer la volonté ou les émotions du locuteur. Enfin, cet article s'appuie également sur le rôle joué par des marqueurs de l'évidentiel en français, comme par exemple le conditionnel dit ‘journalistique’ qui constitue l'un des procédés les plus fréquents relevés dans nos corpus. 본 연구는 신문, 라디오, 텔레비전 등 일대다 커뮤니케이션 매체를 통해 이루어지는 공적 담화(discours public) 가운데 화자의 주관적 관점이 분명하게 드러나는 문어 장르로서 신문사설을 주목하고, 프랑스 대표 일간지인 르몽드의 신문사설 분석을 통해 공적 담화에서 주관성이 표현되는 언어적 방식의 특징을 살펴보았다. 이를 위하여, 본 연구에서는 2020년 4월부터 2021년 4월까지 약 1년 동안 289개의 신문사설을 수집하여 말뭉치를 구축하고, 선행연구 검토를 통해 주관성의 공적 발화 방식과 관련된 언어자질들을 추출한 후, 말뭉치에서 이들의 출현 양상을 통계적으로 분석하였다. 본 연구에서 살펴본 언어자질은 주격 대명사, 문장형식, 동사시제, 증거성 표지, 집단명사 등이다.

      • KCI등재
      • KCI등재

        유아 인성의 창의적 사고력 및 창의적 성향에 대한 관계

        손현정,조현철 대한사고개발학회 2021 사고개발 Vol.17 No.2

        This study aims to establish the structure of children’s characters and creative dispositions, and to examine the relations of these characters to creative thinking and dispositions. Based on a series of exploratory factor analyses of the data on a characters questionnaire (Cho, 2020), a 86 item questionnaire was developed and administered to 301 4 and 5 years old children in June 2020. And a 39 item creative dispositions questionnaire was developed through abstracting the most common elements proposed by 65 related prior articles, and administered to 200 5 years old children in November 2020 along with a creative thinking test. Confirmatory factor analyses verified 18 children’s character factors in 3 areas (person-, others-, and community-oriented) and 6 categories (self-management, character, social ability, pro-social ability, community-oriented awareness and community-oriented behavior), and 8 creative disposition factors including openness, task commitment, self-confidence, uniqueness, spontaneity, sensitivity, adventurous mind, and preference for complexity. A series of correlation analyses showed significant but weak positive relations of children’s character factors to creative thinking factors and disposition factors. The overall results do not show a support for the idea of the organic integration of characters and creativity in education, and suggest the educational efforts for creativity and character be made independently. 본 연구는 유아 인성과 창의적 성향의 요인을 확립하고, 창의·인성교육 맥락에서 양 변인 간 관계를 규명하고자 하는 목적을 가진다. 먼저, 96문항 검사지에 대한 3~5세 1,088명의 응답 결과(조현철, 2020)를 일련의 탐색적 요인분석한 결과, 3영역 6범주 18요인으로 구성되는 86문항의 유아인성 검사지를 개발하였다. 이 검사지를 2020년 6월 동안 전북 G, I, J시 소재 유아교육기관 원아 4세 101명과 5세 200명을 대상으로 실시하였다. 또한, 65편의 관련 선행 논문으로부터 공통된 요인을 추출하여 8요인 39문항의 유아 창의적 성향 검사를 작성하였다. 이 검사지와 “유아종합창의성검사”(전경원, 2000)를 2020년 11월 동안, G, I, J시 5세 유아 200명을 대상으로 실시하였다. 확인적 요인분석의 결과, 유아 인성은 “자아”와 “성품”의 개인지향영역과, “사회성”과 “친사회성”의 타인지향영역, 그리고 “공동체지향의식”과 “공동체지향행동”의 공동체지향영역을 구성하는 18요인의 다면적인 구조를 가지며, 유아 창의적 성향은 “개방성”, “과제집착력”, “자기신뢰감”, “독특성”, “자발성”, “민감성”, “모험성”, “복잡성의 선호” 등 8요인으로 구성되는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 유아 다면적 인성은 창의적 사고력 요인에 대해 유의하지만 약한 정적 상관관계를, 그리고 창의적 성향에 대해서는 비교적 약한 정도의 유의한 정적 상관관계를 보였다. 본 연구의 이러한 결과는, 창의성교육과 인성교육의 유기적 통합에 대한 지지를 보이지 않고 있으며, 창의성과 인성의 향상을 위한 교육적 노력이 각각의 초점을 분명히 하며 이루어져야 할 것을 시사하고 있다.

      • KCI등재

        터너의 색채 표현에 나타난 양극성 연구

        孫賢貞 미술사연구회 2004 미술사연구 Vol.- No.18

        This paper mainly deals with the characteristics of Joseph Mallord William Turner (1775~1851)'s use of colors, expecially in his later works. It is well known that Turner was deeply interested in optical effects and colors throughout his later period Therefore, most studies on Turner's paintings usually focus on a creative use of light and colors perfectly harmonized on his canvases, and understood Turner's light and colors as a "Romantic Revelation," "Emotional Empathy," or "Forerunner of Impressionism." However, I have found that Turner, particularly, in his later works, consciously experimented with the use of the polarity of colors m order to represent the contrasting subject matters in two companion works. Therefore, this article attempts to discuss anti-Newtonians' thought as one of the influential integrals to Turner's use of colors, and to understand it in relationship with the development of science during that period. In 1704, Isaac Newton published Opticks and discussed that all colors in the spectrum exist in white light Afterwards, many studies began to understand colors in relation to the sunlight. Opposed to Newton's and his followers' hypotheses, Johann Wolfgang van Goethe published a series of articles to argue that colors were not light, but entitles to be experienced in reality In 1810, Goethe published Farbenlehre and discussed that color could be both active and passive to light, and employed this concept as an inspiration for his literary works. Reminded in the image of a magnet, Goethe believed that a natural phenomenon had its own opposing poles like evil and good, and dark and light. This conception of "a pair of opposition" had been already referred in Stoicism, mysticism, magic and alchemy. To Goethe, this conception was both a kind of religion and a logical conclusion. In fact, the anti-Newtoman attitude was not Goethe's own particular Opinion, but rather was a sort of intellectual rebels commonly shared among philosophers during that period against the positivist and mechanistic philosophy that were developing toward a scientific and materialistic point of view throughout the eighteenth and nineteenth century Turner was also fascinated with this anti-Newtoman thought and became deeply indulged with It through the intellectual interactions with his contemporaries such as David Brewster, George Field, J D. Passavant and P J de Loutherbourg Although Turner had been familar with Goethe's theories, his anti-Newtoman attitude became more strengthened after reading Farbenlehre. In addition, the interactions with English scientists like Michael Feraday and Mary Somerville, and photographer J J. E. Mayall, gave him a strong conviction for the polarity of primitive light and dark. Goethe, in his Farbenlehre, perceived yellow and blue as primary colors coming from the two poles of light and dark. Then, according to the color circle, he classified red, yellow and green as plus colors, while blue, blue-green, and purple as minus colors. He characterized plus colors as action, light, brightness, force, warmth, proximity, repulsion, affinity with acids, while minus colors, as negation, shadow, darkness, weakness, coldness, distance, attraction, affinities with alkalis. Turner's works on which the polarities of colors are represented do not only display the contrast of colors, but also intentionally display their contrasting features mentioned in Goethe's Farbenlehre. I believe that it was established as one of Tuner's later stylistic elements. It is found that Turner's interest in light during the 1810s and 1820s developed into an interest in the contrast of light and dark. During 1828~31, his works show that he experimented with a polarity of colors. In 1830s, he contrasted merely yellow and blue, however, after 1840s, he experimented with a broader range of colors and contrasted plus colors such as orange and red with minus colors such as blue, navy and purple. In addition, Turner's works after 1840 share in common to have a octagonal form and circular composition. Such visual elements affirm that Turner intentionally represented the polarity of colors in his later works as I pointed out in this article I believe that this study will provide an opportunity to understand the originality in Tuner's use of colors, and to give a concrete idea about what is "a representation of the polarity of colors."

      • KCI등재

        코로나19(COVID-19) 시기에 경험한 학교전문상담사의 감정노동에 관한 현상학적 연구

        손현정,김장회 한국상담학회 2021 상담학연구 Vol.22 No.5

        The purpose of this study was to explore the nature and meaning of emotional labor experienced by school counselors during the COVID-19 period using phenomenological qualitative research methods. To this end, in-depth interviews were conducted with 9 participants from elementary, middle, and high schools in C city. The data collected through the interview were analyzed according to Giorgi's phenomenological research method. As a result of the analysis, 5 components and 17 sub-components were derived. The components are as follows; ‘Pressure from excessive workload facing the disaster’, ‘Limits of frustration caused by not being able to express’, ‘Inner strategy to control emotion’, ‘Positive emotions experienced under the disaster’, and ‘Organizational understanding and support to prevent emotional burnout in disasters’. Based on the results, implications of this study and suggestions for follow-up studies were discussed along with ways for school counselors to minimize emotional dissonance in disaster situations and to prevent emotional burnout due to emotional labor. 본 연구의 목적은 현상학적 질적 연구방법을 사용하여 코로나19(COVID-19) 시기에 학교전문상담사들이 경험한 감정노동의 본질과 그 의미를 탐색해 보고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 C도시의 초․중․고등학교에서 상담하고 있는 학교전문상담사 9명을 대상으로 심층면담을 실시하였다. 면담을 통하여 수집된 자료는 Giorgi의 현상학적 연구방법에 따라 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 5개의 구성요소와 17개의 하위구성요소가 도출되었다. 구성요소는 ‘재난 속에서 마주하는 과중한 업무의 무게감’, ‘표현되지 못해 좌절되는 감정의 한계’, ‘감정을 다스리기 위한 내적 전략’, ‘재난 속에서 경험하는 긍정적 감정’, ‘재난 속에서 감정소진 예방을 위한 조직 차원의 이해와 지원’이다. 결과를 바탕으로 학교전문상담사들이 재난 상황에서 감정부조화를 최소화하고 감정노동으로 인한 감정소진을 예방할 방안 및 본 연구의 시사점 등과 함께 후속 연구에 대한 제언이 논의되었다.

      • KCI등재

        놀이터활동가 양성과정의 효과성 검증

        손현정,김연옥,김점희,김희정,안진경 사단법인 인문사회과학기술융합학회 2019 예술인문사회융합멀티미디어논문지 Vol.9 No.12

        This study aimed to verify the effects of play activists’ training education process on their playfulness and efficacy in play teaching. For this, this study performed the play activists’ training education process for total 80 hours within four weeks, targeting 30 adults residing in G city of Jeollabuk-do. The scores of playfulness and efficacy in play teaching collected through the play activists’ training education process, were analyzed by using the paired t-test. In the results of this study, the play activists’ training education process had positive effects on the playfulness and efficacy in play teaching. The play activists’ training education process established opportunities for them to work as an expert and resource of society that would help the securement of children’s right to play, establishment of play environment and culture, and the enhancement of children’s playfulness and efficacy in play teaching. Moreover, it would be necessary to sufficiently provide practical activities connected to the play site within the training education process, so that the play activists could accumulate the sufficient field experiences. And in the future, there should be qualitative researches on the growth and change of play activists shown in the play activists’ training education process. 본 연구는 놀이터활동가 양성과정이 놀이터활동가의 놀이성과 놀이교수효능감에 미치는 효과성을 검증하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 이를 위해 전라북도 G시에 살고 있는 성인 30명을 대상으로 4주 동안 총 80시간의 놀이터활동가 양성과정을 실시하였다. 놀이터활동가 양성과정을 통해 수집된 놀이성 및 놀이교수효능감의 점수는 대응표본 t-검정을 통해 분석되었다. 연구결과 놀이터활동가 양성과정은 놀이터활동가의 놀이성과 놀이교수효능감에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 놀이터활동가 양성과정은 아동의 놀 권리를 보장하고 놀이 환경 및 문화를 조성하며, 아동의 놀이성과 놀이교수효능감을 증진할 수 있도록 도와주는 사회의 자원이자 전문가로서 활동할 수 있는 계기를 마련하였다. 후속연구에서는 놀이터활동가가 충분한 현장경험을 쌓을 수 있도록 양성과정 내에 놀이 현장과 연계한 실무 활동을 충분히 제공할 필요성이 있으며, 놀이터활동가 양성과정에서 나타난 놀이터활동가의 성장과 변화에 대한 질적연구가 이루어질 필요가 있다.

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