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太田 秀春 서울대학교 국사학과 2003 韓國史論 Vol.49 No.-
During the Meiji Reformation, Japan abolished their old traditions radically on the pretext of enlightening their people. However, some elite groups argued that the old fortress castles should be preserved, and thus, the fortress castles whose original functions had been deprived of were reorganized into the historic remains to symbolize the new nation of Japan. Such fortress castles were arranged into parks in the process of urbanization to be designated as national cultural assets, in an attempt to create recreational spaces for people and awaken the people of 'superiority of the Japanese people'. During that period, fortress castles had yet to be designated as cultural assets in Chosun. When Daewongun(大院君) was ruling the nation, many village fortresses and mountain fortresses were maintained, while some new fortress castles were built. However, such fortresses were not historic remains but military facilities. Emperor Gojong(高宗) instructed his subjects to reconstruct or modernize the capital, while maintaining the fortress castles and refusing the Japanese people's requests to demolish the fortress castles. Anyway, Japan implemented their policies regarding the fortress castles in Korea, which were different from the policies for their domestic fortress castles; their policies were preservation of their old fortress castles. Japan's fortress castle polices in Korea started just after they became a protectorate of Korea. At first, they regarded the fortress castles as 'anti- Japanese' symbols and attempted to destroy the fortresses castles, particularly those in Seoul in order to suppress Korean people's resistance to their rule. Specifically, they regarded such royal palaces as 'king's fortress castles' or 'emperor's fortress castles' and began to demolish such places as Kyongbok Place(景福宮). Merely, they thought Namdaemun-Gate(南大門, Sungryemun) as the gates through which the Japanese army had passed during their invasion in 1592, and thereby, preserved them to be used to legitimize their rule of Korea.